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Elizabeth Emblem

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The Elizabeth Emblem is a national form of recognition conferred by the monarch and awarded to the next of kin of members of the United Kingdom emergency services who are killed on duty.[1][2] It is named in tribute to Queen Elizabeth II.[1][2] It is the civilian equivalent of the Elizabeth Cross.[1][2]

History

[edit]

On 9 March 2024, the introduction of the Elizabeth Emblem was announced by the government.[3]

Design

[edit]

The emblem is silver in colour and oval.[4] At the top is a Tudor Crown above the inscription "FOR A LIFE GIVEN IN SERVICE", surrounded by a rosemary wreath, a traditional symbol of remembrance. The name of the person commemorated is inscribed on the back.[3]

The emblem includes a pin, allowing it to be worn by a next of kin of the person it commemorates. A miniature of the emblem accompanies it, which may be worn by the recipient at "that person's discretion". The emblem is not intended to be worn directly with other medals.[3]

Recipients of the Elizabeth Emblem also receive a memorial scroll inscribed with the name of the person commemorated. A close relative who is not the next of kin, for example a parent or partner, may be eligible for an additional memorial scroll, but not the emblem.[3]

Criteria

[edit]

There are three criteria for a person to be eligible for an Elizabeth Emblem:[3]

Public service

[edit]
  • A person was employed in a role by, on behalf of, or formally funded by, an eligible body. The definition of an eligible body will be granted by the UK government, a devolved government (Welsh, Scottish and Northern Ireland), local government, a Crown Dependency or a British Overseas Territory;
  • A person worked, either paid or voluntary at the behest of an eligible body, including any person with a formal contract or agreement to work for an eligible body, or ordered to provide a service;
  • A person worked as part of emergency services personnel (either paid or voluntary), dealing directly or indirectly with emergencies. This will include front-line workers, as well as those working in control rooms, all working for emergency services of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, a Crown Dependency or a British Overseas Territory. It also includes those who worked for mountain, cave and water rescue, weather and natural disaster response services and HM Coastguard; and,
  • A person is not eligible to be commemorated by the granting of the Elizabeth Cross.

Circumstance of death

[edit]
  • A person's death occurred directly as a result of them taking action whilst in the course of their duty;
  • A person was targeted on or off duty, as a result of their role or action they had taken;
  • A person's death occurred during an operational call out, whether this was routine or for an emergency, whereby they died as a result of their response to the call;
  • A person's death occurred due to them acting in assisting in an emergency situation that they were trained for, even if they were not formally on duty at the time;
  • A person's death that occurred as a result of illness or injury attributable to their service; and,
  • At the time of the person's death or during serving their organisation, they were not engaging in a criminal act or in such a way to place themselves or others at additional risk to their life.

Occurrence of death

[edit]
  • A person's death must have occurred on or after 1 January, 1948; or,
  • A person's death must have taken place in Palestine between 27 September 1945 and 31 December 1947.

Nationality

[edit]
  • A person who has died may be of any nationality; however, if they were not a British citizen, the granting of the Emblem will be on agreement of the state in which they held citizenship.

List of potential recipients

[edit]

This is a list of potential recipients of the Elizabeth Emblem as collated from other articles on emergency service workers who have died in the line of duty.

