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Midland Main Line

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This article is about the railway line in the UK. For the former train operating company, see Midland Mainline (train operating company). For other rail lines, see Midland Line (disambiguation).

Midland Main Line
Engine with passenger carriages approacing on a left turn flanked by a stand of trees taken from an overbridge
East Midlands Trains High Speed Train at Tupton, near Clay Cross, in 2008
Overview
StatusOperational
OwnerNetwork Rail
Locale
Termini
Stations35 (London to Sheffield)
Service
TypeIntercity, commuter rail,
regional rail and heavy rail
SystemNational Rail
Operator(s)
Depot(s)
Rolling stock
History
OpenedStages between 1830s–1860s
Technical
Number of tracks2–4
Track gauge4 ft 8+1⁄2 in (1,435 mm) standard gauge
Loading gaugeW6–W8,[1] planned upgrade to W12[2]
Electrification25 kV 50 Hz AC OHLE
(London St Pancras to Corby)
Operating speedMaximum 125 mph (201 km/h)
Route map

(Click to expand)
Midland Railway
Legend
"New Road" (1870)
Masborough
Holmes
Wincobank
Brightside
Attercliffe Road
Sheffield Midland
Heeley
Millhouses
and Ecclesall
 Beauchief
Dore & Totley
Bradway Tunnel
 Dronfield
Unstone
Broomhouse Tunnel
 Sheepbridge
Tapton Junction

The Midland Main Line (MML), sometimes also spelt Midland Mainline, is a major railway line from London to Sheffield in Yorkshire via the East Midlands. It comprises the lines from London's St Pancras station via Leicester, Derby/Nottingham and Chesterfield.

Express passenger services on the line are operated by East Midlands Railway (EMR). The line is electrified between St Pancras and Corby, and the section south of Bedford forms a branch of the northern half of the Thameslink network, with a semi-fast service to Brighton and other suburban services. A northern part of the route, between Derby and Chesterfield, also forms part of the Cross Country Route operated by CrossCountry. Tracks from Nottingham to Leeds via Barnsley and Sheffield are shared with Northern. East Midlands Railway also operates regional and local services using parts of the line.

The Midland Main Line is undergoing a major upgrade of new digital signalling and full line electrification from London to Sheffield.[3] High Speed 2 was planned to branch onto the Midland Main Line at East Midlands Parkway railway station.[4]

History

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Midland Counties early developments

[edit]
The Midland Main Line (green) in relation to other main lines
British Rail APT-E built at Derby rail technical centre and extensively tested on the Midland Main Line its first run being on 25 July 1972 from Derby to Duffield

The Midland Main Line was built in stages between the 1830s and the 1870s. The earliest section was opened by the Midland Counties Railway between Nottingham and Derby on 4 June 1839.[5] On 5 May 1840 the section of the route from Trent Junction to Leicester was opened.[6]

The line at Derby was joined on 1 July 1840 by the North Midland Railway to Leeds Hunslet Lane via Chesterfield, Rotherham Masborough,[n 1] Swinton, and Normanton.

On 10 May 1844 the North Midland Railway, the Midland Counties Railway and the Birmingham and Derby Junction Railway merged to form the Midland Railway.

Midland Main Line southern extensions

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Without its own route to London, the Midland Railway relied upon a junction at Rugby with the London and Birmingham Railway line for access to the capital at London Euston. By the 1850s, the junction at Rugby had become severely congested. The Midland Railway employed Thomas Brassey to construct a new route from Leicester to Hitchin via Kettering, Wellingborough, and Bedford giving access to London via the Great Northern Railway from Hitchin.[7] The Crimean War resulted in a shortage of labour and finance, and only £900,000 (equivalent to £108,448,661 in 2023)[8] was available for the construction, approximately £15,000 for each mile (equivalent to £1,807,478 in 2023.[9] To reduce construction costs, the railway followed natural contours, resulting in many curves and gradients. Seven bridges and one tunnel were required, with 60 ft (18 m) cuttings at Desborough and Sharnbrook. There are also major summits at Kibworth, Desbrough and at Sharnbrook where a 1 in 119 gradient from the south over 3 miles (4.8 km) takes the line to 340 feet (104 m) above sea level. This route opened for coal traffic on 15 April 1857, goods on 4 May, and passengers on 8 May.[10] The section between Leicester and Bedford is still part of the Midland Main Line.

While this took some of the pressure off the route through Rugby, the GNR insisted that passengers for London alight at Hitchin, buying tickets in the short time available, to catch a GNR train to finish their journey. James Allport arranged a seven-year deal with the GN to run into Kings Cross for a guaranteed £20,000 a year (equivalent to £2,410,000 in 2023).[8] Through services to London were introduced in February 1858.[11]

This line met with similar capacity problems at Hitchin as the former route via Rugby, so a new line was constructed from Bedford via Luton to St Pancras[12] which opened on 1 October 1868.[9] The construction of the London extension cost £9 million (equivalent to £1023 million in 2023).[13]

As traffic built up, the Midland Railway opened a new deviation just north of Market Harborough railway station on 26 June 1885 to remove the flat crossing of the Rugby and Stamford Railway.[14]

Northernmost sections

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Plans by the Midland Railway to build a direct line from Derby to Manchester were thwarted in 1863 by the builders of the Buxton line who sought to monopolise on[clarification needed] the West Coast Main Line.

