Einer Nielsen
Einer Nielsen (1894–1965) was a Danish physical medium and spiritualist.[1][2]
Life
[edit]Nielsen was born in Copenhagen, Denmark. He travelled in Europe giving séances and claimed to be able to produce spirit materializations.[3] He was originally investigated by the Danish Society for Psychical Research who produced a favourable report of his mediumship. However, the report was disputed by other researchers. Norwegian investigators suspected Nielsen to be a fraud and investigated him in 1922. The committee from the Kristiania University discovered that his ectoplasm was fake.[2][4] Due to the new report by the Norwegians which was negative and covered strongly by the Danish news media, the original report by the Danish Society for Psychical Research was seen as an embarrassment and several members resigned from the society.[2]
The psychical researcher Harry Price sat with Nielsen in Copenhagen with "unsatisfactory results."[5] Nielsen was also caught hiding his ectoplasm in his rectum.[6] In 1932, Johs Carstensen the leader of Nielsen's spiritualist circle wrote a pamphlet which exposed his tricks.[7] Nielsen continued to work as a medium until his death but was never considered credible again by people outside his small circle of influence. He published the book Solid Proofs of Survival in 1950.[8]
References
[edit]- ^ Kurtz, Paul. (1985). A Skeptic's Handbook of Parapsychology. Prometheus Books. p. 475. ISBN 978-0879753009
- ^ a b c Kragh, Jesper Vaczy. Danish Spiritualism, 1853–2012. In Christopher M. Moreman. The Spiritualist Movement: Speaking with the Dead in America and Around the World. Volume 1: American Origins and Global Proliferation. Praeger. pp. 77–78. ISBN 978-0-313-39947-3
- ^ Spence, Lewis. (2003). Encyclopedia of Occultism & Parapsychology. Kessinger Publishing. p. 652. ISBN 978-0766128170
- ^ Universitetskomiteen, Mediet Einer Nielsen, kontrolundersøkelser av universitetskomiteen i Kristiania (Kristiania 1922). Anonymous. Rapport fra den av Norsk Selskab for Psykisk Forskning nedsatte Kontrolkomité. Norsk Tidsskrift for Psykisk Forskning 1 (1921–1922), pp. 110–125.
- ^ Chapter The Mechanics of Mediumship. In Harry Price. (1939). Fifty Years of Psychical Research. Longmans, Green & Co.
- ^ Brower, M. Brady. (2010). Unruly Spirits: The Science of Psychic Phenomena in Modern France. University of Illinois Press. p. 171. ISBN 978-0252077517
- ^ Carstensen, Johs. (1932). Spiritismens Princip og Fejlgreb. Specielt: Afsløring af Mediet Einer Nielsen. Brandmose's Forlag.
- ^ Nielsen, Einer. (1950). Solid Proofs of Survival. Translated by Helmi Krohn. London: Psychic Book Club.
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