Comparison of national standards of Chinese
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The Chinese language enjoys the status as official language in mainland China, Hong Kong, Macau, Singapore and Taiwan. It is recognized as a minority language in Malaysia. However, the language shows a high degree of regional variation among these territories.
Linguistic differences
[edit]In many cases, those in China, Hong Kong, Macau, Malaysia, Singapore, and Taiwan use different words for the same meaning.
This section seeks to illustrate the differences in vocabulary by a limited selected examples. Note that language used in Hong Kong is almost identical to that of Macau, and that Malaysian vocabulary is identical to Singaporean vocabulary.[citation needed]
Meaning | China | Hong Kong | Macau | Malaysia | Singapore | Taiwan |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Simplified | Traditional | Traditional | Simplified | Simplified | Traditional | |
bus | 公交车/大巴 / 公共汽车 | 巴士 | 巴士 | 巴士 | 巴士 | 公車 |
taxi | 出租车, 的士, 计程车 | 的士, 的 | 的士, 的 | 德士 | 德士 | 計程車, 小黃 |
police | 公安/警察 | 差人/警察 | 差人/治安警/司警 | 警察/警卫/马达 | 警察/警卫/马达 | 警察 / 員警/警衛 |
town square | 广场 | 廣場 | 前地 | 广场 | 广场 | 廣場 |
laser | 激光, 镭射 | 鐳射, 雷射, 激光 | 鐳射, 雷射, 激光 | 激光, laser | 激光, laser | 雷射 |
rapid transit | 轨道交通/地铁 | 地鐵 | 地鐵 | 地铁 | 地铁 | 捷運 |
light rail | 轻轨, 有轨电车 | 輕鐵 | 輕軌 | 轻轨 | 轻轨 | 輕軌 |
instant noodles | 方便面, 泡面 | 即食麵, 公仔麵 | 即食麵, 公仔麵 | 泡面, 快熟面 | 泡面, 快熟面 | 泡麵, 速食麵, 生力麵 |
Cantonese | 粤语/广东话/广州话 | 粵語/廣東話/廣州話 | 粵語/廣東話/廣州話 | 粤语 | 粤语 | 粵語 |
Mandarin | 国语/普通话 | 國語/普通話 | 國語/普通話 | 华语 | 华语 | 國語 |
potato | 土豆, 马铃薯, 地蛋, 洋芋 | 薯仔 | 薯仔 | 马铃薯 | 马铃薯 | 馬鈴薯, 洋芋 |
pineapple | 凤梨/菠萝 | 菠蘿, 鳳梨(only in 鳳梨酥) | 菠蘿 | 黄梨 | 黄梨 | 鳳梨, 黃梨(in Hakka language), 菠蘿(in 菠蘿包) |
lorry/truck | 卡车(large truck);货车 | 貨車, 貨櫃車(cargo container truck) | 貨車, 貨櫃車(cargo container truck) | 罗里 | 罗里 | 貨車, 貨櫃車(cargo container truck)[1] |
tights/pantyhose[2] | 裤袜/连裤袜 | 襪褲 | 襪褲 | 裤袜 | 裤袜 | 褲襪 |
lunch box/bento[2] | 盒饭 | 飯盒 | 飯盒 | 便当, 盒饭 | 便当, 盒饭 | 便當, 飯盒[3] |
butter | 黄油 | 牛油 | 牛油 | 牛油 | 牛油 | 奶油 |
air-conditioner | 空调 | 冷氣機 | 冷氣機 | 冷气机 | 冷气机 | 冷氣機 |
paperclip | 回形针/回纹针 | 萬字夾 | 萬字夾 | 回形针 | 回形针 | 迴紋針 |
rock paper scissors | 石头剪子布 | 包剪揼 | 包剪揼 | 剪刀石头布 | 剪刀石头布 | 剪刀石頭布 |
plastic bag | 袋子/塑料袋 | 膠袋 | 膠袋 | 塑胶袋, 塑料袋 | 塑胶袋, 塑料袋 | 塑膠袋 |
wet market | 商场 | 街市 | 商場 | 巴刹 | 巴刹 | 商場 |
Printer | 打印机 | 打印機 | 打印機 | 打印机 | 打印机 | 印表機 |
See also
[edit]- Regional variants of the Mandarin language
- Regional variants of Cantonese
- Regional variants of the English language
- Regional differences in the Korean language
- Regional differences in the Portuguese language
- Differences between Malay language (Bahasa Melayu) and Indonesian language (Bahasa Indonesia)
References
[edit]- ^ 貨車追撞貨櫃車 1乘客當場慘死
- ^ a b 港人光大倒裝 詞彙自成一格 Archived 2013-02-09 at archive.today
- ^ 「熱米飯帶著走」 韓式飯盒進攻台灣