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Gopal Halder | |
|---|---|
| Native name | গোপাল হালদার |
| Born | February 11, 1902 Vidgaon, Vikrampur Dhaka, British India (now Bangladesh) |
| Died | October 4, 1993 (aged 91) Kolkata, West Bengal |
| Occupation | Writer Literary Theorist |
| Language | Bengali |
| Citizenship | Indian |
| Alma mater | Scottish Church College University of Calcutta |
| Notable awards | D.Litt |
| Spouse | Aruna Singh |
| Relatives | Sitakanta Halder (father) |
Gopal Haldar was a Bengali litterateur, literary theorist, essayist, and political activist.[1][2]
Birth and early life
[edit]Gopal Haldar was born on February 11, 1902, in Vidgaon of Bikrampur, Dhaka, in present-day Bangladesh, then part of British India. His mother was Bidhumukhi Devi. His father, Sitakanta Haldar, was a lawyer. Gopal received his school education in Noakhali, where his father practiced law. Later, he graduated with a First Class Honors in English from Scottish Church College in Kolkata. In 1924, he completed his M.A. in English Literature and B.L. from the University of Calcutta. In 1925–26, he briefly practiced law in Noakhali.[1][2][3]
Professional life
[edit]In 1926, he took up the position of assistant editor for the Welfare magazine, which was under the Bangabasi institution, and simultaneously engaged in linguistic research under Suniti Kumar Chatterjee until 1928. During 1929 and 1930, his professional career was based at Feni College. From 1930 to 1932, he worked as a research assistant in the Department of Linguistics at the University of Calcutta under Suniti Kumar Chatterjee. He was also associated with the editorial office of the Modern Review magazine and held the position of assistant editor at the Hindustan Standard newspaper. From 1944 to 1948 and again from 1952 to 1967, he served as the editor of the Parichay magazine.[4][5]
Role in the independence movement and political activities
[edit]From his school days, Gopal Halder was an active member of the revolutionary Jugantar group and remained a member of the Congress from 1921 to 1940. During 1939–40, he served as the assistant secretary of the Bengal Provincial Congress Committee under the leadership of Subhas Chandra Bose. From 1932 to 1938, he was imprisoned as a political detainee. While in prison, he devoted his time to studying, conducting research, creating literary works, and exploring Marxist ideology. After his release, he worked as an assistant to Subhas Chandra Bose, editing the weekly Forward magazine. From 1938 onward, he became one of the key organizers of the All-India Kisan Sabha (All India Farmers' Union). In 1949, he joined the Communist Party and in the same year married Aruna Singh, a professor of philosophy. Alongside leading movements for farmers and workers, he played an active role as an intellectual in the Anti-Fascist Writers' and Artists' Association as well as the Soviet Friendship Association.[2][5]
Editing and literary works
[edit]Gopal Halder served as the editor of Parichay magazine for an extended period (1944–48, 1952–67). Even after India's independence, he was imprisoned for four months in 1949. In 1969, he was again jailed for participating in the civil disobedience movement.[2]
The literary scholar Sisir Kumar Das remarked on his writings:
His novels are as distinctive in terms of craftsmanship as they are in the depth of thought and the analysis of their subject matter. ... His essays are rich in information, analysis, and intellectual depth. Sanskritir Rupantar (The Transformation of Culture) is one of the most memorable works in Bengali intellectual literature.
Bibliography
[edit]![[icon]](/wiki/File:Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg){kind=small} | This section needs expansion with: Bibliography list not completed. You can help by adding to it. (December 2024) |
- Ekada (Once) – 1939[6][7]
- Dhoolakona (Dust Particles) – Short story collection, 1942
- Panchasher Path (The Path of Fifty) – 1944
- Terosh Panchash (Thirteen Fifty) – 1945
- Unopanchashi (Forty-Nine) – 1946
- Bhangon (Collapse) – 1947
- Ujan Ganga (Upstream Ganges) – 1950
- Sroter Dweep (Island in the Stream) – 1950
- Anyodin (Another Day) – 1950
- Ar Ekdin (Yet Another Day) – 1951
- Bhumika (Introduction) – 1952
- Nabaganga (New Ganges) – 1953
- Bangali Sanskritir Roop (The Form of Bengali Culture) – 1947
- Bharoter Bhasha (The Languages of India) – 1967
- Bangali Sanskritir Prasanga (On Bengali Culture) – 1956
- Bangla Sahitya O Manab Sanskriti (Bengali Literature and Human Culture) – 1956
- Bangla Sahityer Rooprekha (Outline of Bengali Literature) – Volume 1: 1954, Volume 2: 1958
- Ingraji Sahityer Rooprekha (Outline of English Literature) – 1961
- Rosh Sahityer Rooprekha (Outline of Russian Literature) – 1966[8][2]
Additionally, he edited collected works of prominent writers such as Vidyasagar, Bankimchandra, Dinabandhu, Dwijendralal, and Kaliprasanna Singha.
Awards
[edit]| Year | Award/Honor[4] |
|---|---|
| 1977 | Sarat Smriti Puraskar (Sarat Memorial Award) |
| 1980 | Rabindra Puraskar (Rabindra Award) |
| 1985 | D.Litt (Honoris Causa) from Rabindra Bharati University |
| 1986 | D.Litt (Honoris Causa) from University of Burdwan |
| 1988 | D.Litt (Honoris Causa) from University of North Bengal |
| 1990 | D.Litt (Honoris Causa) from University of Calcutta |
| 1993 | D.Litt (Honoris Causa) from Jadavpur University |
Death
[edit]Gopal Halder died on October 4, 1993.
References
[edit]- ^ a b Shishir Kumar Das (August 2019). সংসদ বাংলা সাহিত্যসঙ্গী [Sansad Bengali Literary Companion] (in Bengali). Kolkata: Sahitya Sansad. p. 67. ISBN 978-81-79550-07-9.
{{cite book}}: Check|isbn=value: checksum (help) - ^ a b c d e Anjali Basu, ed. (January 2019). সংসদ বাঙালি চরিতাভিধান [Sansad Bengali Biographical Dictionary] (in Bengali). Vol. 2. Kolkata: Sahitya Sansad. p. 113. ISBN 978-81-7955-292-6.
- ^ গোপাল হালদার [Gopal Halder]. targetsscbangla.com (in Bengali). 2016-07-24. Retrieved 2024-12-05.
- ^ a b Roychowdhury, Subrata (1997). Gopal Halder: Prasang Tridiba (in Bengali). OneTouch Publishers. p. 125.
- ^ a b Swarup (2024-10-02). গোপাল হালদার : সংস্কৃতি ও ঐতিহ্যের ধারক [Gopal Halder: A Bearer of Culture and Tradition]. Dainik Azadi (in Bengali). Retrieved 2024-12-05.
- ^ Halder, Gopal (1956). Gopal Halder Rachanasamagra 1.
- ^ গোপাল হালদার : “ত্রিদিবা” এবং “মন্বন্তর” ট্রিলজি রচয়িতা [Gopal Halder: The Creator of the "Tridiba" and "Manbantar" Trilogy]. www.banglasahitto.in. Retrieved 2024-12-05.
- ^ "Internet Archive: Digital Library of Free & Borrowable Texts, Movies, Music & Wayback Machine". archive.org. Retrieved 2024-12-05.