Draft:Opioid and overdose crisis
Opioid and Overdose Crisis
[edit]The opioid crisis, described as the increased misuse of drugs under the class of opioids that has led to many overdoses and deaths, is an epidemic that has impacted the United States in the late 20th and early 21st century. Across Ohio, overdose-related deaths grew larger than deaths related to car crashes in 2007. In 2022, opioid-related overdoses made up 84% of all accidental overdoses in Ohio. In Licking County, there are 34.6 deaths due to overdoses per 100,000 citizens. From the years 2013 to 2022, overdose-related deaths grew larger than doubled from 23 overdose deaths in 2013 to 58 in 2022[1]. Amidst the COVID-19 pandemic, health director, Dr. William Highberger attributed isolation as one of the leading causes for the rise in overdose deaths across Licking County[2], while author and professor Jack Shuler attributes the rise in overdose deaths to a rise in fentanyl and its analogues in the drug supply; local, state, and federal responses to the crisis; and as well as increased unemployment and economic inequalities in the region[3].
Statistics and data
[edit]Over the years, overdose deaths have gradually increased. Constant addiction has the possibility of fatality, which has grown over the past few years. Licking Memorial Health Systems collects data every year which includes unintentional overdose deaths. Their statistics pointed to 41 deaths in 2018 and 47 in 2021.[4] This marks a sharp increase of deaths due to overdose of over double from 2014 to 2020. Licking County Memorial found that when only considering fentanyl related deaths, the number has increased by over 1000% from 2 deaths in 2014 to 21 in 2018.[4]
Demographics
[edit]Of the 47 opioid related deaths in 2021 the primary group affected were white males between the ages 25-44. Data from the Licking County annual overdose fatality review reveals 72% of overdoses in 2021 were male while the remaining 28% were female.The most affected age ranges were 35-44 years old, with 15 deaths, followed closely by those aged 25-34, with 14 deaths. Additionally, 94% of deaths in 2021 were White/Caucasian and 6% were Black/African American.[5] In regards to the level of education of those affected, 59.6% were high school graduates or had a GED, while 17% did not graduate high school. Additionally, 12.8% had a college education without a degree, and 8.5% held a college undergraduate degree. Fentanyl was involved in 72.3% of cases, making it the leading substance in these overdoses.[5]
Licking County’s Response
[edit]In 2020, the Licking County Health Department introduced a new overdose mapping system which tracked fatal and nonfatal overdose cases in the region of Licking County. Logan Legg, the coordinator of the overdose mapping program in Licking County, hopes that through expediting the process of data collection on fatal and nonfatal overdose cases, county alerts or distribution of naloxone can be made a lot more efficient.[2] Coinciding with the creation of overdose mapping, LCHD spokesperson Katie Beaver stated that the increase of overdoses throughout Licking County may just be a result of more overdoses being reported across the county as a result of overdose mapping.[2]
In 2019, the Licking County Health Department unanimously voted against implementing a syringe exchange program in the county. When approached about their decision to not pursue a syringe exchange program once again in 2024, the Health Department said the following, “This remains the case in 2024 and there are no plans to revisit this decision at this time.”[6] Various organizations have taken issue with the LCHDs decision such as Licking County’s branch of Ohio CAN. The organization has noted the that unsanitary syringe use has been a cause for the rise in Hepatitis-C. [6]
In the wake of the crisis, Licking County has also established various other programs to combat the opioid crisis:
The Licking County Linkages Program helps individuals recovering from substance addiction by providing resources like access to health care. In addition, their goals also revolve around reducing stigmas surrounding substance abuse as well as informing the general public of the dangers of drug consumption.
Other services throughout Licking County include disposal of unwanted pills which can be done at several police stations within the county.
- ^ "Drug Overdose". Ohio Department of Health.
- ^ a b c Sumner, Michaela. "Licking County 2021 drug deaths match record set in 2020". The Advocate. Retrieved 2024-10-29.
- ^ Shuler, Jack (September 8, 2020). This is Ohio: The Overdose Crisis and the Front Lines of a New America. Counterpoint. ISBN 978-1640093553.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: date and year (link) - ^ a b "2019 Community Health Needs Assessment". Licking Memorial Health. 2019.
- ^ a b "OVERDOSE FATALITY REVIEW ANNUAL REPORT LICKING COUNTY 2021" (PDF). Licking County Health. 2021.
- ^ a b Wolf, Jack (2024-09-03). "Syringe exchange program in Stark County offers blueprint for Licking County". The Reporting Project - Covering Licking County, Ohio. Retrieved 2024-10-29.
- ^ "Drug Abuse and Overdose Death Prevention". Licking County Health Department. Retrieved 2024-10-29.