In 1870, the Midland Railway opened a new route from Chesterfield to Rotherham which went through Sheffield via the Bradway Tunnel.

The mid-1870s, saw the Midland line extended northwards through the Yorkshire Dales and Eden Valley on what is now called the Settle–Carlisle Railway.

Before the line closures of the Beeching era, the lines to Buxton and via Millers Dale during most years presented an alternate (and competing) main line from London to Manchester, carrying named expresses such as The Palatine and the "Blue Pullman" diesel powered Manchester – London service (the Midland Pullman). Express trains to Leeds and Scotland such as the Thames–Clyde Express mainly used the Midland's corollary Erewash Valley line, returned to it, and then used the Settle–Carlisle line. Expresses to Edinburgh Waverley, such as The Waverley travelled through Corby and Nottingham.

Under British Railways and privatisation

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Most Leicester-Nottingham local passenger trains were taken over by diesel units from 14 April 1958, taking about 51 minutes between the two cities.[15][full citation needed] When the Great Central Main Line closed in 1966, the Midland Main Line became the only direct main-line rail link between London and the East Midlands and parts of South Yorkshire.

The Beeching cuts and electrification of the West Coast Main Line brought an end to the marginally longer London–Manchester service via Sheffield.

In 1977, the Parliamentary Select Committee on Nationalised Industries recommended considering electrification of more of Britain's rail network, and by 1979 BR presented a range of options that included electrifying the Midland Main Line from London to Yorkshire by 2000.[16] By 1983, the line had been electrified from Moorgate to Bedford, but proposals to continue electrification to Nottingham and Sheffield were not implemented.

A Midland Mainline High Speed Train, introduced in 1983 by British Rail, at Nottingham in 2005

The introduction of the High Speed Train (HST) in May 1983, following the Leicester area resignalling, brought about an increase of the ruling line speed on the fast lines from 90 miles per hour (145 km/h) to 110 miles per hour (177 km/h).

Between 2001 and 2003, the line between Derby and Sheffield was upgraded from 100 miles per hour (161 km/h) to 110 miles per hour (177 km/h) as part of Operation Princess, the Network Rail funded CrossCountry route upgrade.

In January 2009, a new station, East Midlands Parkway, was opened between Loughborough and Trent Junction, to act as a park-and-ride station for suburban travellers from East Midlands cities and to serve nearby East Midlands Airport.[17]

Since then, 125 miles per hour (201 km/h) running has been introduced on extended stretches. Improved signalling, increased number of tracks, and the revival of proposals to extend electrification from Bedford to Sheffield are underway. Much of this £70 million upgrade, including some line-speed increases, came online on 9 December 2013 (see below).[18]

Network Rail route strategy for freight 2007

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Network Rail published a Route Utilisation Strategy for freight in 2007;[19] over the coming years a cross-country freight route will be developed enhancing the Birmingham to Peterborough Line, increasing capacity through Leicester, and remodelling Syston and Wigston junctions.

Network Rail 2010 route plan

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Near Felmerham
Bridges over the Midland Main Line have been replaced to allow greater clearances for electrification and larger rolling stock. Before (top) and after (bottom) the 2014 upgrade.

Traffic levels on the Midland Main Line are rising faster than the national average, with continued increases predicted. In 2006, the Strategic Rail Authority produced a Route Utilisation Strategy for the Midland Main Line to propose ways of meeting this demand;[20] Network Rail started a new study in February 2008 and this was published in February 2010.[21][22][23][24]

After electrification, the North Northamptonshire towns (Wellingborough, Kettering, and Corby) are planned to have an additional 'Outer Suburban service' into London St Pancras, similar to the West Midlands Trains' Crewe – London Euston services, to cater for the growing commuter market. North Northamptonshire is a major growth area, with over 7,400 new homes planned to be built in Wellingborough[25] and 5,500 new homes planned for Kettering.[26][27]

Highlights include:[28]

  • Work related to line speed increases, removing foot crossings and replacing with footbridges
  • Capacity enhancements for freight
  • Re-signalling of the entire route, expected to be complete by 2016 when all signalling will be controlled by the East Midlands signalling centre in Derby[29]
  • Rebuilding Bedford and Leicester[30]
  • Accessibility enhancements at Elstree & Borehamwood, Harpenden, Loughborough, Long Eaton, Luton, and Wellingborough by 2015[31][needs update]
  • Upgraded approach signalling (flashing yellow aspects) added at key junctions – Radlett, Harpenden, and Leagrave allowing trains to traverse them at higher speeds[needs update]
  • Lengthening of platforms at Wellingborough, Kettering, Market Harborough, Loughborough, Long Eaton, and Beeston stations as well as work related to the Thameslink Programme (see below)
  • Realignment of the track and construction of new platforms to increase the permissible speed through Market Harborough station from 60 mph to 85 mph saving 30–60 seconds
  • Electrification (see below)
  • Re-doubling the Kettering to Oakham Line between Kettering North Junction and Corby as well as re-signalling to Syston Junction via Oakham, allowing a half hourly London to Corby passenger service (from an infrastructure perspective) from December 2017 and creating additional paths for rail freight.[27][32]
[edit]
New station building at West Hampstead Thameslink

The Thameslink Programme has lengthened the platforms at most stations south of Bedford to 12-car capability. St Pancras, Cricklewood, Hendon, and Luton Airport Parkway were already long enough, but bridges at Kentish Town mean it cannot expand beyond the current 8-car platform length. West Hampstead Thameslink has a new footbridge and a new station building. In September 2014 the current Thameslink Great Northern franchise was awarded and trains on this route are currently operated by Thameslink. In 2018 the Thameslink network expanded when some Southern services merged into it.

