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Crown of Creation

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Not to be confused with Crown of Creation (band).
Crown of Creation
Studio album by
Jefferson Airplane
ReleasedAugust 1968
RecordedFebruary–June 1968
StudioRCA (Hollywood, California)
GenreRock, psychedelic rock, acid rock
Length37:58
55:39 (2003 reissue)
LabelRCA Victor
ProducerAl Schmitt
Jefferson Airplane chronology
After Bathing at Baxter's
(1967) 		Crown of Creation
(1968) 		Bless Its Pointed Little Head
(1969)

Crown of Creation is the fourth studio album by the San Francisco psychedelic rock band Jefferson Airplane, released by RCA Victor in August 1968. The album saw the band continuing their development of psychedelic music,[1] emphasizing acid rock with science fiction themes.[2]

While failing to eclipse Surrealistic Pillow (1967) from a commercial standpoint, the album was a considerable success in comparison to its immediate predecessor, peaking at No. 6 on the Billboard Pop Charts and earning a RIAA gold certification. Its two singles ("Greasy Heart", released in March 1968, followed by the title track in November) were modest hits on the Hot 100 chart.[3][4] It was voted number 591 in Colin Larkin's All Time Top 1000 Albums 3rd Edition (2000).

Background

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Jefferson Airplane's third album, After Bathing at Baxter's, had received warm reviews from the underground press but was a relative commercial disappointment after Surrealistic Pillow, failing to reach gold record status. Just prior to recording the follow up, the group had their manager and promoter Bill Thompson purchase a large 20-room, three-story, home at 2400 Fulton Street directly across from Golden Gate Park in San Francisco where the members would live communally. Costing $73,000,[5] the home, known as "The Airplane House" or simply "The Mansion" included a refurbished basement with a built-in recording studio.[6] The band became a tight grouping and much of their composing began at their new headquarters. The combination of individuals continued the experimentation and visionary lyrical compositions that made them quintessential in the San Francisco psychedelic rock scene.[7] Writing was generally equal among the group members as they all took part in one or more tracks, with Marty Balin returning to the songwriting fold after his near-absence on After Bathing at Baxter's.[8]

Compositions and recording

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The band returned to RCA Studios in Hollywood on February 20, 1968 with producer Al Schmitt to record two tracks for their next single, Slick's "Greasy Heart" backed by Balin's "Share A Little Joke" (a song about its co-writer, band friend Gary Blackman). "Greasy Heart" was a hard rock song with wah-wah guitar work from Kaukonen that took lyrical aim at phony socialites obsessed with hair dyes, waxing and cosmetic surgery[9] yet flopped on release that March, reaching #98 on Billboard and falling off the charts in just three weeks.[6]

The rest of the album was recorded between March and June, in between gigs when time permitted,[10] during which the band overdubbed numerous distorted sound effects and multilayered guitar parts, with many tracks featuring Kaukonen's newly acquired wah-wah pedal.[11] Marty Balin wrote or co-wrote four tracks including "Share A Little Joke", the funky, wah-wah laden "If You Feel" (also penned with Blackman and inspired by the German poet Rilke) and two songs with Kantner, "In Time" and the post-nuclear closing epic "The House at Pooneil Corners", meant as a dark sequel to Kantner's earlier "The Ballad of You and Me and Pooneil."[12] In concert, the band would sometimes combine the two "Pooneil" tracks together for a medley sequence lasting nearly 20 minutes. Kantner also contributed the heavy acid-rock of the title track, with lyrics borrowed verbatim from John Wyndham's sci-fi novel The Chrysalids, now repurposed as a revolutionary counterculture anthem.[6] When the group appeared on The Smothers Brothers Comedy Hour to promote the song that November, Slick controversially wore blackface and gave the black power salute at the close of the performance.[6]