Name Rank/Role Age Force/Service Date of death Circumstances
Graham Saville Sgt 46 Nottinghamshire Police 29 August 2023 Fatally injured after being struck by a train trying to reach a distressed man on the track.[a]
Matt Ratana Sgt 54 Metropolitan Police 25 September 2020 Shot while a man was being detained in a police custody centre.[5][6]
Nicholas Dumphreys PC 47 Cumbria Police 26 January 2020 Car accident caused by known fault within the N57 engine in the BMW police vehicle he was driving whilst responding to emergency call.[7][8]
Jonathan Marc Hicken DC 47 Dorset Police 6 October 2019 Collapsed and died while travelling to duty.[9]
Andrew Harper PC 28 Thames Valley Police 15 August 2019 Dragged by vehicle while investigating a burglary report.[10]
Gareth Browning PC 36 Thames Valley Police 1 April 2017 Struck by suspect vehicle while deploying a stinger in 2013.[11]
Keith Palmer PC 48 Metropolitan Police 22 March 2017 Stabbed during Westminster terrorist attack.
David Phillips PC 34 Merseyside Police 5 October 2015 Run over whilst attempting to deploy a Stop Stick device in a pursuit.[12][13][14]
Phillipa Reynolds PC 27 Police Service Northern Ireland 9 February 2013 Killed when a stolen car hit her police car.[15]
Adele Yvette Cashman DC 30 Metropolitan Police 5 November 2012 Collapsed while pursuing robbery suspects.[16]
Fiona Bone PC 32 Greater Manchester Police 18 September 2012 Killed in gun and grenade ambush.
Nicola Hughes PC 23
Ian Dibell GM PC 41 Essex Police 9 July 2012 Shot while off duty and confronting an armed man.[17]
Ronan Kerr PC 25 Police Service Northern Ireland 2 April 2011 Killed by a Republican terrorist car bomb outside his home.[15]
Alan Bannon WF 38 Hampshire Fire and Rescue Service 6 April 2010 Bannon and a colleague were responding to a fire in a tower block in Southampton. Firefighters had difficulties fighting the fire and the coroner's report stated that Bannon and Shears had died after being exposed to "sudden exposure to initially intense heat from 20.38 to 20.41 and thereafter to excessive heat while dealing with a fire in a flat on the 9th floor of the high-rise tower block Shirley Towers".[18][19]
Gary Toms PC 37 Metropolitan Police 11 April 2009 Thrown from police vehicle during pursuit.[20]
Stephen Carroll PC 48 Police Service Northern Ireland 9 March 2009 Shot by Republican terrorists whilst responding to 999 call.[15]
Brian Dean WF 49 West Midlands Fire Service 3 December 2008 Dean and his crew (Bluewatch) from Bloxwich Fire Station were returning after dealing with an overturned car incident. Dean suffered a fatal heart attack.[21]
Kevin Declan Gorman PC 24 Police Service Northern Ireland 23 November 2008 Car accident whilst responding to emergency call.[15]
Declan Greene PC 39
James Robert Bawn Magee PC 27
Kenneth Thomas Irvine PC 30
Ian James Morton DC 32 Dorset Police 26 October 2008 Killed in a road traffic collision whilst travelling to report for duty at Bournemouth, in the early morning, when his vehicle left the road and crashed into the wall of a bungalow at Highcliffe.[22]
John Averis WF 27 Warwickshire Fire and Rescue Service 2 November 2007 The 2007 Warwickshire warehouse fire: a fire broke out at a vegetable packing warehouse near to Atherstone-on-Stour in Warwickshire in November 2007. Averis and two colleagues, Ashley Stephens and Darren Yates-Bradley, were not recovered for four days afterwards due to the instability of the structure after it had collapsed. A fourth colleague, Ian Reid, was pulled from the burning building alive, but died later in hospital.[23]
Jonathan Charles Henry PC 36 Bedfordshire Police 11 June 2007 Stabbed.
Richard Gray PC 43 West Mercia Constabulary 6 May 2007 Shot.[24]
Joseph Geoffrey Carroll PC 46 Northumbria Police 13 April 2006 Traffic collision while transporting a prisoner[20]
Sharon Beshenivsky PC 38 West Yorkshire Police 18 November 2005 Shot while responding to an armed robbery.[20]
Billy Faust WF 36 London Fire Brigade 20 July 2004 Faust and his colleague, Adam Meere, were in the basement of a burning building in Bethnal Green, London. An inquest into their deaths later stated that fire officers had not realised the strength of the flames and that a hose had been burnt through. It was also suggested that when colleagues opened doors to vent the building, a flashover occurred and burnt the men to death.[25][26]
