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Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
Zinc phosphodiesterase ELAC protein 2 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ELAC2 gene .[ 5] [ 6] [ 7] chromosome 17 . It is an endonuclease thought to be involved in mitochondrial tRNA maturation,
The ELAC2 gene encodes a protein that is 92 kDa in size and is localized to the mitochondrion [ 8] nucleus . The ELAC2 protein is a zinc phosphodiesterase , which is known to show tRNA 3'-processing endonuclease activity inside the mitochondria . Mitochondria contain their own pool of tRNAs that are involved in the protein translation of 13 subunits of the respiratory chain that are encoded by the mitochondrial genome . ELAC2 functions in the maturation of tRNA by removing a 3'-trailer (extra 3' nucleotides ) from tRNA precursors, generating 3' termini of tRNAs.
The reaction leaves a 3'-hydroxy group is left at the tRNA end, and a 5'-phosphoryl group at the cleaved, trailing end. The reaction requires zinc ions as co-factors .
Clinical significance [ edit ] Variants of the ELAC2 gene are associated with prostate cancer, hereditary 2 (HPC2), a condition associated with familial cancer of the prostate.[ 9] [ 10] missense mutations are known to cause the disease from multiple families based on linkage analysis and positional cloning .[ 10]
In addition, mutations in ELAC2 are known to cause combined oxidative phosphorylation deficiency 17 (COXPD17 ), a rare autosomal recessive disorder of mitochondrial functions characterized by severe hypertrophic cardiomyopathy .[ 11]
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