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Abdul Sattar Edhi

Coordinates: 25°03′N 67°29′E / 25.05°N 67.49°E / 25.05; 67.49
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Abdul Sattar Edhi
NI LPP
عبد ااستار ایدھی
Edhi, c. 2009
Born(1928-02-28)28 February 1928[1][2]
Bantva, Bantva Manavadar, British India
Died8 July 2016(2016-07-08) (aged 88)
Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan
Resting placeEdhi Village, Karachi
25°03′N 67°29′E / 25.05°N 67.49°E / 25.05; 67.49
Other namesAngel of Mercy[3]
The Richest Poor Man[4]
OrganizationEdhi Foundation
Spouse
​
(m. 1965)​
Children4
Awards
Websiteedhi.org

Abdul Sattar Edhi NI LPP (Urdu: عبد الستار ایدھی; 28 February 1928[6] – 8 July 2016)[1][7][2][8] was a Pakistani humanitarian, philanthropist and ascetic who founded the Edhi Foundation, which runs the world's largest ambulance network,[9] along with homeless shelters, animal shelters,[10] rehabilitation centres, and orphanages across Pakistan.[11]

Edhi's charitable activities expanded greatly in 1957 when an Asian flu epidemic originating in China swept through Pakistan and the rest of the world. Donations allowed him to buy his first ambulance the same year. He later expanded his charity network with the help of his wife Bilquis Edhi.[11][12] Following his death, his son Faisal Edhi took over as head of the Edhi Foundation.

Over his lifetime, the Edhi Foundation expanded, backed entirely by private donations from Pakistani citizens across class, which included establishing a network of 1,800 ambulances. By the time of his death, Edhi was registered as a parent or guardian of nearly 20,000 adopted children.[7] He is known amongst Pakistanis as the "Angel of Mercy" and is considered to be Pakistan's most respected and legendary figure.[3][13] In 2013, The Huffington Post claimed that he might be "the world's greatest living humanitarian".[14]

Edhi maintained a hands-off management style and was often critical of the corruption commonly found within the religious organizations, clergy and politicians.[15] He was a strong proponent of religious tolerance in Pakistan and extended his support to the victims of Hurricane Katrina and the 1985 famine in Ethiopia.[16][17] He was nominated several times for the Nobel Peace Prize. Edhi received several domestic as well as international awards such as Ramon Magsaysay Award[18] and the UNESCO-Madanjeet Singh Prize.[19]

He died in July 2016 and was buried with full state honours.

Early life

[edit]

Edhi was a Gujarati Muhajir born into a Memon Muslim family in Bantva, Gujarat, India. He publicly expressed that he was not a "very religious person", and that he was "neither for religion or against it".[20] On his faith, he stated that he was a "humanitarian", telling others that "empty words and long phrases do not impress God" and to "show Him your faith" through action.[21][22][23][24] His mother had brought him up teaching love and care for humans.

Edhi Foundation and Bilquis Edhi Trust

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Edhi dedicated his life to aiding the poor. Over the course of sixty years, he single-handedly changed the face of welfare in Pakistan.[25] He founded the Edhi Foundation.[6] Edhi was known for his ascetic lifestyle, owning only two pairs of clothes, never taking salary from his organization, and living in one room with kitchenette at the Foundation's headquarters in the heart of Karachi.[13][26][27][28] Additionally, his previously established welfare trust, named the Edhi Trust, was restarted with an initial sum of Rs.5000. The trust was later renamed after his wife as the Bilquis Edhi Trust.[29] Widely regarded and respected as a guardian and savior for the poor, Edhi began receiving numerous donations which allowed him to expand his services. As of 2016, the Edhi Foundation continues to grow in both size and service and currently remains the largest welfare organization in Pakistan. Since its inception, the Edhi Foundation has rescued over 20,000 abandoned infants, rehabilitated over 50,000 orphans, and has trained over 40,000 nurses.[30] It also runs more than 330 welfare centres throughout rural and urban Pakistan that operate as food kitchens, rehabilitation homes, shelters for abandoned women and children, and clinics for the mentally and physically challenged.[31]

