Felicissimus

Felicissimus (died 271?) was a public officer in Ancient Rome, during the reign of Emperor Aurelian. He is famous because he led an uprising of mint workers against the Emperor, but was defeated and killed, possibly in 274, but more probably in 271.

Mint workers revolt

Felicissimus was a rationalis, the chief of the state treasury. One of the responsibilities of the rationalis was to administer the imperial mints. The workers of the mint in Rome had been engaged in adulterating the coinage for their own profit.^[1] This involved the Divus Claudius coin, which was issued during Aurelian's early reign to establish his right to be the successor of Claudius.^[2] Felicissimus was held responsible and when he was challenged by Aurelian, he incited the mint workers to revolt.^[1] In the uprising that followed, it is reported that the workers were massacred while 7,000 soldiers were killed during this revolt (Aurelius Victor xxxv 6; Historia Augusta, Aurelianus, xxxviii 2–4). The battle took place on the Caelian Hill.^[2] It is possible that this uprising was somehow connected with the senatorial and equestrian classes, as Aurelian executed several senators.

The fact that the mint of Rome was inactive for a short time before the monetary reform of 274 could be a consequence of this revolt, and the poor quality of the coinage at the beginning of Aurelian's reign supports the suggestion that the workers at the mint were adulterating the coinage. Aurelian chose Gaius Valerius Sabinus as Felicissimus' successor and the mint at Rome was transferred to Mediolanum.^[3]

References

^ ^a ^b Bond, Sarah (2016). Trade and Taboo: Disreputable Professions in the Roman Mediterranean. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press. p. 133. ISBN 978-0-472-13008-5.
^ ^a ^b Syvänne, Ilkka (2020). Aurelian and Probus: The Soldier Emperors Who Saved Rome. Yorkshire: Pen and Sword Military. p. 84. ISBN 978-1-5267-6750-9.
^ White, John F. (2015). The Roman Emperor Aurelian: Restorer of the World. Yorkshire: Pen and Sword. ISBN 978-1-4738-4477-3.

"Felicissimus", s.v. "Aurelian", De Imperatoribus Romanis site.
Cyprian Discusses how Felicissimus presented a challenge to Cyprian's position of bishop in the church at Carthage^{[citation needed]}

Sources

Aurelius Victor, De Caesaribus, 35,6;
Eutropius, Breviarium historiae Romanae, ix,14;
Historia Augusta, Aurelianus, 38.2;

[:0-1] Bond, Sarah (2016). Trade and Taboo: Disreputable Professions in the Roman Mediterranean. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press. p. 133. ISBN 978-0-472-13008-5.

[:1-2] Syvänne, Ilkka (2020). Aurelian and Probus: The Soldier Emperors Who Saved Rome. Yorkshire: Pen and Sword Military. p. 84. ISBN 978-1-5267-6750-9.

[3] White, John F. (2015). The Roman Emperor Aurelian: Restorer of the World. Yorkshire: Pen and Sword. ISBN 978-1-4738-4477-3.

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