Cyclohexene oxide

Cyclohexene oxide
Names
	IUPAC name 7-Oxabicyclo[4.1.0]heptane
	Other names Epoxycyclohexane
Identifiers
CAS Number	286-20-4 ;
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image;
ChemSpider	8890;
ECHA InfoCard	100.005.462
PubChem CID	9246;
UNII	1XYE04C550 ;
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID6024880 ;
	InChI InChI=1S/C6H10O/c1-2-4-6-5(3-1)7-6/h5-6H,1-4H2 Key: ZWAJLVLEBYIOTI-UHFFFAOYSA-N;
	SMILES C1CCC2C(C1)O2;
Properties
Chemical formula	C6H10O
Molar mass	98.145 g·mol−1
Appearance	Colorless liquid
Density	0.97 g·cm−3
Melting point	ca. -40 °C
Boiling point	ca. 130 °C
Solubility in water	Practically insoluble
Vapor pressure	12 mbar (at 20 °C)
	Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). Infobox references

Cyclohexene oxide is a cycloaliphatic epoxide. It can react in cationic polymerization to poly(cyclohexene oxide). As cyclohexene is monovalent, poly(cyclohexene oxide) is a thermoplastic.

Production

Cyclohexene oxide is produced in epoxidation reaction from cyclohexene. The epoxidation can take place either in a homogeneous reaction by peracids^[2] or heterogeneous catalysis (e.g. silver and molecular oxygen).^[3]^[4]^[5]

In industrial production the heterogeneously catalyzed synthesis is preferred because of better atom economy, a simpler separation of the product and easier recycling of catalyst. A short overview and an investigation of the oxidation of cyclohexene by hydrogen peroxide is given in the literature.^[6] In recent times the catalytic oxidation of cyclohexene by (immobilized) metalloporphyrin complexes has been found to be an efficient way.^[7]^[8]

In laboratory, cyclohexene oxide can also be prepared by reacting cyclohexene with magnesium monoperoxyphthalate (MMPP) in a mixture of isopropanol and water as solvent at room temperature.^[9]

With this method, good yields up to 85 % can be reached.

Properties and reactions

Cyclohexene oxide has been studied extensively by analytical methods.^[10] Cyclohexene oxide can be polymerized in solution, catalyzed by a solid acid catalyst.^[11]

References

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f Record of Epoxycyclohexane in the GESTIS Substance Database of the Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, accessed on 1 February 2014.
^ M. Quenard; V. Bonmarin; G. Gelbard (1987). "Epoxidation of olefins by hydrogen peroxide catalyzed by phosphonotungstic complexes". Tetrahedron Letters. 28 (20): 2237–2238. doi:10.1016/S0040-4039(00)96089-1.
^ Ha Q. Pham; Maurice J. Marks (2005), "Epoxy Resins", Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry (in German), doi:10.1002/14356007.a09_547.pub2, ISBN 3527306730
^ Siegfried Rebsdat; Dieter Mayer (2001), "Ethylene Oxide", Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry (in German), doi:10.1002/14356007.a10_117, ISBN 3527306730
^ Morazzoni, Franca; Canevali, Carmen; d'Aprile, Fiorenza; Bianchi, Claudia L.; Tempesti, Ezio; Giuffrè, Luigi; Airoldi, Giuseppe (1995). "Spectroscopic investigation of the molybdenum active sites on Mo^VI heterogeneous catalysts for alkene epoxidation". Journal of the Chemical Society, Faraday Transactions. 91 (21): 3969–3974. doi:10.1039/FT9959103969.
^ Ambili, V K; Dr.Sugunan, S (April 2011), Faculty of Sciences (ed.), Studies on Catalysis by Ordered Mesoporous SBA-15 Materials Modified with Transition Metals (in German), Cochin University of Science and Technology, retrieved 2014-07-27{{citation}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
^ Costa, Andréia A. Ghesti; Grace F. de Macedo; Julio L. Braga; Valdeilson S. Santos; Marcello M. Dias; José A. Dias; Sílvia C.L. (2008). "Immobilization of Fe, Mn and Co tetraphenylporphyrin complexes in MCM-41 and their catalytic activity in cyclohexene oxidation reaction by hydrogen peroxide". Journal of Molecular Catalysis A: Chemical. 282 (1–2): 149–157. doi:10.1016/j.molcata.2007.12.024.
^ Xian-Tai Zhou; Hong-Bing Ji; Jian-Chang Xu; Li-Xia Pei; Le-Fu Wang; Xing-Dong Yao (2007). "Enzymatic-like mediated olefins epoxidation by molecular oxygen under mild conditions". Tetrahedron Letters. 48 (15): 2691–2695. doi:10.1016/j.tetlet.2007.02.066.
^ Brougham, Paul; Cooper, Mark S.; Cummerson, David A.; Heaney, Harry; Thompson, Nicola (1987). "Oxidation Reactions Using Magnesium Monoperphthalate: A Comparison with m-Chloroperoxybenzoic Acid". Synthesis. 1987 (11): 1015–1017. doi:10.1055/s-1987-28153. Retrieved 2020-07-31.
^ RM Ibberson; O. Yamamuro; I. Tsukushi (2006). "The crystal structures and phase behaviour of cyclohexene oxide". Chemical Physics Letters. 423 (4–6): 454–458. Bibcode:2006CPL...423..454I. doi:10.1016/j.cplett.2006.04.004.
^ Ahmed Yahiaoui; Mohammed Belbachir; Jeanne Claude Soutif; Laurent Fontaine (2005). "Synthesis and structural analyses of poly(1,2-cyclohexene oxide) over solid acid catalyst". Materials Letters. 59 (7): 759–767. doi:10.1016/j.matlet.2004.11.017.