The Edhi Foundation is funded entirely by private donations and full services are offered to people irrespective of ethnicity, religion or status.[32] It runs the world's largest volunteer ambulance service (operating over 1,500 of them) and offers 24-hour emergency services. It also operates free nursing homes, orphanages, clinics, women's shelters, and rehabilitation centres for drug addicts and the mentally ill.[33] Outside of its main base of operations in Pakistan, the Edhi Foundation has run relief operations in South Asia, the Middle East, Africa, the Caucasus region, Eastern Europe, and the United States. In 2005, the foundation donated US$100,000 to relief efforts after Hurricane Katrina.[34] As of 2020, the Foundation has international head offices present in the United States, United Kingdom, United Arab Emirates, Canada, Australia, Nepal, Bangladesh, India and Japan.[35]

In 2004, Edhi and his organization ran into trouble with the Pakistani Militants.[36] In 2014, the foundation was targeted and robbed of approximately US$500,000 and has been the victim of right-wing attacks and competition from Pakistan's militant far-right[37]

Travel issues

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In the early 1980s, Edhi was arrested by Israeli troops while he was entering Lebanon. In 2006, he was detained by authorities in Toronto, Canada, for over sixteen hours. In January 2008, U.S. immigration officials at the John F. Kennedy International Airport in New York City investigated him for over eight hours after seizing his passport and other documents. When asked by media officials about the frequent detentions, Edhi said: "The only explanation I can think of is my beard and my dress." His appearance in traditional Pakistani clothing and a long beard made him appear visibly Muslim and therefore, in a post-9/11 climate, prompted U.S. and Canadian travel authorities to keep him for additional questioning.[38]

Life in Karachi

[edit]

In 1965, Edhi married Bilquis Bado, a nurse who worked at an Edhi Trust dispensary.[39] They had four children, two daughters, and two sons.[3]

Bilquis became responsible for running the free maternity home at the foundation's headquarters in Mithandar, Karachi, where she raised her children on the top floor, and on the lower floors, ran the local delivery room, and organised the adoption of abandoned babies. These were babies who were dropped into a cradle placed outside every Edhi centre across the country or found dumped in trash piles in the streets. Often such babies were otherwise at risk of being killed because of being born out of wedlock or due to rape.[40]

Two men sitting together
Edhi with son Faisal in 2016

On 25 June 2013, Edhi was hospitalised at SIUT due to failing kidneys. He would reportedly be on dialysis for the rest of his life unless he found a kidney donor.[41]

The daily operations of the organisation during his ill health and after his passing were managed by his son Faisal Edhi (under the mentorship of Anwar Kazmi, 'the Maulana's Lieutenant', as his friend Eqbal Ahmad called him), wife Bilquis Edhi (1947-2022), and daughter Kubra (who runs the Edhi centre for women and children at Clifton).[30][42]

Death

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Organ Donation

[edit]

Edhi died on 8 July 2016 at the age of 88 due to kidney failure after having been placed on a ventilator. One of his last wishes was that his organs be donated for the use of the needy but due to his poor health, only his corneas were suitable for later use in the donation.[43] Edhi was an organ donor and after his death, in accordance with his wishes, his corneas were donated to two blind people.[44]

State funeral

[edit]

Prime Minister Sharif declared national mourning on the day following Edhi's death and announced a state funeral for him. He became the third person in Pakistan's history to receive a state gun carriage funeral after Muhammad Ali Jinnah and Zia-ul-Haq. He was the only Pakistani without a state authority or a state role to receive a state funeral. According to the Inter-Services Public Relations (ISPR), state honors were given to Edhi by a guard of honor and a 19-gun salute. Following the funeral he was laid to rest at Edhi Village on the outskirts of Karachi.[45]

Condolences

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The attendees at his Janazah (Islamic funeral prayer) included dignitaries such as Mamnoon Hussain (President of Pakistan), Raza Rabbani (Chairman of the Senate of Pakistan), Ishratul Ibad (Governor of Sindh), Syed Qaim Ali Shah and Shehbaz Sharif (the Chief Ministers of Sindh and Punjab, respectively), Raheel Sharif (Chief of Army Staff) along with Muhammad Zakaullah and Sohail Aman (the Chiefs of Staff of the Pakistani Navy and Air Force), at the National Stadium, Karachi.[46][47] Prominent Pakistani figures such as Maulana Tariq Jamil[48] and Pakistani−Canadian Sheikh Faraz Rabbani[49] often expressed their strong support for Edhi and his work.