Michael Swindells DC 44 West Midlands Police 21 May 2004 Stabbed.[20]
Ian Nigel Broadhurst PC 34 West Yorkshire Police 26 December 2003 Shot during the Leeds police shootings.[20]
Andrew James PC 38 South Wales Police 2 August 2003 Accidentally run over while pursuing suspect.[27][b]
Andrew Edmund Clinton WF 53 West Midlands Fire Service 17 March 2003 Clinton was working at the top of a hydraulic platform at Bournbrook Fire Station when he fell sustaining fatal injuries.[28]
Stephen Robin Oake DC 40 Greater Manchester Police 14 January 2003 Stabbed.[20]
Gerald Walker PC 42 Nottinghamshire Police 9 January 2003 Run over.
Andrew Carl Munn PC 37 Leicestershire Constabulary 15 August 2002 Rammed by vehicle being pursued.[29]
Bryan Moore PC 39
Alison Armitage PC 29 Greater Manchester Police 5 March 2001 Run over by suspect.[20]
Jon Odell PC 30 Kent Police 19 December 2000 While conducting speed checks was intentionally run over by disqualified driver.[30][31]
Raja Bashrat Ahmed PC 35 Greater Manchester Police 31 August 1999 Motorcycle rammed into oncoming traffic by suspect.[32]
Clive Barratt DC 35 Suffolk Constabulary 28 July 1999 Motorcycle accident while on surveillance duty.[33]
Ian Leslie Toomer Insp 50 Dorset Police 20 April 1999 Killed in a road collision when his police car crashed in wet weather.
Nina Alexandra MacKay WPC 25 Metropolitan Police 24 October 1997 Stabbed.[34]
Stephen Wilson PC 37 Dorset Police 16 May 1996 Fatally injured in a motorcycle collision while reporting for night duty.
Phillip John Walters PC 28 Metropolitan Police 18 April 1995 Shot.
Lewis George Fulton PC 28 Strathclyde Police 17 June 1994 Stabbed.[35][c]
Derek Robertson Sgt 39 Metropolitan Police 9 February 1994 Stabbed during post office robbery.[36][37]
Richard Ellerker PC 42 North Yorkshire Police 26 December 1993 Collapsed and died shortly after arresting a violent, drunk suspect.[38]
Hugh John Moore Cmdr 64 City of London Police 4 December 1993 Collapsed after an arrest.
Patrick Dunne PC 44 Metropolitan Police 20 October 1993 Fatally shot while attending domestic dispute.[39]
John Davies RF 34 Hereford and Worcester Fire and Rescue Service 6 September 1993 During a fire at the Sun Valley poultry processing plant in Hereford, a ceiling collapsed and trapped Davies and his colleague Dave Morris. Both died at the scene.[40][41]
William 'Bill' Forth PS 34 Northumbria Police 21 March 1993 Beaten and stabbed to death after answering a 999 call.[42]
Glenn Thomas Goodman SPC 37 North Yorkshire Police 7 June 1992 Shot by IRA member Paul Magee during routine traffic stop[43]
Sean Oxford SPC 21 Dorset Police 7 May 1992 Collapsed and died during warm up exercises in preparation for self defence training.
Alan King PS 41 Metropolitan Police 29 November 1991 Stabbed while questioning a male suspected of handling stolen goods.[44]
Duncan Clift PC 27 Kent Police 22 March 1991 Killed off duty while trying to arrest car thief.[45]
Robert Chenery Gladwell PC 37 Metropolitan Police 6 January 1991 Died three weeks after being assaulted while carrying out an arrest.[46]
Laurence Peter Brown PC 27 Metropolitan Police 28 August 1990 Shot.[47]
Raymond Anthony Codling Insp 49 Greater Manchester Police 14 September 1989 Shot.[48]
Gavin Carlton PC 29 West Midlands Police 19 December 1988 Shot while attempting to arrest armed bank robbers.[49]
Francis John Mason PC 27 Hertfordshire Constabulary 14 April 1988 Shot while off-duty, attempting to prevent an armed robbery. Posthumously awarded the Queen's Gallantry Medal.[50][51]
Ernest David 'Dave' Gregory RF 46 Dorset Fire and Rescue Service 16 October 1987 Gregory and his colleague, Graham White, were killed instantly when a tree fell on the front of the cab of their fire appliance, whilst driving between incidents on the night of the 1987 Great Storm.[52][53]
Roger Brereton PC 41 Thames Valley Police 19 August 1987 Shot in the Hungerford massacre.[54]
Ronan McCloskey PC 25 Metropolitan Police 9 May 1987 Struck by motor vehicle by suspected drink driver trying to escape.[55]
Ian Wain Woodward PC 33 Lancashire Police 25 February 1987 Shot after challenging poacher off-duty.[56]
John Taylor PC 26 Staffordshire Police 23 November 1986 Pushed from roof while arresting burglars.[57]
