List of French governors of Algeria
(Redirected from Colonial Heads of Algeria)
| Governor of Algeria | |
|---|---|
| Gouverneur d'Algérie | |
 Official Arabic seal of the Governor General of Algeria | |
| Reports to | Head of State of France |
| Residence | Algiers: |
| Formation | 5 July 1830 |
| First holder | Count de Ghaisnes de Bourmont (as Military Commander) |
| Final holder | Christian Fouchet (as High Commissioner) |
| Abolished | 3 July 1962 |
| Succession | President of Algeria |
In 1830, in the days before the outbreak of the July Revolution against the Bourbon Restoration in France, the conquest of Algeria was initiated by Charles X as an attempt to increase his popularity amongst the French people. The invasion began on 5 July 1830. Afterwards Algeria would become a territory within the French colonial empire from 1830 to 1962, under a variety of governmental systems.
List
[edit](Dates in italics indicate de facto continuation of office)
French colony of Algeria (1830–1848)
[edit]| Tenure | Incumbent | Notes | Portrait |
|---|---|---|---|
| 5 July 1830 to 12 August 1830 | Louis-Auguste-Victor, Count de Ghaisnes de Bourmont, Military Commander |
 | |
| 12 August 1830 to 21 February/21 March? 1831 | General Bertrand Clauzel, comte Clausel, Military Commander |
1st term |  |
| 21 February/21 March 1831 to ?6/21 December 1831 | General Pierre Berthezéne, Baron Berthezéne, Military Commander |
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| ?6/21 December 1831 to 29 April 1833 | Anne Jean Marie René Savary, duc de Rovigo, Military Commander |
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| 29 April 1833 to 27 July 1834 | Théophile Voirol, Baron Voirol, interim Military Commander |
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| 27 July 1834 to 8 July 1835 | Jean-Baptiste Drouet, comte d'Erlon, Governor-General of the French Possessions in Africa |
 | |
| 8 July 1835 to 12 February 1837 | Bertrand, comte Clauzel, Governor-General of the French Possessions in Africa |
2nd term | |
| 12 February 1837 to 12/13 October 1837 | Charles Marie Denys, comte de Damrémont, Governor-General of the French Possessions in Africa |
Killed in combat during the siege of Constantine |  |
| 12/13 October 1837 to 11 November 1837 | |||
| 11 November/1 December 1837 to 18 December 1840 | Sylvain Charles, comte Valée, Governor-General of the French Possessions in Africa |
_-_MV_1176.jpg) | |
| 22 February 1841 to February 1842 | Thomas Robert Bugeaud, Governor-General of the French Possessions in Africa |
 | |
| February 1842 to 27 September 1847 | Thomas Robert Bugeaud, Governor-General of Algeria |
||
| 1 September 1845 to 6 July 1847 | Louis Juchault de Lamoricière, acting Governor-General of Algeria |
For Bugeaud |  |
| 6 July 1847 to 27 September 1847 | Marie Alphonse Bedeau, acting Governor-General of Algeria |
For Bugeaud | .jpg) |
| 27 September 1847 to 24 February 1848 | Henri-Eugène-Philippe-Louis d'Orleans, duc d'Aumale, Governor-General of Algeria |
 | |
| 24 February 1848 to 29 April 1848 | Louis-Eugène Cavaignac, Governor-General of Algeria |
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| 29 April 1848 to 9 September 1848 | Nicolas Changarnier, Governor-General of Algeria |
.JPG) | |
| 20 June 1848 to 9 September 1848 | Guillaume Stanislas Marey-Monge, acting Governor-General of Algeria |
For Changarnier | .jpg) |
| 9 September 1848 to 4 November 1848 | Viala Charon, Governor-General of Algeria |
 |
French departments of Algeria (1848–1962)
[edit]
Shortly after the July Monarchy of Louis Philippe I was overthrown in the Revolution of 1848, the new government of the Second Republic ended Algeria's status as a colony and declared it in the 1848 Constitution an integral part of France. Three civil departements — Alger, Oran, and Constantine — were organized under a civilian government.
