Cyanoketone

Cyanoketone
Clinical data
Other names	Cyanotrimethylandrostenolone; CTM; 2α-Cyano-4,4',17α-trimethylandrost-5-en-17β-ol-3-one
Identifiers
	IUPAC name (2S,8R,9S,10R,13S,14S,17S)-17-hydroxy-4,4,10,13,17-pentamethyl-3-oxo-1,2,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16-decahydrocyclopenta[a]phenanthrene-2-carbonitrile;
CAS Number	4248-66-2 ;
PubChem CID	20243;
ChemSpider	19069 ;
UNII	EPG65S4XCZ;
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID50962528 ;
Chemical and physical data
Formula	C23H33NO2
Molar mass	355.522 g·mol−1
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image;
	SMILES N#C[C@H]4C(=O)C(C\3=C\C[C@@H]2[C@H](CC[C@]1([C@H]2CC[C@@]1(O)C)C)[C@@]/3(C)C4)(C)C;
	InChI InChI=1S/C23H33NO2/c1-20(2)18-7-6-15-16(21(18,3)12-14(13-24)19(20)25)8-10-22(4)17(15)9-11-23(22,5)26/h7,14-17,26H,6,8-12H2,1-5H3/t14-,15+,16-,17-,21+,22-,23-/m0/s1 ; Key:GTBRTGPZZALPNS-MXHVRSFHSA-N ;
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Cyanoketone, also known as 2α-cyano-4,4',17α-trimethylandrost-5-en-17β-ol-3-one (CTM),^[1] is a synthetic androstane steroid and a steroidogenesis inhibitor which is used in scientific research.^[2]^[3]^[4] On account of its structural similarity to pregnenolone, cyanoketone binds to and acts as a potent, selective, and irreversible inhibitor of 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (3β-HSD),^[1]^[5] an enzyme that is responsible for the conversion of pregnenolone into progesterone, 17α-hydroxypregnenolone into 17α-hydroxyprogesterone, DHEATooltip dehydroepiandrosterone into androstenedione, and androstenediol into testosterone.^[2]^[3]^[6] As such, cyanoketone inhibits the production of both gonadal and adrenal steroids, including progesterone,^[5] androgens, estrogens, and corticosteroids.^[3]^[6] The drug is too toxic for therapeutic use in humans, and so has been used instead exclusively as a research tool.^[2]^[3]

References

^ ^a ^b Jones IC, Henderson IW (22 October 2013). General, Comparative and Clinical Endocrinology of the Adrenal Cortex. Elsevier Science. pp. 136–. ISBN 978-1-4832-5980-2.
^ ^a ^b ^c Thomas JA, Keenan EJ (6 December 2012). Principles of Endocrine Pharmacology. Springer Science & Business Media. pp. 280–. ISBN 978-1-4684-5036-1.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Thomas JA, Keenan EJ (6 December 2012). Principles of Endocrine Pharmacology. Springer Science & Business Media. pp. 11–12. ISBN 978-1-4684-5036-1.
^ Di Prisco CL, Materazzi G, Scattolini B (1971). "Inhibition of steroidogenesis by cyanoketone". Gynecologic Investigation. 2 (1): 309–315. doi:10.1159/000301873. PMID 4266510.
^ ^a ^b Bavister BD (6 December 2012). Preimplantation Embryo Development. Springer Science & Business Media. pp. 30–. ISBN 978-1-4613-9317-7.
^ ^a ^b Norris DO, Carr JA (4 May 2013). Vertebrate Endocrinology. Academic Press. pp. 71–. ISBN 978-0-12-396465-6.

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