Dermacentor

Dermacentor; Temporal range: Neogene–present PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N
	Dermacentor occidentalis
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Arthropoda
Class:	Arachnida
Subclass:	Acari
Superorder:	Parasitiformes
Order:	Ixodida
Family:	Ixodidae
Genus:	Dermacentor; C.L.Koch, 1844
Type species
	Dermacentor reticulatus; (Fabricius, 1794)
Synonyms
	Amblyocentor Schulze, 1932; Anocentor Schulze, 1937;

Dermacentor is a genus of ticks in the family Ixodidae, the hard ticks. The genus has a cosmopolitan distribution, with native species on all continents except Australia. Most are found in North America.^[2]

Hosts of Dermacentor ticks include many large and small mammals, including horses, deer, cattle, lagomorphs, peccaries, porcupines, tapirs, desert bighorn sheep, and humans.^[2] The American dog tick (D. variabilis) is a member of the genus.^[3]

Dermacentor species are vectors of many pathogens, including Rickettsia rickettsii, which causes the disease Rocky Mountain spotted fever, Coxiella burnetii, which causes Q fever, Anaplasma marginale, which causes anaplasmosis in cattle, Francisella tularensis, which causes tularemia, Babesia caballi, which causes equine piroplasmosis, and the Flavivirus that causes Powassan encephalitis.^[2] Dermacentor ticks inject a neurotoxin that causes tick paralysis.^[2]

Species

As of 2019, about 41 species are placed in the genus:

Dermacentor abaensis Teng, 1963
Dermacentor albipictus Packard, 1869 – winter tick
Dermacentor andersoni Stiles, 1908 – Rocky Mountain wood tick
Dermacentor asper Arthur, 1960
Dermacentor atrosignatus Neumann, 1906
Dermacentor auratus Supino, 1897
Dermacentor bellulus Schulze, 1933
Dermacentor circumguttatus Neumann, 1897
Dermacentor compactus Neumann, 1901
Dermacentor confragus Schulze, 1933
Dermacentor dispar Cooley, 1937
Dermacentor dissimilis Cooley, 1947
Dermacentor everestianus Hirst, 1926
Dermacentor filippovae Apanaskevich & Apanaskevich, 2015^[4]
Dermacentor halli McIntosh, 1931
Dermacentor hunteri Bishopp, 1912
Dermacentor imitans Warburton 1933
Dermacentor kamshadalus Neumann, 1908^[5]
Dermacentor laothaiensis Apanaskevich et al., 2019^[6]
Dermacentor latus Cooley, 1937
Dermacentor limbooliati Apanaskevich & Apanaskevich, 2015^[7]
Dermacentor marginatus Sulzer, 1776
Dermacentor montanus Filippova & Panova, 1974
Dermacentor nitens Neumann, 1897
Dermacentor niveus Neumann 1897
Dermacentor nuttalli Olenev, 1928
Dermacentor occidentalis Marx, 1892 - Pacific Coast tick
Dermacentor panamensis Apanaskevich & Bermúdez, 2013^[8]
Dermacentor parumapertus Neumann, 1901
Dermacentor pasteuri Apanaskevich et al., 2020^[9]
Dermacentor pavlovskyi Olenev 1927
Dermacentor pomerantzevi Serdyukova, 1951
Dermacentor pseudocompactus Apanaskevich & Apanaskevich, 2016^[10]
Dermacentor raskemensis Pomerantsev, 1946
Dermacentor reticulatus Fabricius, 1794 – ornate cow tick, ornate dog tick, meadow tick, marsh tick
Dermacentor rhinocerinus Denny, 1843
Dermacentor silvarum Olenev 1931
Dermacentor sinicus Schulze, 1932
Dermacentor steini Schulze, 1933
Dermacentor taiwanensis Sugimoto, 1935
Dermacentor tamokensis Apanaskevich & Apanaskevich, 2016^[10]
Dermacentor ushakovae Filippova & Panova 1987
Dermacentor variabilis Say, 1821 – wood tick, American dog tick