Station improvements

[edit]

In 2013/14 Nottingham station was refurbished and the platforms restructured.

As part of Wellingborough's Stanton Cross development, Wellingborough station is to be expanded.[33]

Ilkeston between Nottingham and Langley Mill was opened on 2 April 2017.[34]

Two new stations are planned:

Some new stations have been proposed:

Extension of electrification

[edit]
Main article: Proposed railway electrification in Great Britain
Main article: Midland Main Line railway upgrade
Electrification work and track being relaid at Wellingborough in 2019

Unlike the West Coast and East Coast Main Lines, the Midland Main Line has not been electrified along its full length. The line was electrified as far as Bedford in the early 1980s, but services relied on diesel traction beyond that.

In 2011 work commenced to extend the electrification, including to both Corby and Nottingham. Increasing costs initially saw this terminated at Kettering in 2017, but in 2021 work began on extending electrification to Market Harborough with plans to extend further to Sheffield.[41][42][43][44]

In May 2022, a briefing to contractors was released ahead of an invitation to tender for Midland Mainline Electrification project work to extend electrification to Nottingham and Sheffield. This scheme is expected to cost £1.3 billion.[45]

2021 Integrated Rail Plan

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Main article: Integrated Rail Plan for the North and Midlands

In November 2021 the Government announced its Integrated Rail Plan for the North and Midlands which made a number of proposals for the Midland Main Line. These included a commitment to complete the stalled electrification work, an upgrade to digital signalling, and a connection to High Speed 2. The latter would see a junction built south of East Midlands Parkway station rather than the previous plan of an East Midlands Hub further north on the Toton sidings. This will allow HS2 services to connect to both Derby and Nottingham city centres directly using the MML for access, which was a criticism of the previous HS2 eastern leg proposal.[4]

Route definition

[edit]

The term Midland Main Line has been used from the late 1840s to describe any route of the Midland Railway on which express trains were operated.

It is first recorded in print in 1848 in Bradshaw's railway almanack of that year.[46] In 1849 it begins to be mentioned regularly in newspapers such as the Derby Mercury.[47]

In 1867, the Birmingham Journal uses the term to describe the new railway running into St Pancras railway station.[48]

In 1868, the term was used to describe the Midland Railway main route from North to South through Sheffield[49] and also on routes to Manchester, Leeds and Carlisle.

Under British Rail the term was used to define the route between St Pancras and Sheffield, but since then, Network Rail has restricted it in its description of Route 19[50] to the lines between St. Pancras and Chesterfield.

Accidents

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Operators

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East Midlands Railway Class 222 at Leicester
Thameslink Class 700

East Midlands Railway

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The principal operator is East Midlands Railway, which operates four InterCity trains every hour from London St Pancras with two trains per hour to both Nottingham and Sheffield. EMR use Class 222 Meridian trains in various carriage formations for its InterCity services.

EMR also operate a twice hourly commuter service from London St Pancras to Corby, which is branded as EMR Connect, using Class 360 Desiro electric trains.[51]

[edit]

Thameslink provides frequent, 24-hour[52] commuter services south of Bedford as part of its Thameslink route to London Bridge, Gatwick Airport, Brighton, and Sutton, using 8-car and 12-car electric Class 700 trains.[53]

Other operators

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CrossCountry runs an hourly service between Derby and Sheffield on its route between the South West and North East, and twice-hourly services between Nottingham and Derby, continuing to Birmingham and Cardiff. Northern runs an hourly service from Leeds to Nottingham via Barnsley and Alfreton. TransPennine Express also operates in the Sheffield area.

Route description

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The cities, towns and villages served by the MML are listed below. Stations in bold have a high usage. This table includes the historical extensions to Manchester (where it linked to the West Coast Main Line) and Carlisle (via Leeds where it meets with the 'modern' East Coast Main Line).

Network Rail groups all lines in the East Midlands and the route north as far as Chesterfield and south to London as route 19. The actual line extends beyond this into routes 10 and 11.

