Draft:High Romanticism
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High Romanticism is the peak of the Romantic movement from 1800–1850. Romanticism reached its peak due to the influence of the French Revolution and as a rebellion against Neo-classism. The French Revolution caused a desire to depict contemporary struggles, individual expression, and emotional intensity. Neoclassism was an era that celebrated reason as one of the highest ideals of human virtues. This caused empirical science to claim its authority over society. During the Neo-Classical age, traditional social and aesthetic rules strictly governed social behavior; these strict rules led to rebellion. High Romanticism was a profound shift in Western attitude toward art and human creativity that dominated much of European culture. It emphasized freedom of individual self-expression, sincerity, spontaneity, and originality. These became the new standards, replacing the classical models. It was a direct rejection of the rationality of the Enlightenment as mechanical, impersonal, and artificial. Romantic artists began to show an interest in the irrational realms of dream and delirium, folk superstition, and legend. This creative imagination replaced the mechanical rules of the Neoclassical age. These ideas have left a long-lasting effect on Western culture.
Contributing factors.
[edit]Contributing factors that caused Romanticism to be and to reach its peak are the French Revolution, which caused a Neo-Classical age where government was strictly ruling the people along with empirical science becoming so prominent. The Romantic Era also skyrocketed because of social injustices such as slavery, harsh working conditions due to the Industrial Revolution, poverty due to industrialization, a lack of women's rights, and the working class being exploited. These were common themes for Romantic artists that used it to address these social injustices and as a way to emphasize the importance of individual freedom and equality. One of the pioneers of the Romantic Movement was Robert Burns, who was a writer. Some of his most notable works are "Auld Lang Syne" (1788) and "Tam o' Shanter" (1791). He inspired many other writers. William Blake was one of the first writers during the Romantic Period. He believed in spiritual and political freedom. Romanticism began with the publishing of Lyrical Ballads (1798) by William Wordsworth and Samuel Taylor Coleridge.
Artists
[edit]Prominent artists during the peak of the Romantic era include Caspar David Friedrich, Eugène Delacroix, Théodore Géricault, Francisco Goya, John Constable, William Blake, Francesco Hayez, Henry Fuseli, and Albert Bierstadt. Artists such as Francisco Goya were a key component of the Romantic movement, as his paintings were expressive and full of emotion and individualism. Which only exemplified the Romantics idea of focusing on the dramatic human experience. Goya influenced other Romantic artists as his style depicted raw emotional realities of life, such as the horrors of war and social injustices, through disturbing imagery. This style caused Romanticism to peak as more artists during the time would begin to depict similar images in a similar style, creating an abundance of paintings that would evoke emotion and raise the injustices in the government.
High Romanticism's decline
[edit]At its peak, the Romantic era was influencing individuals, and one begins to see several artists emerge that embrace Romantic ideals. Yet Romanticism began to decline due to the rise of realism, the Industrial Revolution, a shift in public consciousness, and photography. Photography creates the ability to capture reality more effectively. This occurred by the time of WWI since the cultural and artistic climate had changed and Romanticism essentially dispersed.
References
[edit]Allegretti, Catherine. “The Romantic Period.” Www.easternct.edu, Eastern Connecticut State University, 2024, www.easternct.edu/speichera/understanding-literary-history-all/the-romantic-period.html.
Britannica. “Romanticism.” Encyclopedia Britannica, 30 Nov. 2022, www.britannica.com/art/Romanticism. Accessed 22 Nov. 2024.
Emma Littleton. “Famous Romanticism Paintings - the Best Examples of Romantic-Era Art.” Artincontext.org, 9 Feb. 2022, artincontext.org/famous-romanticism-paintings/. Accessed 22 Nov. 2024.
Galitz, Kathryn Calley. “Romanticism.” The Met, The Metropolitan Museum of Art, Oct. 2004, www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/roma/hd_roma.htm. Accessed 22 Nov. 2024.
“How Did Francisco Goya Contribute to Romanticism | Ipl.org.” Www.ipl.org, www.ipl.org/essay/How-Did-Francisco-Goya-Contribute-To-Romanticism-F3RJLNWBG5PV. Accessed 23 Nov. 2024.
The Art Story. “Romanticism Movement Overview.” The Art Story, The Art Story Foundation, 2017, www.theartstory.org/movement/romanticism/. Accessed 22 Nov. 2024.
The National Gallery, London. “John Constable (1776 - 1837) | National Gallery, London.” Nationalgallery.org.uk, 2019, www.nationalgallery.org.uk/artists/john-constable. Accessed 22 Nov. 2024.
Thorson, Dr Mark. “The Romantic Rebellion.” Encounters with the Arts: Readings for ARTC150, Sept. 2020, mlpp.pressbooks.pub/encounterswiththeartsartc150/chapter/romanticism/. Accessed 22 Nov. 2024. Category:Wikipedia Student Program