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Mādhava Sarasvatī (c. 1702 – 1811 CE) was a prominent 17th century philosopher of Kashmir Shaivism, accomplished yogi in the pratyabhijñātmaka tradition in the lineage of Vāsugupta[1] and a scholar in the Advaita Vedanta. He was a student of śri sadāsiva brahmānanda sarasvatī in the lineage of śri vāsudeva sarasvatī (16th century) and Madhusūdana Sarasvatī.
Biography
[edit]Little is known about mādhava's early life other then he was born in the Kashmir region and received his early education in Sanskrit, Philosophy and Yoga from his father. mādhava later traveled to varanāsi at the young age of 13 years and studied under various renowned scholars and yogis of that time, travelling down to southern India in his youth. mādhava met śri sadāsiva brahmānanda sarasvatī who was a revered Yogi and Philosopher, in what is today's western ghats region of south India and accepted him as his teacher.
Mādhava undertook deep study of advaita and yoga vaśiṣṭha under brahmānanda's guidance. and pursued intense yogic practices. Mādhava sarasvatī underwent a profound spiritual awakening, realizing the ultimate nature of non-dual consciousness (advaita). traveling back to Kashmir in his thirties, śri mādhava sarasvatī initiated many disciples in his pratyabhijñātmaka tradition of yoga. Two of his key disciples include śri rāmabhadra sarasvati (c. 1732 – 1817 CE) and śri raghunāta sarasvati (c. 1791 – 1870 CE). [2]
Notable work
[edit]śri mādhava's teachings and writings primarily focused on Kashmir Shaivism and related yogic tradition like pratyabhijñā (also called pratyabhijñātmaka). He has also authored various works on Advaita Vedanta in general, including a commentary on yoga vaśiṣṭha.
List of Works
- pada candrikā (पद चन्द्रिका) : a commentary on yoga vaśiṣṭha in light of nondual practices.
- advaita siddi ṭika (अद्वैत सिद्दि टिक) [3] [4]: He authored a commentary of advaita siddi, an original work by śri Madhusūdana Sarasvatī (his teacher's teacher) mainly for the benefit of his desciples and to aide in their practices.
- tattvacintāmani ṭika (तत्त्वचिन्तामनि टिक) [5]: He authored a commentary of tattvacintāmani, an original work by śri Madhusūdana Sarasvatī (his teacher's teacher). The name translates as "The jewel of principle thought structures". This work also was mainly to aide his disciples, explaining intricacies of various concepts within tattvacintāmani.
- yogasāra (योगसार) :yogasāra is a treatise on essence of Yoga, and detailed practices helpful for the attainment of non dual conciousness. there is only one known copy of this book at the The Adyar Library and Research Centre (ALRC) Chennai, India.
Known lineage
[edit]Madhusūdana sarasvatī is the earliest well documented teacher in śri mādhava's pratyabhijñātmaka tradition of Yoga and in the lineage of vasugupta. Madhusūdana composed more then 20 original literary 15th century works, all of which are considered crucial within the various Kashmir Shaivism, Trika and related yogic traditions. A summary of his works can be seen here Madhusūdana Sarasvatī#List of Works. There is very less known about his immediate teacher śri sadāsiva brahmānanda sarasvatī. The only information that is somewhat well established is that he was a direct disciple in lineage of śri madhusūdana sarasvatī and was from the south Indian region,. He has well established his practice in what is today known as the famous western ghats mountain range.
śri mādhava has two key documented disciples include śri rāmabhadra sarasvatī (c. 1732 – 1817 CE) and śri raghunāta sarasvatī (c. 1791 – 1870 CE)[2] both of whom are said to have been fully enlightened and accomplished in non dual consciousness. śri raghunāta sarasvatī was succeeded by his principal disciples śri ātmabhadra sarasvati (1853-1924 CE) who resided in Dhronagiri mountain range and śri jayendra tīrtha sarasvati (1871-1976 CE) of Bihar region. śri ātmabhadra sarasvati has one disciple śri parātpara nātha sarasvati (1949 – 2019 CE) also commonly known as śri Deepak suchde [6]. śri dvitappara nātha sarasvati (c. May, 1984) was initiated into the tradition earnestly by śri parātpara and not much information is available on other acquaintances of this lineage at this time. śri parātpara nātha sarasvati worked closely with plant life, nature and farming practices. He is famous for promoting a service oriented human relation with nature in general. He is well known for promoting spirituality amidst a farm based lifestyle and complimented yogic practices with his love for nature [7] - called as Natural Ecological Farming (Natueco[8]).
References
[edit]- ^ Vasugupta (1992). The Aphorisms of Siva: The Siva Sutra with Bhaskara's Commentary, the Varttika. Translated by Dyczkowski, Mark S. G. State University of New York Press. ISBN 978-0-7914-1263-3.
- ^ a b Dasgupta, Surendranath (1975). A history of Indian philosophy. 1. Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass. ISBN 978-0-8426-0963-0.
- ^ Madhusudana Sarasvati (1937). Advaita Siddhi by Madhusudana Sarasvati with Various Commentaries - Edited by Ananta Krishna Shastri (in Sanskrit). Sabyasachi Mishra. Pandurang Jawaji, Proprietor of the "Nirnaya-Sagar" Press.
- ^ Sarasvati, Madhusudana (1917). The Advaitasiddhi Of Madhusudana Sarasvati Vol.1, Part.1.
- ^ "GP0683 Tattva Chintamani" – via Internet Archive.
- ^ "Father Of Amrut Krushi, Deepak Suchde, Passes Away - Pure & Eco India - Organic Magazine & Organic Directory". 2019-11-01. Retrieved 2024-12-15.
- ^ khategaonwaale.com (2019-09-26). Documentary Film on Deepak Suchde on Natueco Science as Lifestyle. Retrieved 2024-12-16 – via YouTube.
- ^ ":: Beyond Organic Farming ::". www.beyondorganicfarming.in. Retrieved 2024-12-16.