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Dirinaria picta

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Dirinaria picta
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Fungi
Division: Ascomycota
Class: Lecanoromycetes
Order: Caliciales
Family: Caliciaceae
Genus: Dirinaria
Species:
D. picta
Binomial name
Dirinaria picta
(Sw.) Clem. & Shear
Synonyms[1]
  • Dimelaena picta (Sw.) Trevis.
  • Hagenia picta (Sw.) Bagl.
  • Lichen pictus Sw.
  • Lobaria picta (Sw.) Raeusch.
  • Parmelia picta (Sw.) Ach.
  • Parmelia plumosa Taylor
  • Physcia picta (Sw.) Nyl.
  • Physcia picta f. erythrocardia (Tuck.) J.W. Thomson
  • Physcia plumosa (Taylor) Nyl.
  • Pyxine picta (Sw.) Tuck.
  • Pyxine picta var. erythrocardia Tuck.
  • Squamaria picta (Sw.) Ach.
  • Physcia erythrocardia (Tuck.) Vain.

Dirinaria picta is a species of lichen within the family Caliciaceae, classified under the order Caliciales in the class Lecanoromycetes of the division Ascomycota.[2][3][4]

Etymology

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The specific epithet "picta" means "painted or variegated".[2]

Description

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Dirinaria picta forms suborbicular to spreading thalli, closely attached to the substrate, and can be saxicolous or corticolous. The lobes are stellate-radiating, contiguous, and pinnatifid to multifid, typically measuring 1-1.5 mm wide. They are generally discrete at the periphery, with acute to rounded apices that are not flabellate confluent.[5][6][2]

The upper surface is glaucous-white to pale grey, smooth, and sometimes faintly pruinose at the apices. Soralia are laminal, capitate, and sparsely distributed, with soredia that are fine and powdery. The lower surface is black. Apothecia are occasionally present, with a disc that is black and subpedicellate. Ascospores are biseriate and measure 12-21 × 5-9 μm.[5][6][2]

Distribution

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Dirinaria picta is distributed in various locations, including the Kermadec Islands, Bangladesh,[7] and several regions in New Zealand. It is also widely recorded from tropical areas from both hemispheres.[2]

Habitat

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This species is typically found on the bark of various tree species, including Rhopalostylis sapida, orange trees, Kunzea spp., Leptospermum scoparium, and Metrosideros excelsa. It also grows on fenceposts in open grassland areas.[2]

Similar taxa

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Dirinaria picta can be distinguished from Dirinaria applanata by its pinnately or subpinnately divided lobes, which are discrete at the periphery, with narrow to oblong apices. Additionally, the thallus of D. picta is less wrinkled-plicate compared to that of D. applanata.[2]

Substrate

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The species Dirinaria picta typically thrives on bark surfaces, a habitat known as corticolous.[5][6][2]

References

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  1. ^ "Dirinaria picta (Sw.) Clem. & Shear". Catalogue of Life. Species 2000: Leiden, the Netherlands. Retrieved 16 March 2024.
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h "Dirinaria picta". New Zealand Plant Conservation Network. Retrieved 2024-03-15.
  3. ^ "Consortium of Lichen Herbaria - Dirinaria picta". lichenportal.org. Retrieved 2024-03-15.
  4. ^ Jayalal, Udeni; Oh, Sang-Sil; Joshi, Santosh; Oh, Soon-Ok; Hur, Jae-Seoun (2013-09-01). "The Lichen Dirinaria picta New to South Korea". Mycobiology. 41 (3): 155–158. doi:10.5941/MYCO.2013.41.3.155. ISSN 1229-8093. PMC 3817231.
  5. ^ a b c Galloway D.J. 1985: Flora of New Zealand: Lichens. Wellington: PD Hasselberg, Government Printer. 662 pp.
  6. ^ a b c Galloway D.J. 2007: Flora of New Zealand: Lichens, including lichen-forming and lichenicolous fungi. 2nd edition. Lincoln, Manaaki Whenua Press. 2261 pp.
  7. ^ Aptroot, A. and Iqbal, S.H. (2011) Some lichens of Bangladesh. The Bryologist 114(3): 466–468.   (RLL List # 225 / Rec. # 33313 - Recent Literature on Lichens) (DOI:10.1639/0007-2745-114.3.466) (JSTOR) (Dirinaria picta recorded for Bangladesh)

Further reading

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  • Awasthi, D.D. (1975) A Monograph of the Lichen Genus Dirinaria. - Bibliotheca Lichenologica No. 2, J. Cramer, Lehre. 108 pp.   (RLL List # 93-3 / Rec. # 1294 - Recent Literature on Lichens) (Illustrations of Dirinaria picta: figs. 42, 43, 44 & 45)
  • \Brodo, I.M.; Sharnoff, S.D. and Sharnoff, S. (2001) Dirinaria (pp. 305-307) In, Lichens of North America. Yale University Press, New Haven, 795 pages. (Discussion of Dirinaria picta: pp. 306-307; distribution map for North America: p. 306; color photo: p. 307, plate 318)
  • GASPARYAN A, SIPMAN HJM, LÜCKING R. Ramalina europaea and R. labiosorediata, two new species of the R. pollinaria group (Ascomycota: Ramalinaceae), and new typifications for Lichen pollinarius and L. squarrosus. The Lichenologist. 2017;49(4):301-319. doi:10.1017/S0024282917000226
  • Kalb, K. (2004). "Dirinaria". In Nash III, T.H.; Ryan, B.D.; Diederich, P.; Gries, C.; Bungartz, F. (eds.). Lichen Flora of the Greater Sonoran Desert Region, Vol. 2. Tempe, Arizona: Lichens Unlimited. pp. 98–103. ISBN 0971675910.
  • Thomson, J.W. (1963) The Lichen Genus Physcia in North America. - Beihefte zur Nova Hedwigia, Heft 7. J. Cramer. viii + 172 pp.   (RLL List # 46 / Rec. # 18472 - Recent Literature on Lichens) (Illustration of Dirinaria picta: plate 46)
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