London to Nottingham and Sheffield (Network Rail Route 19)

[edit]
Station Village/town/city and county Ordnance Survey
grid reference 		Year opened Step free access No. of platforms Usage 2015/16
(millions) 		Branches and loops
London St Pancras St Pancras, London 1868 15 Increase 31.724 High Speed 1 diverges north of St Pancras
Kentish Town Kentish Town, London 1868 4 Increase 2.844 Branch from to Gospel Oak to Barking line north of station
West Hampstead Thameslink West Hampstead, London 1871 4 Increase 3.710
Cricklewood Cricklewood, London 1868 4 Decrease 1.057 Dudding Hill Line diverges north of Cricklewood
Brent Cross West Brent Cross, London 2023 4 Dudding Hill Line diverges south of Brent Cross
Hendon Hendon, London 1868 4 Decrease 1.178
Mill Hill Broadway Mill Hill, London grid reference TQ213918 1868 4 Decrease 1.949
Elstree & Borehamwood Borehamwood, Hertfordshire 1868 4 Decrease 3.382
Radlett Radlett, Hertfordshire grid reference TQ164998 1868 4 Decrease 1.188
St Albans City St Albans, Hertfordshire grid reference TL155070 1868 4 Decrease 7.451
Harpenden Harpenden, Hertfordshire grid reference TL137142 1868 4 Increase 3.337
Luton Airport Parkway Luton, Bedfordshire grid reference TL105205 1999 4 Increase 3.188
Luton Luton, Bedfordshire grid reference TL092216 1868 5 Increase 3.626
Leagrave Leagrave, Luton, Bedfordshire grid reference TL061241 1868 4 Increase 1.915
Harlington Harlington, Bedfordshire grid reference TL034303 1868 4 Increase 0.336
Flitwick Flitwick, Bedfordshire grid reference TL034350 1870 4 Increase 1.480
Bedford Midland Bedford, Bedfordshire grid reference TL041497 1859 5 Increase 3.830 Marston Vale line diverges south of Bedford
Wellingborough Wellingborough, Northamptonshire grid reference SP903681 1857 4 Increase 0.969
Kettering Kettering, Northamptonshire grid reference SP863780 1857 4 Increase 1.042 Oakham–Kettering line diverges north of Kettering at Glendon Jun
via Corby & diversion route
Corby Corby, Northamptonshire grid reference SP891886 2009 1 Increase 0.278 Oakham–Kettering line
Oakham Oakham, Rutland grid reference SK856090 1848 2 Increase 0.213 Birmingham–Peterborough line
Melton Mowbray Melton Mowbray, Leicestershire grid reference SK752187 1848 2 Increase 0.266
Main Line via Market Harborough
Market Harborough Market Harborough, Leicestershire grid reference SP741874 1850 2 Increase 0.870
Leicester Leicester, Leicestershire grid reference SK593041 1840 4 Increase 5.247 Birmingham to Peterborough Line diverges south of Leicester at Wigston Junction
Syston Syston, Leicestershire grid reference SK621111 1994 1 Increase 0.210 Birmingham to Peterborough Line diverges north of Syston
Sileby Sileby, Leicestershire grid reference SK602151 1994 2 Increase 0.123
Barrow-upon-Soar Barrow-upon-Soar, Leicestershire grid reference SK577172 1994 2 Increase 0.098
Loughborough Loughborough, Leicestershire grid reference SK543204 1872 3 Decrease 1.298
East Midlands Parkway Ratcliffe-on-Soar, Nottinghamshire (for East Midlands Airport) grid reference SK496296 2007 4 Increase 0.306 Trent Junction to Clay Cross Junction via Derby (the original line), the Nottingham branch, and the Erewash Valley Line each diverge north of East Midlands Parkway
Via Derby
Long Eaton Long Eaton, Derbyshire grid reference SK481321 1888 2 Decrease 0.660 Cord south of Long Eaton to the Nottingham branch
Spondon Spondon, Derby, Derbyshire grid reference SK397351 1839 2 Decrease 0.026
Derby Derby, Derbyshire grid reference SK362355 1839 6 Increase 3.767 Cross Country Route and Crewe to Derby Line diverges south of Derby
Duffield Duffield, Derbyshire grid reference SK345435 1841 3 Increase 0.061
Belper Belper, Derbyshire grid reference SK348475 1840 2 Increase 0.225
Ambergate Ambergate, Derbyshire grid reference SK348516 1840 1 Decrease 0.042 Derwent Valley line diverges at Ambergate Junction
Via Nottingham
Attenborough Attenborough, Nottinghamshire grid reference SK518346 1856 2 Decrease 0.112
Beeston Beeston, Nottinghamshire grid reference SK533362 1839 2 Decrease 0.574
Nottingham Midland Nottingham, Nottinghamshire grid reference SK574392 1904 7 Increase 7.200 Northbound trains reverse towards Langley Mill. Others pass through the station onto the Robin Hood Line, Grantham line or Lincoln line.
Via Erewash Valley (bypassing or calling at Nottingham)
Ilkeston Ilkeston, Derbyshire 2017 2
Langley Mill Langley Mill, Derbyshire grid reference SK449470 1847 2 Increase 0.116 Erewash Valley and Trent Nottingham lines rejoin south of Langley Mill.
Alfreton Alfreton, Derbyshire grid reference SK422561 1862 2 Increase 0.283
Clay Cross Junction to Leeds
Chesterfield Chesterfield, Derbyshire grid reference SK388714 1840 3 Increase 1.731 Trent Junction to Clay Cross via Derby and Erewash Valley lines rejoin together south of Chesterfield.
Dronfield Dronfield, Derbyshire grid reference SK354784 1981 2 Increase 0.200 Hope Valley line diverges north of Dronfield
Sheffield Sheffield, South Yorkshire grid reference SK358869 1870 9 Increase 9.213 Hope Valley Line diverges south of Sheffield
Sheffield to Lincoln Line diverges north of Sheffield
Meadowhall Interchange Sheffield, South Yorkshire grid reference SK390912 1990 4 NR Decrease 2.138 Hallam and Penistone Lines diverges at Meadowhall
Via Doncaster
Doncaster Doncaster, South Yorkshire grid reference SE571032 1838 8 Increase 3.752 Connects to the East Coast Main Line south of Doncaster
Bypassing Doncaster
Wakefield Westgate Wakefield, West Yorkshire grid reference SE327207 1867 2 Increase 2.519 Connects with the East Coast Main Line south of Wakefield Westgate
Leeds Leeds, West Yorkshire grid reference SE299331 1938 17 Increase 29.724 Leeds City lines