Keith Henry Blakelock PC 40 Metropolitan Police 6 October 1985 Stabbed in the Broadwater Farm riot.[58]
John William Fordham DC 45 Metropolitan Police 26 January 1985 Stabbed during the Brink's-Mat robbery.
John Speed PS 39 West Yorkshire Police 31 October 1984 Shot while going to aid of a colleague who had been fired on near Leeds Parish Church.[59]
Brian John Bishop A/Sgt 37 Essex Police 27 August 1984 Shot.
Yvonne Joyce Fletcher WPC 25 Metropolitan Police 17 April 1984 Shot.[60]
Jane Philippa Arbuthnot WPC 22 Metropolitan Police 17 December 1983 Killed in the Harrods bombing.[61]
William Ross Hunt DS 56 Strathclyde Police 5 June 1983 Fatally stabbed and beaten when members of a suspect’s family attacked him and other officers with knives and other weapons as he attempted to arrest the man for serious assault.
Kenneth Frederick Innell Insp 44 Dorset Police 13 December 1982 Collapsed and died during an incident on duty at Poole Quay.
Mandy Dawn Rayner WPC 18 Hertfordshire Constabulary 13 October 1982 Vehicle struck during police pursuit. She was the first British woman police officer to be killed in service.[62]
John Donley WF 26 County Durham and Darlington Fire and Rescue Service 5 September 1982 Donley and his colleague, Tony Hall, were killed when their fire engine overturned en route to a chimney fire in South Hetton.[63]
Robin John Gleeson WF 29 West Midlands Fire Service 19 August 1982 Gleeson sustained fatal head injuries whilst fighting a fire in a paper factory in Walsall.[64]
Jim Porter DC 31 Durham Constabulary 4 March 1982 Shot in pursuit of armed robbers.[65]
David Thomas Winter Sgt 31 North Yorkshire Police 28 June 1982 Shot by Barry Prudom.[66]
David Ian Haigh PC 25 North Yorkshire Police 17 June 1982
Kenneth Robert Howorth CEO 49 Metropolitan Police 26 October 1981 Killed by an IRA bomb.
Raymond Davenport PC 42 Merseyside Police 4 July 1981 Killed whilst attempting to stop a stolen vehicle.[67]
Glenn Russell Corder PC 18 Durham Constabulary 6 February 1980 Vehicle crashed during police pursuit.[68]
Desmond Derrick Kellam PC 31 Wiltshire Constabulary 3 October 1979 Fatally injured during an arrest.[69]
Christopher McDonald PC 19 Nottinghamshire Police 17 May 1978 Beaten.[70]
David Barnes — — Berkshire Fire and Rescue Service 15 September 1977 Barnes was engaged in fighting a fire in Elgar Road, Reading, when the building collapsed onto him.[71]
Neil Goldsmith — — Berkshire Fire and Rescue Service 15 September 1977 Goldsmith was engaged in fighting a fire in Elgar Road, Reading when the building collapsed onto his colleague (David Barnes). When Goldmsmith went in to try to rescue Barnes, the building suffered a total collapse and killed both men.[72]
Ian Robert Collier WF 22 West Midlands Fire Service 29 May 1977 Collier was fighting a fire on a railway embankment in Solihull. He was struck by a railway locomotive and suffered fatal injuries. He had only been a firefighter for five months.[73]
Hylton Brearley — 37 West Yorkshire Fire and Rescue Service 9 December 1976 Brearley was killed in Netherton when the appliance that he was in overturned on ice whilst en route to a callout.[74]
George William Barrett WF 43 West Midlands Fire Service 2 December 1976 Barrett was killed in a vehicle accident whilst en route to a fire inspection.[75]
Brian Dawson Sgt 42 Leicestershire Police 1 September 1975 Shot during a siege in West Knighton, near Leicester. Two others were also shot dead, with the gunman later being imprisoned on charges of manslaughter.[76][77][78]
Roger Philip Goad CEO 40 Metropolitan Police 25 August 1975 Killed by an IRA bomb.
Stephen Andrew Tibble PC 21 Metropolitan Police 26 February 1975 Shot while assisting colleague when off-duty.[79][d]
Robert Bell WF 29 Kent Fire and Rescue Service 8 November 1974 Bell and another firefighter, David Holley, were investigating smoke in a building full of latex mattresses on HMS Pembroke in Chatham Dockyard. It was believed that a flashover occurred and killed the men outright, but it was not known exactly what caused the flashover that resulted in their deaths. Investigations by the Fire Research Station later determined that a smouldering cigarette could cause latex to decompose at low temperatures and allow flammable fumes to accumulate. It was assumed that whilst searching for the seat of the fire, the two firemen turned over one of the smouldering mattresses which allowed an explosive mix of air and flammable vapour to mix and thereby cause an explosion.[80][81]
