Creobroter
| Flower mantis | |
|---|---|
| |
| Creobroter gemmatus | |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Mantodea |
| Family: | Hymenopodidae |
| Tribe: | Hymenopodini |
| Genus: | Creobroter Serville, 1839[1][2] |
| Type species | |
| Harpax (Creobroter) discifera Serville, 1839
| |
| Species | |
|
see text | |
| Synonyms | |
| |
Creobroter is a genus of flower mantises in the tribe Hymenopodini; species are concentrated in Asia. The name comes from the Greek kreo-, meaning "flesh") and broter" meaning "eating", therefore, "flesh-eating", an apt name for a predatory insect. Both sexes have long wings and are capable fliers. Full-grown males are about 3 to 4 cm in length; females are about 4 to 5 cm.[3][4]
Camouflage and mimicry
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As the common name indicates, Creobroter spp. are known for having varicolored (yellow, white, red, brown, etc.) markings, which serve as camouflage by hiding the creatures' actual shape and making them look somewhat like flowers when hiding amidst green foliage.[4][5]
The resemblance to flowers may be greater in subadults of Creobroter than adults. This flower mimicry is only partial, but is attractive enough to make Creobroter species favored as pets, especially as they are more common and less delicate than the more flower-like Hymenopus.[3][4][6]
In some species (such as C. gemmatus), these markings also serve as eyespots when the mantis spreads its wings in a deimatic display.[7]
Rather than resembling foliage or flowers, some species of Creobroter resemble ants during their early nymph stages. Ant mimicry is a useful defense against predation for the young, as most ants are relatively unpalatable and aggressive, making insect predators that rely on vision to identify their prey, such as birds and wasps, avoid them.[4]
Around their third ecdysis, Creobroter spp. trade their ant-mimicking, dark, shiny appearance for the green and light-colored markings that make their outline so difficult to discern amidst vegetation.[4]
Species
[edit]No consistency is seen for the use of English common names for these species. For example, at least two Creobroter species found in India have been called "Indian flower mantis". Conversely, a Creobroter sp. collected in Thailand might be displayed in a collection as a "Thai flower mantis", while the same species collected elsewhere might be called a "Malaysian flower mantis". The following species of Creobroter are described (subject to review):[8][4]
- Creobroter apicalis Saussure, 1869 (synonym Creobroter elongatus (Beier, 1929))
- Creobroter celebensis Werner, 1931
- Creobroter discifera Serville, 1839 - type species
- Creobroter episcopalis Stal, 1877
- Creobroter fasciatus Werner, 1927
- Creobroter fuscoareatus Saussure, 1870
- Creobroter gemmatus Saussure, 1869
- Creobroter granulicollis Saussure, 1870
- Creobroter insolitus Beier, 1942
- Creobroter jiangxiensis Zheng, 1988
- Creobroter labuanae Hebard, 1920
- Creobroter laevicollis Saussure, 1870
- Creobroter medanus Giglio-Tos, 1915
- Creobroter meleagris Stal, 1877
- Creobroter nebulosa Zheng, 1988
- Creobroter pictipennis Wood-Mason, 1878
- Creobroter signifer Walker, 1859
- Creobroter sumatranus de Haan, 1842
- Creobroter urbanus Fabricius, 1775
- Creobroter vitripennis Beier, 1933
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ [Zheng, J. 1988. Description of two new species of the genus Creobroter Serville from China (Mantodea: Hymenopodinae). Entomotaxonomia. 10(1-2):97-101.]
- ^ Sureshan, P.M. 2009. A Preliminary Study on the Mantid Fauna (Insecta : Mantodea) of Orissa, India. Rec. zool. Surv. India, Occ. Paper No., 305 1-56.
- ^ a b "Creobroter, Elongata, Gemmatus, Meleagris, Pictipennis". Mantisinc. Archived from the original on 2007-09-14. Retrieved 2007-01-19.
- ^ a b c d e f "Creobroter". Mantis Online. Retrieved 2007-01-19.
- ^ "Creobroter gemmatus". Them Bugs. Retrieved 2007-01-19.
- ^ "Indian Flower Mantis". Central Pets.com. Archived from the original on 2007-03-25. Retrieved 2007-01-19.
- ^ This Thembugs.com: image.
- ^ [mantodea.speciesfile.org/Common/basic/Taxa.aspx?TaxonNameID=1182691 Mantodea Species File: Creobroter]
Further reading
[edit]- For a technical discussion of an aspect of this genus' anatomy, refer to The cervical sclerites of Mantodea discussed in the context of dictypoteran phylogency by Frank Wieland, Entomologische Abhandlungen 63, Museum fur Dresden, 2006
External links
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