Dennis Toeppen
Dennis Toeppen | |
|---|---|
| Born | 1964 (age 59–60) |
| Education | AS, BS, BS, MS, MBA |
| Alma mater | University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Northwestern University University of Chicago |
| Years active | 1983–2019 |
| Known for | Web domain litigation, bus transportation |
| Website | toeppen |
Dennis Toeppen (born 1964) is an American entrepreneur and owner of bus company Suburban Express. He was a party to two cases of first impression relating to domain name registration.
Early life and education
[edit]Dennis Eric Toeppen grew up in Mount Prospect, Illinois. He graduated from Prospect High School in 1982 and enrolled at the University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign, majoring in electrical engineering. He later changed his major to business, and graduated with a BS in Finance in 1987.[1] Thereafter, he attended the University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign, where he earned a BS in Economics, Northwestern University, where he earned an MS in Transportation, and University of Chicago, where he earned an MBA, and Parkland College, where he earned an AS in Construction Management.[2]
Bus transportation
[edit]In 1983, Toeppen founded Suburban Express to provide transportation from University of Illinois to Chicago Suburbs. Toeppen attacked monopolist Greyhound Lines using a novel approach not subject to regulation as a public utility. By 1985, Toeppen had captured approximately 50% of Greyhound's ridership.[1]
Toeppen also started Allerton Charter Coach, Inc., a charter bus company with three buses and four vans as of 2014. It operated as a subcontractor for Suburban Express.[3]
Suburban Express and Allerton Charter Coach stopped operating in May 2019. Said Toeppen, "I stopped enjoying this business around 2001, and I think it's beginning to show."[4]
Domain registration & trademark litigation
[edit]In 1995, Toeppen registered about 200 internet domain names including some which were similar to well known companies and popular trademarks.[5] Some of them included panavision.com (Panavision), deltaairlines.com (Delta Air Lines), neiman-marcus.com (Neiman Marcus), eddiebauer.com (Eddie Bauer) and yankeestadium.com (New York Yankees).[5] Some of these companies, like Delta Air Lines,[6] paid Toeppen to acquire the domain names from him.[7]
In 1996, Panavision, a camera manufacturing company, sued Toeppen for trademark infringement instead of paying him $13,000 for the domain. In 1998, the court ruled that Toeppen had to relinquish the domain name to Panavision.[5][8][9][10] In a similar case brought in 1996, Intermatic Inc., a timer manufacturing company, sued Toeppen rather than pay him $5,000 for the domain name intermatic.com.[11] The court ruled that the domain be transferred to Intermatic but ruled Intermatic had not proven willful trademark infringement or unfair competition.[12]
Both the Panavision and Intermatic cases were matters of first impression for the U.S. Courts in dealing with trademarks and domain registrations.[13] The practice of registering trademarked words as domains for sale to trademark holders became known as "cybersquatting", a term that was first used by a court in 1998.[14][15] In November 1999, after the Panavision case had ended, and while Intermatic Inc. v. Toeppen was still pending, the United States gave trademark holders a cause of action against registrants of domain names containing trademarks, in the Anticybersquatting Consumer Protection Act.[7]
By 2023, Toeppen's domain sales from the initial domain registrations totaled more than USD 2 Million. [16]
References
[edit]- ^ a b Rozek, Dan (1985-10-20). "Fare wars - Bus service run by student butts heads with Greyhound" (PDF). Daily Herald (Arlington Heights). Retrieved 2016-02-22.
- ^ "Dennis Toeppen's website". Retrieved June 20, 2013.
- ^ "Buses". Allerton Charter website. Retrieved 2014-01-28.
- ^ "Suburban Express shuts down". www.chicagotribune.com. Retrieved 2019-05-09.
- ^ a b c Bidgoli, Hossein. The Internet Encyclopedia: P - Z. p. 455.
- ^ Wayner, Peter (September 21, 1998). "Compressed Data; What's in a Web Name? Sometimes, Mistaken Identity". New York Times. Retrieved 2013-06-28.
- ^ a b Newenham, Pamela (2013-05-30). "Make sure you have control of your domain – or prepare to pay the price". The Irish Times. Retrieved 2013-06-28.
- ^ Spinello, Richard. Cyberethics: Morality and Law in Cyberspace.
- ^ Graham, Lawrence (1999). Legal Battles That Shaped the Computer Industry. Praeger. pp. 135–138. ISBN 1567201784.
- ^ Peter, Lewis (1996-09-12). "The Internet's Gatekeeper May Cash In on Its Role". The New York Times. Retrieved 20 June 2013.
- ^ "Intermatic Inc. v. Toeppen, 947 F. Supp. 1227 (N.D. Ill. 1996)". Retrieved 15 June 2016.
{{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires|journal=(help) - ^ "Intermatic Inc. v. Toeppen, 947 F. Supp. 1227 (N.D. Ill. 1996)". 23 March 2001. Retrieved 15 June 2016.
As in Panavision International LP v Toeppen...The particular issues in this case were primarily issues of first impression and at the relevant period there was a lack of legal precedent regarding issues arising from the intersection of trademark law and the Internet.
{{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires|journal=(help) - ^ "Avery Dennison v Sumpton". Intellectual Property in Cyberspace: Domain Names & Trademarks. Berkman Center for Internet & Society at Harvard University. Retrieved 15 June 2016.
- ^ Isenberg, Doug. "The Origins of 'Cybersquatting'". Retrieved 15 June 2016.
- ^ "Dennis Toeppen's website". Retrieved June 7, 2023.