Tunnels, viaducts and major bridges

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Major civil engineering structures on the Midland Main Line include the following.[54][55]

Tunnels, viaducts and major bridges on the Midland Main Line
Railway Structure Length Distance from London St Pancras International ELR Location
East Bank Tunnel 80 yards (73 m) 158 miles 05 chains – 158 miles 01 chains TJC1 South of Sheffield station
Bradway Tunnel 1 mile 266 yards (1,853 m) 153 miles 61 chains – 152 miles 49 chains North of Dronfield station
Unstone Viaduct (River Drone) 6 chains (120 m) 149 miles 75 chains – 149 miles 69 chains Between Dronfield and Chesterfield stations
Former Broomhouse Tunnel
Whitting Moor Road Viaduct 148 miles 45 chains
Alfreton Tunnel 840 yards (770 m) 135 miles 50 chains – 135 miles 11 chains (via Toton) TCC Erewash Valley Line between Alfreton and Langley Mill stations
Cromford Canal 132 miles 67 chains (via Toton)
Erewash Canal 128 miles 09 chains (via Toton) Erewash Valley Line south of Langley Mill station
Clay Cross Tunnel 1 mile 24 yards (1,631 m) 147 miles 22 chains – 146 miles 21 chains SPC8 Between Chesterfield and Belper stations
River Amber 140 miles 40 chains
Wingfield Tunnel 261 yards (239 m) 139 miles 59 chains – 139 miles 47 chains
Toadmoor Tunnel 129 yards (118 m) 138 miles 12 chains – 138 miles 07 chains
River Derwent / Broadholme Viaducts 6 chains (120 m),
7 chains (140 m) 		136 miles 47 chains – 136 miles 41 chains, 136 miles 18 chains – 136 miles 11 chains
Swainsley Viaduct (River Derwent) 4 chains (80 m) 134 miles 61 chains – 134 miles 57 chains Between Belper and Duffield stations
Milford Tunnel 855 yards (782 m) 134 miles 25 chains – 133 miles 67 chains
Burley Viaduct (River Derwent) 4 chains (80 m) 131 miles 58 chains – 131 miles 54 chains Between Duffield and Derby stations
Nottingham Road Viaduct 3 chains (60 m) 128 miles 43 chains – 128 miles 40 chains
River Derwent Viaduct 3 chains (60 m) 128 miles 06 chains – 128 miles 03 chains
Trent Viaduct 11 chains (220 m) 119 miles 08 chains – 118 miles 77 chains SPC6 Between Long Eaton and East Midlands Parkway station
Redhill Tunnels 154 yards (141 m),
170 yards (160 m) 		118 miles 74 chains – 118 miles 66 chains
River Soar 112 miles 74 chains SPC5 Between East Midlands Parkway and Loughborough stations
Flood openings 2 chains (40 m) 112 miles 60 chains – 112 miles 58 chains
Hermitage Brook Flood Openings 3 chains (60 m) 111 miles 41 chains – 111 miles 38 chains South of Loughborough station
River Soar 109 miles 55 chains North of Barrow-upon-Soar station
River Wreak 104 miles 60 chains South of Sileby station
Knighton Tunnel 104 yards (95 m) 98 miles 07 chains – 98 miles 02 chains SPC4 South of Leicester station
Knighton Viaduct 4 chains (80 m) 97 miles 34 chains – 97 miles 30 chains
Wellingborough Viaducts (River Ise) 6 chains (120 m) 64 miles 57 chains – 64 miles 51 chains SPC2 South of Wellingborough station
Irchester Viaducts (River Nene) 7 chains (140 m) 63 miles 67 chains – 63 miles 60 chains
Sharnbrook Tunnel (Slow line only) 1 mile 100 yards (1,701 m) 60 miles 04 chains – 59 miles 00 chains WYM Between Wellingborough and Bedford stations
Sharnbrook Viaducts 9 chains (180 m) 56 miles 25 chains – 56 miles 16 chains SPC2
Radwell Viaducts 143 yards (131 m) 55 miles 03 chains – 54 miles 76½ chains
Milton Ernest Viaducts 8 chains (160 m) 54 miles 25 chains – 54 miles 17 chains
Oakley Viaducts 6 chains (120 m) 53 miles 35 chains – 53 miles 29 chains
Clapham Viaducts (River Ouse) 6 chains (120 m) 52 miles 04 chains – 51 miles 78 chains
Bromham Viaducts (River Ouse) 7 chains (140 m) 50 miles 79 chains – 50 miles 72 chains
River Great Ouse Viaduct 5 chains (100 m) 49 miles 38 chains – 49 miles 33 chains SPC1 Between Bedford and Flitwick stations
Ampthill Tunnels 715 yards (654 m) 42 miles 52 chains – 42 miles 19 chains
Hyde/Chiltern Green Viaduct (River Lea) 6 chains (120 m) 26 miles 72 chains – 26 miles 66 chains South of Luton Airport Parkway station
Elstree Tunnels 1,058 yards (967 m) 12 miles 06 chains – 11 miles 38 chains South of Elstree & Borehamwood station
Stoneyfield/Deans Brook Viaduct 4 chains (80 m) 10 miles 36 chains – 10 miles 32 chains Between Elstree & Borehamwood and Hendon stations
Welsh Harp/Brent Viaduct (River Brent) 10 chains (200 m) 6 miles 31 chains – 6 miles 21 chains South of Hendon station
Belsize Slow Tunnel 1 mile 107 yards (1,707 m) 3 miles 34 chains – 2 miles 29 chains Between West Hampstead Thameslink and Kentish Town stations
Belsize Fast Tunnel 1 mile 11 yards (1,619 m) 3 miles 32 chains – 2 miles 33 chains
Lismore Circus Tunnel[56] 110 yards (100 m) 2 miles 22 chains – 2 miles 17 chains
Hampstead Tunnel 44 yards (40 m) 1 mile 76 chains – 1 mile 74 chains
Camden Road Tunnels 308 yards (282 m) 1 miles 13 chains – 0 miles 79 chains South of Kentish Town station
Canal Tunnels 820 yards (750 m) 0 miles 0 chains – 0 miles 0 chains Connecting to ECML at Belle Island Junction