Slick also contributed "Lather", a folky, reflective piece inspired by boyfriend Spencer Dryden's upcoming 30th birthday about what it meant to grow old in a youth-oriented movement, which also featured a "nose solo" by Gary Blackman.[12] Dryden himself contributed the brief, eerie electronic piece "Chushingura" whose title and musical inspiration was taken from the soundtrack to the 1939 Japanese film. Guitarist Jorma Kaukonen wrote two tracks, "Star Track" and "Ice Cream Phoenix", the latter starting out as a ten-minute instrumental live jam but eventually pruned to three minutes with added lyrics. The group also covered David Crosby's "Triad", a controversial song about a ménage à trois that had been rejected by his band The Byrds the year prior; the Airplane gave it a soft acoustic arrangement featuring Slick on vocal lead.[13] According to Slick, "I have a definite sympathy with that situation, although I could never pull off a ménage à trois myself. I have enough trouble with one-to-one relationships".[14]

Stylistically the album was their most diverse to date, combining the hard rock and studio experimentation of Baxter's with the more concise pop songwriting acumen of Pillow. After the relative commercial failure of the previous album, the group were more cautious this time in choosing what to include. As Slick recalled, "if it worked, we put it on the album. If not, we left it on the floor of the control room. I guess after Baxter's we realized we couldn't afford the risks".[14] Among the experimental outtakes rejected for the album were Spencer's "Ribump Ba Bap Dum Dum" and "The Saga of Sydney Spacepig" along with an avant-garde collaboration between Slick and Frank Zappa titled "Would You Like A Snack?", which were all later added as bonus tracks to the CD release. As a result, Crown of Creation was more tightly structured than their previous effort, while retaining a psychedelic feel. Several guest musicians were involved in the development of the album including David Crosby, Bill Goodwin, and Tim Davis.[15]

Title and artwork

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The song "Crown of Creation" provided the album's title, which was taken with permission from John Wyndham's sci-fi novel The Chrysalids and refers to man as the "crown" or highest level of creation. The album cover artwork featured the band members' images duplicated in slightly different positions. In the background, there is a mushroom cloud from an atomic explosion courtesy of the USAF, which references the post-apocalyptic themes of the closing track "The House at Pooneil Corners". The design was produced by John Van Hamersveld in Los Angeles.[16] The vinyl release included a "Brumus sheet", which offered song lyrics and credits along with an image of Robert F. Kennedy's dog, Brumus. The band had dined with RFK at his home in February 1968 after performing at a telethon he sponsored, and later attempted to perform a free show with The Grateful Dead at Speedway Meadows after his assassination, but were prevented from doing so by police.[6]

Release

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Crown of Creation was released in August 1968 in the United States in stereo as RCA LSP-4058 and in mono as RCA LPM-4058. It would be the last Jefferson Airplane album to be released in mono and their second and final album to reach the Top Ten, peaking at No. 6.[17] Thanks to the then-new FM radio, the band received airplay for lengthier album tracks which kept them relevant, especially in the counterculture of the US.[6][18] However, the group continued to struggle on the singles charts as the follow up to "Greasy Heart", the politically tinged title track, fared better but still only reached No. 64.[19]

When the band went on tour in Europe and America to promote the album that fall, many of the album's songs were initially included in the set list, including "Lather", "In Time", "Triad" and "If You Feel" but were dropped within weeks, never to be heard from again.[20] However, "Star Track", "Crown Of Creation", "Greasy Heart" and "House At Pooneil Corners" stayed staples in their live shows through 1970.

An expanded edition of Crown of Creation was released on compact disc on August 11, 2003. Four bonus tracks are included, one of which is "Would You Like A Snack?", an avant-garde piece cowritten by Frank Zappa and Grace Slick.[21] Other tracks include the mono single mix of "Share A Little Joke", the previously unreleased eight-minute song, "The Saga of Sydney Spacepig" and "Ribump Ba Bap Dum Dum", which is a combination of noises, sound effects, and pop culture catch phrases. Along with the four bonus tracks is a hidden track, an acoustic cover of Reverend Gary Davis' "Candy Man".[22]

Critical reception

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Professional ratings
Review scores
SourceRating
AllMusic[2]
The Daily VaultA[24]
Encyclopedia of Popular Music[25]
Rolling Stone(neutral)[23]