References

^ Don R. Arthur (1960). "The genus Dermacentor: 1. General". The genera Dermacentor, Anocentor, Cosmiomma, Boophilus, Margaropus. Ticks. Vol. 5. Cambridge University Press. pp. 6–37.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d C. E. Yunker; J. E. Keirans; C. M. Clifford; E. R. Easton (1986). "Dermacentor ticks (Acari: Ixodoidea: Ixodidae) of the New World: a scanning electron microscope atlas" (PDF). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington. 88 (4): 609–627. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2013-10-29. Retrieved 2013-09-04.
^ W. Chen; P. E. Kaufman (2008). "American Dog Tick, Dermacentor variabilis (Say) (Arachnida: Ixodida: Ixodidae)". Entomology and Nematology. Florida Cooperative Extension Service. University of Florida Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences. EENY-443. Retrieved December 4, 2013.
^ Apanaskevich, Dmitry A.; Apanaskevich, Maria A. (September 2015). "Description of a New Dermacentor (Acari: Ixodidae) Species from Thailand and Vietnam". Journal of Medical Entomology. 52 (5): 806–812. doi:10.1093/jme/tjv067. PMC 4668757. PMID 26336207.
^ Dmitry A Apanaskevich, Stephen C Barker, Dermacentor kamshadalus (Acari: Ixodidae), a Tick of Mountain Goats and Sheep in Western United States, Canada, and Russia, Is a Valid Species, Journal of Medical Entomology, tjaa190, https://doi.org/10.1093/jme/tjaa190.
^ Apanaskevich, Dmitry A.; Chaloemthanetphong, Aummarin; Vongphayloth, Khamsing; Ahantarig, Arunee; Apanaskevich, Maria A.; Brey, Paul T.; Hertz, Jeffrey C.; Lakeomany, Khaithong; Sutherland, Ian W.; Trinachartvanit, Wachareeporn (20 May 2019). "Description of a new species of Dermacentor Koch, 1844 (Acari: Ixodidae) from Laos and Thailand". Systematic Parasitology. 96 (6): 475–484. doi:10.1007/s11230-019-09861-z. PMID 31111306. S2CID 160013314.
^ Apanaskevich, M. A.; Apanaskevich, D. A. (25 February 2015). "Description of New Dermacentor (Acari: Ixodidae) Species from Malaysia and Vietnam". Journal of Medical Entomology. 52 (2): 156–162. doi:10.1093/jme/tjv001. PMC 4481718. PMID 26336300.
^ Dmitry A. Apanaskevich; Sergio E. Bermúdez (2013). "Description of a new Dermacentor (Acari: Ixodidae) species, a parasite of wild mammals in Central America". Journal of Medical Entomology. 50 (6): 1190–1201. doi:10.1603/ME13121. PMID 24843922.
^ Dmitry Apanaskevich, Khamsing Vongphayloth, Pattraporn Jeangkhwoa, Aummarin Chaloemthanetphong, Arunee Ahantarig, Maria Apanaskevich, Paul T. Brey, Khaithong Lakeomany, Wachareeporn Trinachartvanit. 2020. Description of a new species of Dermacentor Koch, 1844 (Acari: Ixodidae) from the mountains of Laos and Thailand. Systematic Parasitology, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11230-020-09916-6. Last accessed 11 Jun 2020.
^ ^a ^b Dmitry A. Apanaskevich and Maria A. Apanaskevich. 2016. Description of Two New Species of Dermacentor Koch, 1844 (Acari: Ixodidae) From Oriental Asia. Systematic Parasitology 2016 Feb;93(2):159-71. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11230-015-9614-8. Epub 2016 Jan 20.

External links

S. J. Dergousoff; N. B. Chilton (2007). "Differentiation of three species of ixodid tick, Dermacentor andersoni, D. variabilis and D. albipictus, by PCR-based approaches using markers in ribosomal DNA". Molecular and Cellular Probes. 21 (5–6): 343–348. doi:10.1016/j.mcp.2007.04.003. PMID 17544620.