Line-side monitoring equipment

[edit]

Line-side train monitoring equipment includes hot axle box detectors (HABD) and wheel impact load detectors (WILD) ‘Wheelchex’, these are located as follows.[55][57][54]

Line-side monitoring equipment on the Midland Main Line
Name / Type Line Location (distance from St. Pancras) Engineers Line Reference
Dore HABD (out of use?) Down Main 154 miles 72 chains TJC1
Belper HABD (to replace Duffield HABD) Up Main 134 miles 70 chains SPC8
Duffield Junction HABD (removal planned) Up Main 132 miles 63 chains
Langley Mill HABD Up Erewash Fast, Up & Down Erewash Slow 129 miles 27 chains TCC
Loughborough HABD Up Fast, Up Slow 111 miles 05 chains SPC5
Barrow-upon-Soar HABD Down Fast, Down Slow 108 miles 72 chains
Thurmaston Wheelchex Down Fast, Up Fast, Up & Down Slow 101 miles 78 chains
East Langton HABD Down Main, Up Main 86 miles 20 chains SPC3
Harrowden Junction HABD Down Fast, Up & Down Slow 67 miles 36 chains
Oakley HABD Up Fast, Up Slow 53 miles 60 chains SPC2
Chiltern Green HABD Down Fast, Down Slow 27 miles 69 chains SPC1
Napsbury HABD Up Fast, Up Slow 18 miles 00 chains

Ambergate Junction to Manchester

[edit]
The complex network of road and rail around Ambergate Junction, formerly where Manchester expresses left the mainline

For marketing and franchising, this is no longer considered part of the Midland Main Line: see Manchester, Buxton, Matlock and Midlands Junction Railway

The line was once the Midland Railway's route from London St Pancras to Manchester, branching at Ambergate Junction along the Manchester, Buxton, Matlock and Midlands Junction Railway, now known as the Derwent Valley line. In days gone by, it featured named expresses such as The Palatine. Much later in the twentieth century, it carried the Midland Pullman.

Town/City Station Ordnance Survey
grid reference
Ambergate Ambergate
Whatstandwell Whatstandwell
Cromford Cromford
Matlock Bath Matlock Bath
Matlock Matlock
Closed section stations
Darley Dale Darley Dale
Rowsley Rowsley
Bakewell Bakewell
Hassop Hassop
Great Longstone Great Longstone for Ashford
Monsal Dale Monsal Dale
Millers Dale Millers Dale
Blackwell Mill Blackwell Mill
Buxton Buxton
Peak Forest Peak Forest
Chapel-en-le-Frith Chapel-en-le-Frith Central
Now part of the Hope Valley line or other lines
Chinley Chinley
Bugsworth Buxworth (Now Closed)
New Mills New Mills Central
Strines Strines
Marple Marple
Romiley Romiley
Bredbury Bredbury
Brinnington Brinnington
Reddish Reddish North
Gorton Ryder Brow
Belle Vue/Gorton Belle Vue
Stockport Stockport Tiviot Dale
Manchester Manchester Central (Now Closed)

This line was closed in the 1960s between Matlock and Buxton, severing an important link between Manchester and the East Midlands, which has never been satisfactorily replaced by any mode of transport. A section of the route remains in the hands of the Peak Rail preservation group, operating between Matlock and Rowsley to the north.

Leeds to Carlisle

[edit]

For marketing and franchising, this is no longer considered part of the Midland Main Line: see Settle–Carlisle Railway.