The album initially received a mixed review in Rolling Stone, whose Jim Miller opined that it "shows the group caught in the midst of a struggle between style and stylization, and the results are sometimes ambiguous." He praised the use of acoustic guitars on "In Time" and "Triad" but thought Slick's vocal phrasing on "Greasy Heart" was "eccentric" and labeled "The House at Pooneil Corners" a "noble failure."[23] Cash Box said of "Greasy Heart" that it has a "potent throbbing rhythm, some outstanding guitar breaks and sharp vocal delivery."[26]

Retrospective reviews have been warmer, with many critics naming it one of the band's best albums for managing to impeccably represent the transition in 1968 between the lingering acid euphoria of the previous year with themes of unease and revolution that would come to dominate 1969's Volunteers. Bruce Eder at AllMusic states that it is "deliberately more accessible musically than its predecessor, even as the playing became more bold and daring within more traditional song structures" while praising "If You Feel" as one of Balin's most heartfelt vocal performances and "Pooneil Corners" as the group firing on all cylinders. [2] The Daily Vault's verdict is similarly effusive, gushing that the album was "almost the perfect release for 1968 and remains a wonderful snapshot of the era. The writing and musicianship, particularly the bass work of Jack Casady, was some of the best of the group's career and the decade."[24] In Colin Larkin's All Time Top 1000 Albums, where it ranks at #591, he writes it is a "rich and varied collection showing off the different talents of the main songwriters."

Track listing

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Side one
No.TitleWriter(s)Length
1."Lather"Grace Slick2:55
2."In Time"Paul Kantner, Marty Balin4:07
3."Triad"David Crosby4:54
4."Star Track"Jorma Kaukonen3:09
5."Share a Little Joke"Balin3:04
6."Chushingura" (instrumental)Spencer Dryden1:17
Side two
No.TitleWriter(s)Length
1."If You Feel"Balin, Gary Blackman3:30
2."Crown of Creation" (lyric based on John Wyndham's "The Chrysalids"[27])Kantner2:52
3."Ice Cream Phoenix"Kaukonen, Charles Cockey2:59
4."Greasy Heart"Slick3:25
5."The House at Pooneil Corners"Kantner, Balin5:46
August 19, 2003 CD bonus tracks
No.TitleWriter(s)Length
12."Ribump Ba Bap Dum Dum" (instrumental)Dryden, William Goodwin1:32
13."Would You Like a Snack?" ([28])Frank Zappa, Slick2:40
14."Share a Little Joke" (single version B-side RCA #9496)Balin3:09
15."The Saga of Sydney Spacepig"Dryden7:55
16."Candy Man" (hidden track)Rev. Gary Davis2:25

Personnel

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Jefferson Airplane
Additional musicians
Production
  • Al Schmitt – producer
  • Richie Schmitt – engineer
  • Pat Ieraci – 8-Track
  • Hiro – cover and back photography
  • USAF – bomb photo, sometimes attributed to the Hiroshima detonation, but is in fact one of the US desert testing explosions.
  • J. Van Hamersveld – album design, art direction
  • Bill Laudner – road manager
  • Chick Casady – equipment manager
  • Bill Thompson – manager

Charts

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Chart (1968–1969) Peak
position
Canada Top Albums/CDs (RPM)[30] 14
US Billboard 200[31] 6

Certifications

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Region Certification Certified units/sales
United States (RIAA)[32] Gold 500,000^

^ Shipments figures based on certification alone.