Dennis Arthur Smith PC 44 Devon and Cornwall Police 21 December 1973 Shot after high speed pursuit.[82]
Karpal Kaur Sandhu PC 30 Metropolitan Police 4 November 1973 Fatally injured during an arrest.[83]
Derek George William Andrews WF 32 City of Birmingham Fire Brigade 25 August 1972 Andrews was fighting a factory fire in Tenby street when the building collapsed onto him. He received fatal injuries.[84]
Alastair Crofts WF 31 Glasgow Fire Service 25 August 1972 The Kilbirnie Street fire: Bermingham and five others had gone into a burning building to recover a missing fireman at a cash and carry warehouse on Kilbirnie Street in Glasgow. Fireman Rook was listed as missing and as the six-man team were trying to recover him, an extreme flashover event that caused the temperature to be instantly raised to over 1,000 °C (1,830 °F) occurred and all seven died.[85][86]
Allan Finlay WF 20
Iain Bermingham WF 29
Peter Guthrie PC 21 West Midlands Police 22 July 1972 Shot.[87]
Gerry Irving Richardson Supt 38 Lancashire Constabulary 23 August 1971 Shot.
Douglas Frederick Beckerson PC 22 Metropolitan Police 10 April 1971 Fell through a roof while pursuing suspect.[88]
Barry Taylor Insp 30 West Yorkshire Police 15 February 1970 Shot while responding to a burglary.[89]
Edward Alexander Barnett PC 24 City of Glasgow Police 4 January 1970 Shot during the Linwood bank robbery.
Angus MacLeod MacKenzie A/DC 31 City of Glasgow Police 30 December 1969
John Appleby — — London Fire Brigade 13 July 1969 The Dudgeon's Wharf Explosion: the London Fire Brigade had been called out to a tank farm on the Isle of Dogs in East London when one of the tanks being demolished caught fire. Whilst five firemen were atop the structure trying to pour water in from the top to cool the tank, a worker on the site used a cutting torch to remove an inspection plate at the base of the tank. A spark from the torch ignited the air/gas mix and the tank exploded killing the five firemen and the civilian torch-cutter.[90]
Michael Gamble — —
Paul Carvosso — —
Terence Breen — —
Edmund Burt — 23[e] Western Fire Brigade 7 October 1968 Firefighters from the Western Fire Brigade (later Strathclyde), had brought a fire at a papermill in Linwood under control when a wall collapsed and buried four people. Burt died from injuries sustained by falling masonry.[91][92]
Desmond Morgan Acreman PC 33 Metropolitan Police 12 February 1967 Accidentally run over while pursuing suspected thieves in Woolwich.[93][f]
Geoffrey Fox PC 41 Metropolitan Police 12 August 1966 Shot in the Shepherd's Bush Murders.[20]
Christopher Head DS 30
David Wombwell DC 25
Gordon Robert Dix WF 52 Norfolk Fire and Rescue Service 16 February 1966 Dix and two colleagues died when they were overcome by smoke at a bunker on RAF Neatishead in Norfolk. The fire had been started deliberately and caused over one and half million pounds worth of damage. Because of the potential for confusion in smoke or complicated building layouts, a knotted guide line was introduced nationally after this fire to assist firefighters to identify the correct way to the exit.[94]
Herbert James Durrant WF 52
Reginald Deveson RF 56 Kent Fire Brigade 11 May 1965 Deveson was helping to put out a fire aboard a ship carrying jute and oil-cake stranded on Deal beach. He had already been at the scene for sometime when he said he was feeling unwell, by the time that a doctor had arrived on the Walmer lifeboat, Deveson had died.[95]
J Calderwood — 58 Lanarkshire Fire Brigade 7 January 1963 Calderwood and a colleague, McIntosh, were fighting a fire in a paint store at Colville's Steel Works in Bellshill, Mossend. An explosion ripped through the building killing McIntosh instantly; Calderwood died in hospital eight days later.[96]
John J Buist DO 52 Angus Fire Brigade 13 April 1962 Buist, a Divisional Officer, was killed when a bale of jute fell on him whilst tackling a fire in Dundee.[97]
Ernest Southern PC 35 Lancashire Constabulary 27 January 1962 Collapsed attending a violent street affray.[98][g]