A geographical representation of the aborted Midland Main Line diversion through the West Riding, which would have put Bradford on a through line and provided a direct connection to Scotland. (Existing lines shown in black and the diversion in red).
Map showing the proposed Midland line into Bradford

World War I prevented the Midland Railway from finishing its direct route through the West Riding to join the Settle and Carlisle (which would have cut six miles from the journey and avoided the need for reversal at Leeds).

The first part of the Midland's West Riding extension from the main line at Royston (Yorks.) to Dewsbury was opened before the war. However, the second part of the extension was not completed. This involved a viaduct at Dewsbury over the River Calder, a tunnel under Dewsbury Moor and a new approach railway into Bradford from the south at a lower level than the existing railway (a good part of which was to be in tunnel) leading into Bradford Midland (or Bradford Forster Square) station.

The 500 yards (460 m) gap between the stations at Bradford still exists. Closing it today would also need to take into account the different levels between the two Bradford stations, a task made easier in the days of electric rather than steam traction, allowing for steeper gradients than possible at the time of the Midland's proposed extension.

Two impressive viaducts remain on the completed part of the line between Royston Junction and Dewsbury as a testament to the Midland's ambition to complete a third direct Anglo–Scottish route. The line served two goods stations and provided a route for occasional express passenger trains before its eventual closure in 1968.

The failure to complete this section ended the Midland's hopes of being a serious competitor on routes to Scotland and finally put beyond all doubt that Leeds, not Bradford, would be the West Riding's principal city. Midland trains to Scotland therefore continued to call at Leeds before travelling along the Aire Valley to the Settle and Carlisle. From Carlisle they then travelled onwards via either the Glasgow and South Western or Waverley Route. In days gone by the line enjoyed named expresses such as the Thames–Clyde Express and The Waverley.

Former stations

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As with most railway lines in Britain, the route used to serve far more stations than it currently does (and consequently passes close to settlements that it no longer serves). Places that the current main line used to serve include

