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FLTK

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FLTK
Initial release1998; 26 years ago (1998)
Stable release
1.4.0-1 / November 18, 2024; 3 days ago (2024-11-18)
Preview releaseexperimental-2022-01 (January 23, 2022; 2 years ago (2022-01-23)) [±]
Repository
Written inC++
Operating systemUnix-like with X11 or Wayland, macOS, Microsoft Windows, AmigaOS 4
TypeUser interface library
LicenseGNU Lesser General Public License version 2 with an exception to allow static linking[1]
Websitewww.fltk.org

Fast Light Toolkit (FLTK)[2] is a cross-platform widget (graphical control element) library for graphical user interfaces (GUIs), developed by Bill Spitzak and others. Made to accommodate 3D graphics programming, it has an interface to OpenGL, but it is also suitable for general GUI programming.

Using its own widget, drawing and event systems abstracted from the underlying system-dependent code, it allows for writing programs which look the same on all supported operating systems.

FLTK is free and open-source software, licensed under GNU Lesser General Public License (LGPL) with an added clause permitting static linking from applications with incompatible licenses.

In contrast to user interface libraries like GTK, Qt, and wxWidgets, FLTK uses a more lightweight design and restricts itself to GUI functionality. Because of this, the library is very small (the FLTK "Hello World" program is around 100 KiB), and is usually statically linked. It also avoids complex macros, separate code preprocessors, and use of some advanced C++ features: templates, exceptions, and run-time type information (RTTI) or, for FLTK 1.x, namespaces. Combined with the modest size of the package, this makes it relatively easy to learn for new users.[3]

These advantages come with corresponding disadvantages. FLTK offers fewer widgets than most GUI toolkits and, because of its use of non-native widgets, does not have native look-and-feel on any platform.

Meaning of the name

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FLTK was originally designed to be compatible with the Forms Library written for Silicon Graphics (SGI) machines (a derivative of this library called XForms is still used quite often). In that library, all functions and structures start with fl_. This naming was extended to all new methods and widgets in the C++ library, and this prefix FL was taken as the name of the library. After FL was released as open source, it was discovered that searching "FL" on the Internet was a problem, because it is also the abbreviation for Florida. After much debating and searching for a new name for the toolkit, which was already in use by several people, Bill Spitzak came up with Fast Light Tool Kit (FLTK).[4]

Architecture

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FLTK is an object-oriented widget toolkit written in the programming language C++. While GTK is mainly optimized for the X Window System, FLTK works on other platforms, including Microsoft Windows (interfaced with the Windows API), and OS X (interfaced with Quartz). A Wayland back-end has been implemented and is available since release 1.4.0.[5] FLTK2 has gained experimental support for optionally using the cairo graphics library.

Language bindings

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A library written in one programming language may be used in another language if language bindings are written. FLTK has a range of bindings for various languages.

FLTK was mainly designed for, and is written in, the programming language C++. However, bindings exist for other languages, for example Lua,[6] Perl,[7] Python,[8] Ruby,[9] Rust[10] and Tcl.[11]

For FLTK 1.x, this example creates a window with an Okay button: 

# include <FL/Fl.H>
# include <FL/Fl_Window.H>
# include <FL/Fl_Button.H>

int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
   Fl_Window* w = new Fl_Window(330, 190);
   new Fl_Button(110, 130, 100, 35, "Okay");
   w->end();
   w->show(argc, argv);
   return Fl::run();
}

GUI designers

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FLTK includes Fast Light User Interface Designer (FLUID), a graphical GUI designer that generates C++ source and header files.

Use

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See also: Category:Software that uses FLTK

Many programs and projects use FLTK, including:

  • Nanolinux, 14 MB Linux distribution[12][13][14][15][16][17]
  • XFDOS, a FreeDOS-based distribution with a GUI, porting Nano-X and FLTK[18][14][15][17]
  • Agenda VR3, a Linux-based personal digital assistant with software based on FLTK.
  • Amnesia: The Dark Descent, by Frictional Games uses FLTK as its launcher application
  • MwendanoWD, Logic puzzle for personal computer by YPH.[19]
  • Audio:
  • DiSTI GL Studio, human-machine interface development tool[22]
  • Engineering:
    • ForcePAD, an intuitive tool to visualise the behavior of structures subject to loading and boundary conditions[23]
    • Gmsh, an open-source finite element mesh generator
    • RoboCIM, software to simulate and control operation of a servo robot system and external devices[24]
  • Equinox Desktop Environment (EDE)
  • FlBurn optical disc burning software for Linux[25]
  • Graphics:
    • CinePaint, deep-paint software, migrating from GTK to FLTK, open-source
    • ITK-SNAP, software application for medical image segmentation, open-source
    • Nuke, a digital compositing program. Until version 5, now replaced by Qt
    • Open Movie Editor[26]
    • OpenVSP, an open-source NASA parametric 3D CAD for aircraft desgign and analysing[27]
    • PosteRazor, open-source poster printing software for Windows, OS X, Linux[28]
    • Tilemap Studio, An open-source tilemap editor for Game Boy, Color, Advance, DS, and SNES projects[29]
  • SmallBASIC, Windows port
  • Web browsers:
    • Dillo, Dillo-2 was based on FLTK-2, abandoning this FLTK branch, with no official release, was a major cause of Dillo-3 being started, using FLTK1.3
    • Fifth, replicates functioning of early Opera[30]
    • NetRider[31]
  • Brain Visualizer: An open-source interactive visualizer for large-scale 3D brain models. Part of the Brain Organization Simulation System (BOSS) developed at Stony Brook University[32]
  • X window managers:

Versions

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This version history is an example of the sometimes tumultuous nature of open-source development.[33]

1.0.x

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This is a prior stable version, now unmaintained.