Alexander Grassie WF — Glasgow Fire Service 28 March 1960 The Cheapside Street whisky bond fire. Allan, along with 13 other Glasgow Fire Service colleagues and five from the Glasgow Salvage Corps, were killed at the whisky bond warehouse owned by Arbuckle, Smith & Co. Over a 1,000,000 imperial gallons (4,500,000 L; 1,200,000 US gal) of alcohol was stored on the site and a combination of secure-proof building design and narrow streets hampered the efforts of the firefighters. As the alcohol was superheated, a massive explosion ruptured the walls outwards and covered the firefighters on two different streets with falling masonry; one turntable ladder and its crew were completely covered in rubble. 19 firefighters died in all, in what was described as Britain's worst firefighter disaster since the Second World War.[99]
Alfred Dickinson WF —
Archibald Darroch WF —
Daniel Davidson WF —
Christopher Boyle WF —
James Allan WF —
James Calder WF —
William Clark WF 47
William Crocket WF —
Ronald Alan Addison PC 24 Metropolitan Police 24 January 1960 Collapsed and died of heart failure while pursuing suspects.[100]
Edward Roy Dorney PC 24 Metropolitan Police 1 January 1960 Killed along with Police Dog Gus when hit by a train whilst pursuing burglary suspects.[101]
Jack Fourt-Wells WF 46 London Fire Brigade 23 January 1958 Smithfield Poultry Market in the Smithfield district of London, burnt down in January 1958. Fourt-Wells and another firefighter, Richard Stocking, became lost in the basement labyrinth beneath the market and were not missed nor reported missing until it was too late.[note 1][102][103]
Albert Farrow RF 44 Kent Fire Brigade 29 November 1957 A fire had engulfed the tailor's shop at Oakwood Hospital in Maidstone. The fire was successfully extinguished, but without warning, an adjacent 115-foot (35 m) tower collapsed on those performing dampening down operations. Many people were trapped under the rubble and three firemen and three hospital staff were killed.[104][105]
Cecil Robert Budden PC 27 Dorset Constabulary (now Dorset Police) 19 May 1957 Fatally injured in a collision with a car while on motorcycle patrol.
Sidney George Miles PC 42 Metropolitan Police 2 November 1952 Shot whilst responding to a burglary.
Robert Burrows WF 25 Salford Fire Brigade 1 March 1951 Burrows and his crew were on their way to a call in Weaste on the west side of Salford. The fire appliance they were on was a type where the firefighters rode along the outside of the vehicle and held on to a handrail. Whilst en route, the handrail snapped, Burrows and a colleague fell into the road where Burrows sustained head injuries and died.[106] Investigations later determined that water penetration had rotted the wood where the screws affixed it to the appliance.[107]
Abbreviation Title Service Notes
ACC Assistant Chief Constable Police
A/ Acting/(rank) Police The prefix "acting" (e.g., acting inspector, abbreviated A/Insp) denotes an officer who is performing the role of a higher rank than the one actually held (sometimes informally termed "acting up").
CC Chief Constable Police Head of a police service (however, some forces, such as the Metropolitan Police Service, have a slightly different structure of chief officers, with the equivalent of Chief Constable being Commissioner).
CEO Police
Cmdr Commander Police
Ch.Insp Chief Inspector Police
Ch.Supt Chief Superintendent Police
DC Detective Constable Police
DCC Deputy Chief Constable Police
DO Divisional Officer Fire & Rescue Service
Insp Inspector Police
OFS Other Firefighter Staff Fire & Rescue Service
PC Police Constable Police
PS Police Sergeant Police
SPC Special (Police) Constable Police Part of the Special Constabulary, officers with the same powers as regular colleagues, who perform duties voluntarily.
Supt Superintendent Police
T/ Temporary/(rank) Police The prefix "temporary" before a rank (e.g., temporary detective sergeant, abbreviated T/DS) denotes an officer who has been temporarily promoted to a rank (and so who does actually hold that rank, albeit temporarily).
TF Trainee Firefighter Fire & Rescue Service
WF Wholetime Firefighter Fire & Rescue Service
WPC Woman Police Constable Police The use of the word "Woman" was abolished by the Sex Discrimination Act 1975, but this was not implemented until the late 1990s.
RF Retained Firefighter Fire & Rescue Service