The following on the original North Midland Railway line

See also

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Notes and references

[edit]
Notes
  1. ^ Quickly the Sheffield and Rotherham Railway ran its branch line to Sheffield Wicker
References
  1. ^ "East Midlands RUS Loading Gauge". Network Rail. p. 55. Retrieved 21 August 2010.
  2. ^ "East Midlands Route Study, 2016" (PDF). Network Rail.
  3. ^ "Midland Main Line Upgrade". Network Rail. July 2022.
  4. ^ a b "Integrated Rail Plan for the North and Midlands". Department for Transport. 22 March 2022.
  5. ^ "The Railway between Nottingham and Derby". Stamford Mercury. British Newspaper Archive. 7 June 1839. Retrieved 5 July 2016.
  6. ^ "Midland Counties Railway". Leicester Chronicle. British Newspaper Archive. 9 May 1840. Retrieved 5 July 2016.
  7. ^ "A Midland Railway chronology>Incorporation and expansion". The Midland Railway Society. 1998. Archived from the original on 28 December 2008.
  8. ^ a b UK Retail Price Index inflation figures are based on data from Clark, Gregory (2017). "The Annual RPI and Average Earnings for Britain, 1209 to Present (New Series)". MeasuringWorth. Retrieved 7 May 2024.
  9. ^ a b Leleux, Robin. A Regional History of the Railways of Great Britain. Volume 9. David & Charles, Newton Abbot. p. 92. ISBN 0715371657.
  10. ^ "Opening of the Leicester and Hitchin Line". Bedfordshire Mercury. British Newspaper Archive. 9 May 1857. Retrieved 5 July 2016.
  11. ^ Davies, R.; Grant, M.D. (1984). Forgotten Railways: Chilterns and Cotswolds. Newton Abbot, Devon: David St John Thomas. ISBN 0-946537-07-0, p. 110–111.
  12. ^ "A Midland Railway chronology>London extension". The Midland Railway Society. 1998. Archived from the original on 28 December 2008.
  13. ^ Barnes, E. G. (1969). The Rise of the Midland Railway 1844–1874. Augustus M. Kelley, New York. p. 308.
  14. ^ Radford, B., (1983) Midland Line Memories: a Pictorial History of the Midland Railway Main Line Between London (St Pancras) & Derby London: Bloomsbury Books
  15. ^ The Railway Magazine. June 1958. p. 432. {{cite magazine}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
  16. ^ Railway Electrification. British Railways Board (Central Publicity Unit). Winter 1979. pp. 0–2, 8.
  17. ^ "East Midlands Parkway – Our greenest station to open on 26 January" (Press release). East Midlands Trains. 14 January 2009.[dead link‍]
  18. ^ "Midland Main Line celebrates at 125mph". Rail News. Retrieved 20 July 2017.
  19. ^ "Route Utilisation Strategy > Freight". Network Rail.
  20. ^ "Midland Main Line / East Midlands Route Utilisation Strategy". Strategic Rail Authority. Retrieved 29 August 2008.
  21. ^ "East Midlands Route Utilisation Strategy". Network Rail. February 2010. Retrieved 29 August 2008.
  22. ^ "Midlands line 'to be electrified'". BBC News Online. 14 July 2012. Retrieved 14 July 2012. A £500m scheme … Transport Secretary Justine Greening is set to outline plans to complete the electrification of the route from Sheffield to London on Monday.
  23. ^ Odell, Mark; Parker, George (13 July 2012). "Osborne backs £10bn rail plan". Financial Times. Archived from the original on 10 December 2022. Retrieved 14 July 2012. announcement, expected on Monday, is likely to include a £530m plan to complete electrification of the Midland mainline between Bedford and Sheffield
  24. ^ "Working Group 4 – Electrification Strategy". Network Rail. Retrieved 27 September 2009.
  25. ^ Barton, Tom (17 March 2014). "Developers taking too long to build homes, MP says". BBC News Online. Retrieved 21 March 2014.
  26. ^ "Kettering East: Compromise deal agreed over funding". BBC News Online. 13 March 2013. Retrieved 21 March 2014.
  27. ^ a b Broadbent, Steve (19 February 2014). "Switching on the Electric Spine". Rail Magazine. No. 742. pp. 69–75.
  28. ^ "Midland Main Line 2010 route plan" (PDF). Network Rail. 2010. Archived from the original (PDF) on 29 September 2012. Retrieved 8 November 2017.
  29. ^ "Secretary of State opens Network Rail control centre" (Press release). Network Rail. Archived from the original on 26 September 2008. Retrieved 29 August 2008.
  30. ^ "Plans for £150m station facelift". BBC News Online. London. 6 March 2008.
  31. ^ Department for Transport (26 July 2011). "Access for all – stations". GOV.UK. Retrieved 11 April 2014.
  32. ^ "Second Corby to Kettering railway track to be restored". BBC News Online. London. 6 February 2014.
  33. ^ "Wellingborough railway station expansion plan unveiled". BBC News. 18 April 2012. Retrieved 23 August 2013.
  34. ^ "Wait finally over for Ilkeston train station as hundreds turn up to opening". Nottingham Post. 2 April 2017. Retrieved 7 May 2017.[permanent dead link‍]
  35. ^ Brent Cross Cricklewood: Transport Archived 29 September 2013 at the Wayback Machine Retrieved 23 August 2013
  36. ^ The Wixams: Transportation Archived 17 October 2015 at the Wayback Machine Retrieved 23 August 2013
  37. ^ "Route Specifications 2015 – London North Eastern and East Midlands" (PDF). Network Rail. April 2015. Retrieved 10 August 2016.
  38. ^ "Connecting Communities – Expanding Access to the Rail Network" (PDF). London: Association of Train Operating Companies. June 2009. p. 9. Retrieved 7 September 2018.
  39. ^ ATOC 2009, p. 19.
  40. ^ Bedfordshire Ampthill station Archived 13 May 2008 at the Wayback Machine, Railway & Transport Association. Retrieved 4 January 2010.
  41. ^ "Electrification to reach Market Harborough".
  42. ^ "Spades in ground as government delivers on rail investment promise for North and Midlands". GOV.UK. Retrieved 21 December 2021.
  43. ^ "Main works on next stage of Midland Main Line electrification due to begin". RailBusinessDaily. 21 December 2021. Retrieved 21 December 2021.
  44. ^ "Rail industry welcomes progress on Midland Mainline electrification". www.riagb.org.uk. Retrieved 21 December 2021.
  45. ^ "Contractors alerted to next phase of £1.3bn Midland Main Line electrification". 24 May 2022.
  46. ^ Bradshaw, George (1848). Bradshaw's railway almanack, directory, shareholders' guide and manual. George Bradshaw. p. 204.
  47. ^ "The Leeds and Bradford". Derby Mercury. British Newspaper Archive. 15 August 1849. Retrieved 10 August 2016 – via British Newspaper Archive.
  48. ^ "The New Works of the Midland Railway Company". Birmingham Journal. British Newspaper Archive. 21 December 1867. Retrieved 10 August 2016 – via British Newspaper Archive.
  49. ^ "The New Midland Railway Station at Sheffield". Sheffield Independent. 12 December 1868. Retrieved 10 August 2016 – via British Newspaper Archive.
  50. ^ "Route 19 Midland Main Line and East Midlands" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 15 September 2016. Retrieved 10 August 2016.
  51. ^ Moran, Mark (24 May 2021). "EMR Connect launches all-electric Corby-St Pancras service". Transport Xtra. London: Landor LINKS. Retrieved 16 August 2021.
  52. ^ First Capital Connect: Thameslink Route Timetable B Archived 26 June 2013 at the Wayback Machine Retrieved 24 August 2013
  53. ^ "New cutting-edge trains in full operation across Thameslink route". mynewsdesk.com. Mynewsdesk. 18 September 2017. Retrieved 8 November 2017.
  54. ^ a b Bridge, Mike (2013). Railway Track Diagrams Book 4 Midlands & North West. Bradford on Avon: Trackmaps. pp. 1–5. ISBN 978-0-9549866-7-4.
  55. ^ a b Brailsford, Martyn (2016). Railway Track Diagrams Book 2: Eastern. Frome: Trackmaps. pp. 1, 27. ISBN 978-0-9549866-8-1.
  56. ^ "London North Eastern Route Sectional Appendix; LOR LN3201 Seq001 to 030" (PDF). Network Rail. Retrieved 13 January 2018.
  57. ^ "Railway Codes: HABD and WILD equipment".
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