1.1.x

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This is a prior stable version, now unmaintained.

2.0 branch

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This was a development branch, long thought to be the next step in FLTK's evolution, with many new features and a cleaner programming style. It never achieved stability, and development has largely ceased. The branch is inactive now.

1.2.x

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This was an attempt to take some of the best features of 2.0 and merge them back into the more popular 1.1 branch. It is no longer developed.

1.3.x

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Current stable release.[34] Provides UTF-8 support.

1.4.x

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Current development branch. Adds more features to 1.3.[34]

3.0 branch

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This branch is mostly a conceptual model for future work. Now inactive.

See also

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References

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  1. ^ "FLTK License Agreement". Archived from the original on 2001-12-18. Retrieved 2020-01-30.
  2. ^ "Fast Light Toolkit - Fast Light Toolkit (FLTK)". www.fltk.org. Archived from the original on 2020-02-02. Retrieved 2020-01-30.
  3. ^ "Fast Light ToolKit (FLTK) » CppLibs". Archived from the original on 2015-05-18. Retrieved 2015-05-13.
  4. ^ "Article #363: What does "FLTK" mean? - Fast Light Toolkit (FLTK)". www.fltk.org. Archived from the original on 2020-07-31. Retrieved 2020-01-30.
  5. ^ "STR #3371: Wayland Display Server Protocol support - Fast Light Toolkit (FLTK)". www.fltk.org. Archived from the original on 2022-11-19. Retrieved 2020-08-06.
  6. ^ "murgaLua homepage". Archived from the original on 2012-07-07. Retrieved 2008-12-18.
  7. ^ "Links: By Category - Links - Fast Light Toolkit (FLTK)". www.fltk.org. Archived from the original on 2023-03-15. Retrieved 2023-04-07.
  8. ^ "pyFLTK Home Page". pyfltk.sourceforge.io. Archived from the original on 2023-04-07. Retrieved 2023-04-07.
  9. ^ "Ruby/FLTK". ruby-fltk.sourceforge.net. Archived from the original on 2023-04-13. Retrieved 2023-04-07.
  10. ^ "fltk - Rust". docs.rs. Archived from the original on 2023-04-07. Retrieved 2023-04-07.
  11. ^ "Tcl/Fltk dynamic extension for Tcl". SourceForge. 3 April 2013. Archived from the original on 7 April 2023. Retrieved 7 April 2023.
  12. ^ "Nanolinux". SourceForge. 8 October 2016. Archived from the original on 11 November 2020. Retrieved 15 April 2018.
  13. ^ "Tiny to the extreme: Nanolinux". 30 November 2014. Archived from the original on 16 April 2018. Retrieved 15 April 2018.
  14. ^ a b "An interview with the Nanolinux developer". 30 December 2014. Archived from the original on 16 April 2018. Retrieved 15 April 2018.
  15. ^ a b "Artificial Intelligence Methods". Archived from the original on 1999-04-20. Retrieved 2019-08-15.
  16. ^ "PC HTML Editors". Archived from the original on 2018-04-16. Retrieved 2018-04-15.
  17. ^ a b "Georg's Personal Homepage". www.georgpotthast.de. Archived from the original on 2018-08-17. Retrieved 2018-04-15.
  18. ^ "An extraordinary TK example!". 12 October 2012. Archived from the original on 16 April 2018. Retrieved 15 April 2018.
  19. ^ "YPH". Archived from the original on 2018-10-27. Retrieved 2018-10-27.
  20. ^ "Giada, hardcore loopmachine". Archived from the original on 2011-09-25. Retrieved 2011-09-29.
  21. ^ "prodatum - official homepage". prodatum.sourceforge.net. Archived from the original on 2023-04-07. Retrieved 2023-04-07.
  22. ^ "DiSTI GL Studio". Archived from the original on 2012-08-15. Retrieved 2010-07-29.
  23. ^ "ForcePAD". forcepad.sourceforge.net. Archived from the original on 2023-04-07. Retrieved 2023-04-07.
  24. ^ "RoboCIM - Robotics software". Archived from the original on 2013-05-04. Retrieved 2013-06-29.
  25. ^ "Free | CD DVD burning software for Linux". flburn.sourceforge.net. Archived from the original on 2023-04-10. Retrieved 2023-04-07.
  26. ^ "Open Movie Editor - Free and Open Source Video Editor". www.openmovieeditor.org. Archived from the original on 2012-05-18. Retrieved 2008-04-12.
  27. ^ "OpenVSP". openvsp.org. Archived from the original on 2023-04-07. Retrieved 2023-04-07.
  28. ^ "PosteRazor - Make your own poster!". posterazor.sourceforge.io. Archived from the original on 2023-04-07. Retrieved 2023-04-07.
  29. ^ "Tilemap Studio". GitHub. 18 October 2021. Archived from the original on 8 September 2021. Retrieved 8 September 2021.
  30. ^ "Fifth - Home". fifth-browser.sourceforge.net. Archived from the original on 2023-04-14. Retrieved 2023-04-07.
  31. ^ "NetRider". SourceForge. 23 February 2016. Archived from the original on 7 April 2023. Retrieved 7 April 2023.
  32. ^ "Viz (Brain Visualizer)". GitHub. 25 August 2021. Archived from the original on 8 September 2021. Retrieved 8 September 2021.
  33. ^ "What are the Versions of FLTK?". Archived from the original on 2010-06-28. Retrieved 2010-07-23.
  34. ^ a b https://www.fltk.org/articles.php?L825 Archived 2019-08-02 at the Wayback Machine Taken 5 March 2017.
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