Reactions to his death came from several high-ranking Pakistani officials, with then-Prime Minister Nawaz Sharif saying in an official statement: "We have lost a great servant of humanity. He was the real manifestation of love for those who were socially vulnerable, impoverished, helpless, and poor."[13] Chief of Army Staff Raheel Sharif called him a "true humanitarian".[3] He was called Pakistan's equivalent of Mother Teresa by India Today in 1990,[citation needed] and the BBC wrote that he was considered "Pakistan's most respected figure and was seen by some as a saint."[13]

Awards

[edit]

International awards

[edit]

National awards

[edit]

Honours

[edit]

On 8 July 2021, a statue of Edhi was installed at Hockey Chowk, Quetta.[63]

On 31 March 2017, a cupronickel commemorative coin was issued upon the recommendation of the State Bank of Pakistan to Prime Minister Nawaz Sharif, who decided to commemorate Edhi's services on the national level.[64] Edhi became the only social worker and the fifth Pakistani personality to have been honoured with a commemorative coin.[65]

On 28 February 2017, Google celebrated Edhi with a Google Doodle hailing his "super-efficient" ambulance service.[66]

In July 2016, the Defence Housing Authority renamed the 5 kilometre-long Beach Avenue in Clifton Beach, Karachi as 'Abdul Sattar Edhi Avenue'.[67][68]

On 8 July 2016 Pakistan Post issued a commemorative postage stamp in memory of Edhi.[69]

Nobel Peace Prize petitions

[edit]

In 2011, then-Prime Minister of Pakistan Yousaf Raza Gilani recommended Edhi for a nomination for the Nobel Peace Prize.[70]

In early 2016, a petition signed by 30,000 for a Nobel Peace Prize for Edhi was moved by Ziauddin Yousafzai, the father of Malala Yousafzai.[71] In her condolence message on Edhi's death, broadcast by BBC Urdu, Malala said that "as a Nobel Peace Prize winner, I hold the right to nominate people for the prize and I have nominated Abdul Sattar Edhi" adding that "even the coveted Nobel Prize cannot be a befitting tribute to Edhi's services for humanity".[72][73][74]

Literature

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Primary

[edit]

Abdul Sattar Edhi (1995), Breaking the Silence. Islamabad: National Bureau of Publications.

Tehmina Durrani (1996) Abdul Sattar Edhi, An Autobiography: A Mirror to the Blind. Karachi: A. Sattar Edhi Foundation.

Biography

[edit]

Lorenza Raponi; Michele Zanzucchi (2013), Half of Two Paisas: The Extraordinary Mission of Abdul Sattar Edhi and Bilquis Edhi, Translated from Italian by Lorraine Buckley, Oxford University Press, Pakistan.{{citation}}: CS1 maint: ref duplicates default (link)

[edit]

Steve Inskeep (October 2011), Instant City: Life and Death in Karachi. New York: Penguin Books.

Richard Covington; Shahidul Alam (2008), "What One Person Can Do: The Amazing Life of Abdul Sattar Edhi". In: What Matters: The World's Preeminent Photojournalists and Thinkers Depict Essential Issues of Our Time edited by David Elliot Cohen.

Richard Covington; Shahidul Alam (2004) Humanitarian to a Nation: Abdul Sattar Edhi AramcoWorld.

Children

[edit]

Amina Azfar (2014), Abdul Sattar Edhi. Graphic Stories series (in Urdu and English). Karachi: Oxford University Press.