[GESTIS-1] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f Record of Epoxycyclohexane in the GESTIS Substance Database of the Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, accessed on 1 February 2014.

[2] M. Quenard; V. Bonmarin; G. Gelbard (1987). "Epoxidation of olefins by hydrogen peroxide catalyzed by phosphonotungstic complexes". Tetrahedron Letters. 28 (20): 2237–2238. doi:10.1016/S0040-4039(00)96089-1.

[3] Ha Q. Pham; Maurice J. Marks (2005), "Epoxy Resins", Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry (in German), doi:10.1002/14356007.a09_547.pub2, ISBN 3527306730

[4] Siegfried Rebsdat; Dieter Mayer (2001), "Ethylene Oxide", Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry (in German), doi:10.1002/14356007.a10_117, ISBN 3527306730

[5] Morazzoni, Franca; Canevali, Carmen; d'Aprile, Fiorenza; Bianchi, Claudia L.; Tempesti, Ezio; Giuffrè, Luigi; Airoldi, Giuseppe (1995). "Spectroscopic investigation of the molybdenum active sites on Mo^VI heterogeneous catalysts for alkene epoxidation". Journal of the Chemical Society, Faraday Transactions. 91 (21): 3969–3974. doi:10.1039/FT9959103969.

[6] Ambili, V K; Dr.Sugunan, S (April 2011), Faculty of Sciences (ed.), Studies on Catalysis by Ordered Mesoporous SBA-15 Materials Modified with Transition Metals (in German), Cochin University of Science and Technology, retrieved 2014-07-27{{citation}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)

[7] Costa, Andréia A. Ghesti; Grace F. de Macedo; Julio L. Braga; Valdeilson S. Santos; Marcello M. Dias; José A. Dias; Sílvia C.L. (2008). "Immobilization of Fe, Mn and Co tetraphenylporphyrin complexes in MCM-41 and their catalytic activity in cyclohexene oxidation reaction by hydrogen peroxide". Journal of Molecular Catalysis A: Chemical. 282 (1–2): 149–157. doi:10.1016/j.molcata.2007.12.024.

[8] Xian-Tai Zhou; Hong-Bing Ji; Jian-Chang Xu; Li-Xia Pei; Le-Fu Wang; Xing-Dong Yao (2007). "Enzymatic-like mediated olefins epoxidation by molecular oxygen under mild conditions". Tetrahedron Letters. 48 (15): 2691–2695. doi:10.1016/j.tetlet.2007.02.066.

[9] Brougham, Paul; Cooper, Mark S.; Cummerson, David A.; Heaney, Harry; Thompson, Nicola (1987). "Oxidation Reactions Using Magnesium Monoperphthalate: A Comparison with m-Chloroperoxybenzoic Acid". Synthesis. 1987 (11): 1015–1017. doi:10.1055/s-1987-28153. Retrieved 2020-07-31.

[10] RM Ibberson; O. Yamamuro; I. Tsukushi (2006). "The crystal structures and phase behaviour of cyclohexene oxide". Chemical Physics Letters. 423 (4–6): 454–458. Bibcode:2006CPL...423..454I. doi:10.1016/j.cplett.2006.04.004.

[11] Ahmed Yahiaoui; Mohammed Belbachir; Jeanne Claude Soutif; Laurent Fontaine (2005). "Synthesis and structural analyses of poly(1,2-cyclohexene oxide) over solid acid catalyst". Materials Letters. 59 (7): 759–767. doi:10.1016/j.matlet.2004.11.017.

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

[7]

[8]

[9]

[10]

[11]