Notes

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  1. ^ Saville was struck on 24 August but died in hospital five days later
  2. ^ James was chasing a teenager in Cardiff following a break-in at Royal Welsh College of Music and Drama, he was struck by a passing car and died later at the University Hospital of Wales.
  3. ^ Fulton was stabbed after arriving at a disturbance involving an 18-year old youth in the Gorbals area of Glasgow, Fulton died in Glasgow Victoria Infirmary undergoing surgery.
  4. ^ Tibble stopped his motorcycle on Charleville Road, London, and attempted to stop a man who was running away from two plain clothes policemen, the man fired at Tibble and ran on. Tibble was wounded twice in the chest and died later at New Charing Cross Hospital
  5. ^ Age is disputed; either 22 or 23
  6. ^ Acreman was injured in the accident on 11 February but died the following day
  7. ^ Southern collapsed outside a hotel in Kirby near Liverpool while dealing with a disturbance, he later died in hospital from cerebral haemorrhage
  1. ^ The two officers were wearing Proto Breathing Apparatus (BA) sets. Their deaths prompted the LFB to initiate a review into BA sets and they style and use was updated. Additionally, a BA tracking board was introduced which meant that someone set back from the fire, knew the location of firefighters wearing BA sets when entering any burning building.

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b c "New award for emergency service staff who die in line of duty". BBC News. 9 March 2024. Retrieved 9 March 2024.
  2. ^ a b c "New 'Elizabeth Emblem' unveiled to commemorate public servants who died in line of duty". GOV.UK. Retrieved 2024-03-09.
  3. ^ a b c d e "The Elizabeth Emblem - application guidance and eligibility". GOV.UK. Retrieved 2024-03-09.
  4. ^ "The Elizabeth Emblem Statement made on 11 March 2024". parliament.uk. Retrieved 2024-06-30.
  5. ^ "Officer shot dead at police station". BBC News. 25 September 2020. Retrieved 25 September 2020.
  6. ^ "Croydon police officer shot dead named as Sgt Matt Ratana". BBC News. 25 September 2020. Retrieved 25 September 2020.
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  8. ^ "Nick Dumphreys: M6 crash police car had known engine fault". BBC North East & Cumbria. 20 December 2022. Retrieved 6 April 2023.
  9. ^ "Jonathan Marc Hicken". Jonathan Marc Hicken. Retrieved 2024-03-15.
  10. ^ Rawlinson, Kevin (19 August 2019). "Man, 20, charged with the murder of PC Andrew Harper". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 19 August 2019.
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  50. ^ "The London Gazette, Supplement 51938". thegazette.co.uk. 16 November 1989. p. 13299.
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  54. ^ Fort, Hugh (19 August 2020). "Looking back at the Hungerford massacre 33 years on". BerkshireLive.
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  56. ^ "Ian Wain Woodward". Police Remembrance Trust.
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Sources

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