Film

[edit]

Omar Mullick; Bassam Tariq (2013),These Birds Walk.
Amélie Saillez (2011), The Kingdom of Mister Edhi (Lastor Media).[75]
Peter Oborne (2011), Pakistan: Defenders of Karachi (Channel 4, April 2011, directed by Edward Watts, Quicksilver Media).[76]

See also

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Karachi-based philanthropists

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[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b Alam, Mukhtar (12 November 2006). "KARACHI: IBA awards doctorate to Sattar Edhi". Dawn. Retrieved 24 July 2022.
  2. ^ a b "Celebrated humanitarian Abdul Sattar Edhi passes away in Karachi". DAWN.COM. 8 July 2016. Retrieved 28 February 2017.
  3. ^ a b c d Ahmed, Munir (8 July 2016). "Pakistan's legendary 'Angel of Mercy' Abdul Edhi dies at age 88". Toronto Star. Retrieved 8 July 2016.
  4. ^ Khan, Hassan (26 April 2016). "Edhi: The richest poor man". The Express Tribune. Retrieved 1 April 2020.
  5. ^ Kohli, Suneeti Ahuja. "Angel of mercy". Khaleej Times. Retrieved 7 December 2020.
  6. ^ a b "Abdul Sattar Edhi: Why Google honours him today". www.aljazeera.com. Retrieved 3 July 2019.
  7. ^ a b Boone, Jon (13 July 2016). "Abdul Sattar Edhi obituary". The Guardian. Retrieved 28 February 2017.
  8. ^ "Land mafia taking over Edhi properties". Global Village Space. 5 November 2017. Retrieved 3 July 2019.
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  10. ^ "KARACHI: Animal care still a distant dream". Dawn. 22 July 2008. Retrieved 20 August 2017.
  11. ^ a b "Celebrated humanitarian Abdul Sattar Edhi passes away in Karachi". Dawn. 8 July 2016. Retrieved 9 July 2016.
  12. ^ Masood, Salman (8 July 2016). "Abdul Sattar Edhi, Pakistan's 'Father Teresa,' Dies at 88". The New York Times. Retrieved 9 July 2016.
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  14. ^ The World's Greatest Living Humanitarian May Be From Pakistan, The Huffington Post. Retrieved 24 March 2016
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  16. ^ (www.dw.com), Deutsche Welle. "Abdul Sattar Edhi – A life bigger than accolades | Asia | DW.COM | 8 July 2016". DW.COM. Retrieved 14 August 2016.
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  21. ^ "Profile: He Works Wonders in Pakistan: 'I am just a simple man,' Abdul Sattar Edhi says. 'A simple man trying to bring a social revolution. . . .'". LA Times. 30 March 1993. Edhi says he is a Muslim--but adds that human rights is his real religion.
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  34. ^ "Statement of American Ambassador David Hale on the Passing of Abdul Sattar Edhi | U.S. Embassy & Consulates in Pakistan". U.S. Embassy & Consulates in Pakistan. 11 July 2016. Retrieved 10 June 2018.
  35. ^ "Organizational Chart – Edhi Welfare Organization". Retrieved 15 July 2020.
  36. ^ "Muttahida denies Edhi's allegations". Dawn News. 22 November 2004.
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  39. ^ Richard Covington (2 September 2008). "What One Person Can Do". In David Elliot Cohen (ed.). What Matters: The World's Preeminent Photojournalists and Thinkers Depict Essential Issues of Our Time. Sterling Publishing. pp. 309–323. ISBN 978-1-4027-5834-8.
  40. ^ "Infanticide in Pakistan – DW – 04/11/2012". dw.com. Retrieved 10 January 2023.
  41. ^ Edhi suffers from kidney failure, to stay on dialysis rest of his life. The Express Tribune. 25 June 2013. Retrieved 24 March 2016.
  42. ^ Rani Singh: Edhi, Who Washed Discarded Dead Bodies And Was Pakistan's Only Free Health Provider, Has Died. Forbes, 9 July 2016.
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  44. ^ Imtiaz Ali (9 July 2016). "Edhi's eyes become source of vision for two blind persons". DAWN.COM. Retrieved 6 May 2023.