References

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  1. ^ "After Bathing at Baxter's". last.fm. Retrieved March 1, 2015.
  2. ^ a b c Eder, Bruce (2011). "Crown of Creation – Jefferson Airplane | AllMusic". allmusic.com. Retrieved 8 August 2011.
  3. ^ "Jefferson Airplane – Crown of Creation". guitarinternational.com. Retrieved March 1, 2015.
  4. ^ "40 Albums Baby Boomers Loved". rollingstone.com. Archived from the original on January 29, 2018. Retrieved March 1, 2015.
  5. ^ "Bill Thompson Dead at 70". sfgate.com. Retrieved March 1, 2015.
  6. ^ a b c d e f Jeff Tamarkin (2003). Got A Revolution!: The Turbulent Flight of Jefferson Airplane. Simon and Schuster. ISBN 9780671034030. Retrieved March 1, 2015.
  7. ^ "Scenes of San Francisco Rock". rockument.com. Retrieved March 1, 2015.
  8. ^ "Product – Crown of Creation". Sundazed.com. Archived from the original on May 10, 2012. Retrieved March 1, 2015.
  9. ^ Crown of Creation 2003 re-release liner notes
  10. ^ "Jefferson Airplane – Reviews". willardswormholes.com. Archived from the original on 2015-03-22. Retrieved March 1, 2015.
  11. ^ "Jefferson Airplane". warr.org. Retrieved March 1, 2015.
  12. ^ a b Tamarkin, Jeff (2003). Crown of Creation (booklet). Jefferson Airplane. RCA Records.
  13. ^ Rogan, Johnny. (1998). The Byrds: Timeless Flight Revisited (2nd ed.). Rogan House. pp. 228–233. ISBN 0-9529540-1-X.
  14. ^ a b Rowes, Barbara (1980). Grace Slick: The Biography. New York: Doubleday & Company. ISBN 0385133901.
  15. ^ "Crown Of Creation". Discogs. Retrieved August 30, 2024.
  16. ^ Crown of Creation:Rear cover
  17. ^ Crown of Creation:Front cover
  18. ^ "Jefferson Airplane – Chart Listings". billboard.com. Retrieved March 1, 2015.
  19. ^ "Jefferson Airplane". Billboard. Retrieved August 30, 2024.
  20. ^ Fenton, Craig. (2018). Take Me to a Circus Tent: the Jefferson Airplane Flight Manual (2nd ed.). Infinity Publishing.
  21. ^ "Crown of Creation – Bonus Tracks". discogs.com. Retrieved March 1, 2015.
  22. ^ Woodstra, Chris; Bush, John; Erlewine, Stephen Thomas (2007). Guide Required Listening. Hal Leonard Corporation. ISBN 9780879309176. Retrieved March 1, 2015.
  23. ^ a b Miller, Jim (October 26, 1968). "Jefferson Airplane: Crown of Creation : Music Reviews : Rolling Stone". Rolling Stone. Straight Arrow Publishers, Inc. Archived from the original on July 25, 2012. Retrieved September 2, 2022.
  24. ^ a b Bowling, David (2019). "The Daily Vault Music Reviews : Crown of Creation". dailyvault.com. Retrieved 28 January 2019.
  25. ^ Larkin, Colin (2007). Encyclopedia of Popular Music (5th ed.). Omnibus Press. ISBN 978-0857125958.
  26. ^ "CashBox Record Reviews" (PDF). Cash Box. March 30, 1968. p. 24. Retrieved 2022-01-12.
  27. ^ "Sampled with permission and most appropriately from John Wyndham's 'The Chrysalids', written specifically, originally, and humorously/ironically for and at the request of The Hubert Humphrey campaign for President, 1967 or -8 or so" - Kantner, Paul (2003). Lyrica – Paul Kantner's Theory of Everything. Little Dragon Press.
  28. ^ Frank Zappa is credited as the "leader" on "Would You Like a Snack?". Zappa bandmates Art Tripp, Ian Underwood and Don Preston also appear. Zappa released a song by the same name on 200 Motels, which is completely unrelated to the Jefferson Airplane track. The melody of that track is from Zappa's "Holiday in Berlin" composition, whereas the Jefferson Airplane track is an original composition. "Would You Like a Snack?" was first issued as part of the Jefferson Airplane Loves You box set in 1992. [1].
  29. ^ Drummer and co-founder of The Steve Miller Band.
  30. ^ "Top RPM Albums: Issue 5806". RPM. Library and Archives Canada. Retrieved 25 June 2023.
  31. ^ "Jefferson Airplane Chart History (Billboard 200)". Billboard. Retrieved 25 June 2023.
  32. ^ "American album certifications – Jefferson Airplane – Crown of Creation". Recording Industry Association of America.

Notes

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