Draft:Han E (Gējì)
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Han E | |
|---|---|
| Born | Han |
| Nationality | Chinese |
| Occupation | Singer |
Han E (simplified Chinese: 韩娥; traditional Chinese: 韓娥; pinyin: Hán é) was a legendary [1] wandering courtesan from the state of Han active during the Warring States Period of Zhou Dynasty China.
Life
[edit]Little is known about the life of Han E beyond that she was a native of the State of Han during the Warring States Period of the late Zhou Dynasty who made her living as a traveling singer.[2] She is attested to in the Taoist manuscript Liezi which contains an account of her ability as a performer.
Han E is said to have travelled to the state of Qi where she sang at the Yongmen city gate, and it was said that her singing resonated there for three days. During her time in the state of Qi, Han E's is said to have been treated rudely by an innkeeper that as she left she sang a song that made the residents so sad they chased her down and begged her to return. When she returned, Han E sung a song that lifted the spirits of everyone, and she was showered with gifts when she departed from Yongmen. Allegedly, Han E inspired the melancholic singing style of the state of Qi.[2][3][4][5] The authenticity of these stories is unclear, however, as Han E's story is not recorded in the historical Record of Music and other records attribute the origin of the singing to the wife of Qi Lian. [6][3][7] The Chinese idiom "reverberating around the beams for three days" (rao liang san ri) used to praise one's singing is a direct reference to the tale of Han E.[2]
References
[edit]- ^ Lam, Joseph (2010). "Reading Music and Eroticism in Late Ming Texts". NAN NÜ. 12 (2): 245. doi:10.1163/156852610X545859. ISSN 1387-6805.
- ^ a b c Lee, Lily Xiao Hong; Stefanowska, A. D.; Wiles, Sue; Ho, Clara Wing-chung, eds. (1998). Biographical dictionary of Chinese women. University of Hong Kong Libraries publications. Armonk, N.Y: M. E. Sharpe. p. 29. ISBN 978-0-7656-0043-1.
- ^ a b Lam, Joseph S.C (2003-08-28), Ko, Dorothy; Kim Haboush, JaHyun; Piggott, Joan (eds.), "Women and Confucian Cultures in Premodern China, Korea, and Japan", Women and Confucian Cultures in Premodern China, Korea, and Japan, University of California Press, p. 100, doi:10.1525/9780520927827, ISBN 978-0-520-92782-7, retrieved 2024-09-27
- ^ Xu, Guobin; Chen, Yanhui; Xu, Lianhua (2018-05-28). Introduction to Chinese Culture: Cultural History, Arts, Festivals and Rituals. Palgrave Macmillan US. p. 97. ISBN 978-1-137-59983-4.
- ^ Jin, Jie (2011). Chinese music. Introductions to Chinese culture (3rd ed.). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. p. 14. ISBN 978-0-521-18691-9.
- ^ Chen, Shulu; Shen, Fuying (2023). A historical research of Chinese folk songs. Hackensack, NJ: World Scientific. p. 521. ISBN 978-981-12-7608-8.
- ^ "古代女音乐人的身份与命运". web.archive.org. 2024-09-16. Retrieved 2024-09-27.
这些故事的真实性我们姑且不论，但是它们至少透露出，早在先秦时代中国就出现了职业音乐人，而且具有较高的音乐造诣，当然，故事中的描述多少有些夸张的成分。
[The authenticity of these tales cannot be determined, but they reveal that there were professional singers in China as early as the pre-Qin era, with a high level of musical achievement, even though the stories are more or less exaggerated.]
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