  45. ^ Times, The Sindh (9 July 2016). "Abdul Sattar Edhi laid to rest at the Edhi Village Karachi – The Sindh Times". thesindhtimes.com. Archived from the original on 15 August 2016. Retrieved 9 July 2016.
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  47. ^ "Army Chief, President, Senate Chairman, others offer Edhi's funeral". Dunya News. 9 July 2016. Retrieved 9 July 2016.
  48. ^ "Death Of Abdul Sattar Edhi Silent Message by Maulana Tariq Jameel". youtube.com. 3 August 2016. Archived from the original on 12 December 2021.
  49. ^ Rabbani, Faraz (8 July 2016). "The great Muslim philanthropist, Abdul-Sattar Edhi, returns to his Lord". SeekersGuidance.
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  53. ^ "Edhi | Foundation". www.edhi.org.au. Retrieved 10 January 2023.
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  55. ^ "UNESCO-Madanjeet Singh Prize – Laureates". UNESCO. Retrieved 25 March 2016.
  56. ^ "UNESCO-Madanjeet Singh Prize for the Promotion of Tolerance and Non-Violence (2009)" (PDF). UNESCO. 2009. Retrieved 25 March 2016.
  57. ^ "The Ahmadiyya Muslim Prize for the Advancement of Peace". The Ahmadiyya Muslim Community. Retrieved 9 July 2016.
  58. ^ "Video Speech by Edhi at the receipt of Ahmadiyya Muslim Peace Prize". YouTube. 5 April 2011. Retrieved 10 July 2016.
  59. ^ "Dailytimes – US expresses sorrow over Edhi's death". dailytimes.com.pk. 12 July 2016. Retrieved 24 July 2016.
  60. ^ "Pakistani phlanthropist, Abdul Sattar Edhi, dies aged 88". The Telegraph. Associated Press. 8 July 2016. ISSN 0307-1235. Retrieved 10 June 2018.
  61. ^ H. Merchant, Liaquat (12 July 2016). "Jinnah Award". Dawn. Retrieved 15 July 2016.
  62. ^ Tribune person of the year 2013: Your vote, our hero. The Express Tribune. 1 January 2014. Retrieved 24 March 2016
  63. ^ Shahid, Saleem (9 July 2021). "Edhi's statue installed in Quetta". DAWN.COM. Retrieved 9 July 2021.
  64. ^ Talqeen Zubairi (13 July 2016). "Special Edhi coin to be issued by State Bank". Dawn News. Retrieved 13 July 2016.
  65. ^ "State Bank unveils Rs.50 coin to commemorate Edhi". The News International. Associated Press of Pakistan. 31 March 2017. Retrieved 20 August 2017.
  66. ^ "Abdul Sattar Edhi: Why Google honours him today". Al Jazeera. 28 February 2017. Retrieved 28 February 2017.
  67. ^ "DHA Karachi renames Beach Avenue after Abdul Sattar Edhi". Express Tribune. Associated Press of Pakistan. 5 July 2016. Retrieved 20 August 2017.
  68. ^ "Karachi's Sea View renames as 'Abdul Sattar Edhi Avenue'". The News International. 13 July 2016. Retrieved 20 August 2017.
  69. ^ "Pakistan Post issues stamp to honour Edhi". The Express Tribune. 14 August 2016. Retrieved 28 August 2021.
  70. ^ "PM recommends Abdul Sattar Edhi for Nobel Peace Prize nomination". Express Tribune. 29 November 2011. Retrieved 18 July 2016.
  71. ^ "Campaign for Abdul Sattar Edhi to receive Nobel Peace Prize launched by father of Malala Yousafzai". Birmingham Mail. 13 January 2011. Retrieved 19 July 2016.
  72. ^ "No one deserves Nobel Peace Prize more than Abdul Sattar Edhi, says Malala". Dawn News. 9 July 2016. Retrieved 19 July 2016.
  73. ^ "No one deserves Nobel Peace Prize more than Abdul Sattar Edhi, says Malala Yousafzai". BBC Urdu. Retrieved 19 July 2016.
  74. ^ Malala Yousafzai: Abdul Sattar Edhi: A king without a crown. Herald, 8 July 2019.
  75. ^ Amélie Saillez (Lastor Media, 2011), The Kingdom of Mister Edhi
  76. ^ Peter Oborne, The day I met Abdul Sattar Edhi, a living saint Telegraph, 10 April 2008.
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