Elizabeth Carraway Howland

Elizabeth Carraway Howland (November 20, 1816 – July 11, 1886; also Harland or Holland) was a Confederate spy during the American Civil War.^[1]^[2]^[3]^[4]

Union soldiers captured her town of New Bern, North Carolina. She made useful medicine for captured Confederate soldiers and helped Confederates smuggle food.^[5]

References

^ "Obituaries". Raleigh Christian Advocate. September 15, 1886. p. 5 – via Newspapers.com.
^ Nussel, Jill M. (2008). "Separate Spheres". In Frank, Lisa Tendrich (ed.). Women in the American Civil War. ABC-Clio. p. 494. ISBN 978-1-85109-600-8.
^ Simkins, Francis Butler; Patton, James Welch (1936). The Women of the Confederacy. Garrett and Massie. p. 78. OCLC 560467248.
^ Anderson, Lucy London (1926). North Carolina Women of the Confederacy. Cumberland Printing Co. p. 18. OCLC 1049904333.
^ Jill, Canon. Civil War Heroines. Santa Barbara, CA: Bellerphon Books, 2000.

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[1] "Obituaries". Raleigh Christian Advocate. September 15, 1886. p. 5 – via Newspapers.com.

[2] Nussel, Jill M. (2008). "Separate Spheres". In Frank, Lisa Tendrich (ed.). Women in the American Civil War. ABC-Clio. p. 494. ISBN 978-1-85109-600-8.

[3] Simkins, Francis Butler; Patton, James Welch (1936). The Women of the Confederacy. Garrett and Massie. p. 78. OCLC 560467248.

[4] Anderson, Lucy London (1926). North Carolina Women of the Confederacy. Cumberland Printing Co. p. 18. OCLC 1049904333.

[5] Jill, Canon. Civil War Heroines. Santa Barbara, CA: Bellerphon Books, 2000.

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