[Arthur-1] Don R. Arthur (1960). "The genus Dermacentor: 1. General". The genera Dermacentor, Anocentor, Cosmiomma, Boophilus, Margaropus. Ticks. Vol. 5. Cambridge University Press. pp. 6–37.

[yunk-2] C. E. Yunker; J. E. Keirans; C. M. Clifford; E. R. Easton (1986). "Dermacentor ticks (Acari: Ixodoidea: Ixodidae) of the New World: a scanning electron microscope atlas" (PDF). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington. 88 (4): 609–627. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2013-10-29. Retrieved 2013-09-04.

[3] W. Chen; P. E. Kaufman (2008). "American Dog Tick, Dermacentor variabilis (Say) (Arachnida: Ixodida: Ixodidae)". Entomology and Nematology. Florida Cooperative Extension Service. University of Florida Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences. EENY-443. Retrieved December 4, 2013.

[A&A-4] Apanaskevich, Dmitry A.; Apanaskevich, Maria A. (September 2015). "Description of a New Dermacentor (Acari: Ixodidae) Species from Thailand and Vietnam". Journal of Medical Entomology. 52 (5): 806–812. doi:10.1093/jme/tjv067. PMC 4668757. PMID 26336207.

[A&B2020-5] Dmitry A Apanaskevich, Stephen C Barker, Dermacentor kamshadalus (Acari: Ixodidae), a Tick of Mountain Goats and Sheep in Western United States, Canada, and Russia, Is a Valid Species, Journal of Medical Entomology, tjaa190, https://doi.org/10.1093/jme/tjaa190.

[Aetal2019-6] Apanaskevich, Dmitry A.; Chaloemthanetphong, Aummarin; Vongphayloth, Khamsing; Ahantarig, Arunee; Apanaskevich, Maria A.; Brey, Paul T.; Hertz, Jeffrey C.; Lakeomany, Khaithong; Sutherland, Ian W.; Trinachartvanit, Wachareeporn (20 May 2019). "Description of a new species of Dermacentor Koch, 1844 (Acari: Ixodidae) from Laos and Thailand". Systematic Parasitology. 96 (6): 475–484. doi:10.1007/s11230-019-09861-z. PMID 31111306. S2CID 160013314.

[7] Apanaskevich, M. A.; Apanaskevich, D. A. (25 February 2015). "Description of New Dermacentor (Acari: Ixodidae) Species from Malaysia and Vietnam". Journal of Medical Entomology. 52 (2): 156–162. doi:10.1093/jme/tjv001. PMC 4481718. PMID 26336300.

[A&B-8] Dmitry A. Apanaskevich; Sergio E. Bermúdez (2013). "Description of a new Dermacentor (Acari: Ixodidae) species, a parasite of wild mammals in Central America". Journal of Medical Entomology. 50 (6): 1190–1201. doi:10.1603/ME13121. PMID 24843922.

[Apetal202-9] Dmitry Apanaskevich, Khamsing Vongphayloth, Pattraporn Jeangkhwoa, Aummarin Chaloemthanetphong, Arunee Ahantarig, Maria Apanaskevich, Paul T. Brey, Khaithong Lakeomany, Wachareeporn Trinachartvanit. 2020. Description of a new species of Dermacentor Koch, 1844 (Acari: Ixodidae) from the mountains of Laos and Thailand. Systematic Parasitology, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11230-020-09916-6. Last accessed 11 Jun 2020.

[A&A2016-10] Dmitry A. Apanaskevich and Maria A. Apanaskevich. 2016. Description of Two New Species of Dermacentor Koch, 1844 (Acari: Ixodidae) From Oriental Asia. Systematic Parasitology 2016 Feb;93(2):159-71. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11230-015-9614-8. Epub 2016 Jan 20.

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