| Tenure | Incumbent | Notes | Portrait |
|---|---|---|---|
| 4 November 1848 to 22 October 1850 | Viala Charon, Governor-General of Algeria |
| |
| 22 October 1850 to 10 May 1851 | Alphonse Henri, comte d'Hautpoul, Governor-General of Algeria |
 | |
| 10 May 1851 to 11 December 1851 | Aimable-Jean-Jacques Pélissier, Governor-General of Algeria |
1st term |  |
| 11 December 1851 to 31 August 1858 | Jacques Louis Randon, Governor-General of Algeria |
 | |
| 24 June 1858 to 21 March 1859 | Prince Napoléon-Joseph-Charles-Paul Bonaparte, Minister for Algeria and the Colonies |
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| 21 March 1859 to 24 November 1860 | Prosper, comte de Chasseloup-Laubat, Minister for Algeria and the Colonies |
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| 24 November 1860 to 22 May 1864 | Aimable-Jean-Jacques Pélissier, Minister for Algeria and the Colonies |
2nd term | |
| 22 May 1864 to 1 September 1864 | Edmond-Charles de Martimprey, Minister for Algeria and the Colonies |
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| 1 September 1864 to 27 July 1870 | Patrice de MacMahon, duc de Magenta, Governor-General of Algiers |
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| 27 July 1870 to 23 October 1870 | Louis, Baron Durieu, Governor-General of Algiers |
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| 23 October 1870 to 24 October 1870 | Jean Walsin-Esterhazy, Governor-General of Algiers |
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| 24 October 1870 to 16 November 1870 | Henry-Gabriel Didier, Governor-General of Algiers |
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| 16 November 1870 to 8 February 1871 | Charles de Bouzet, Prefect of Oran and Extraordinary Commissioner of the Republic |
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| c. November 1870 to March 1871 | Benoît Vuillermoz, Mayor of Algiers and Head of the Committee of Defence |
In rebellion | |
| 8 February 1871 to 21 March 1871 | Alexis Lambert, Prefect of Oran and Extraordinary Commissioner of the Republic |
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| 21 March 1871 to 10 June 1873 | Louis Henri de Gueydon, Governor-General of Algeria |
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| 10 June 1873 to 15 March 1879 | Antoine-Eugène-Alfred Chanzy, Governor-General of Algeria |
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| 15 March 1879 to 26 November 1881 | Albert Grévy, acting Governor-General of Algeria |
.jpg) | |
| 26 November 1881 to 18 April 1891 | Louis Tirman, Governor-General of Algeria |
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| 18 April 1891 to 28 September 1897 | Jules Cambon, Governor-General of Algeria |
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| 28 September 1897 to 1 October 1897 | Henri-Auguste Lozé, Governor-General of Algeria |
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| 1 October 1897 to 26 July 1898 | Louis Lépine, Governor-General of Algeria |
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| 26 July 1898 to 3 October 1900 | Édouard Laferrière, Governor-General of Algeria |
,_attorney_general_of_the_Court_of_Cassation,_France,_illustration_by_Thiriat_from_LIllustration,_No_3046,_13_July_1901.jpg) | |
| 3 October 1900 to 18 June 1901 | Charles Jonnart, acting Governor-General of Algeria |
1st term |  |
| 18 June 1901 to 11 April 1903 | Paul Révoil, Governor-General of Algeria |
 | |
| 11 April 1903 to 5 May 1903 | Maurice Varnier, acting Governor-General of Algeria |
||
| 5 May 1903 to 22 May 1911 | Charles Jonnart, acting Governor-General of Algeria |
2nd term | |
| 22 May 1911 to 29 January 1918 | Charles Lutaud, Governor-General of Algeria |
.jpg) | |
| 29 January 1918 to 29 August 1919 | Charles Jonnart, acting Governor-General of Algeria |
3rd term | |
| 29 August 1919 to 28 July 1921 | Jean-Baptiste Eugène Abel, Governor-General of Algeria |
 | |
| 28 July 1921 to 17 April 1925 | Théodore Steeg, Governor-General of Algeria |
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| 17 April 1925 to 12 May 1925 | Henri Dubief, acting Governor-General of Algeria |
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| 12 May 1925 to 20 November 1927 | Maurice Viollette, Governor-General of Algeria |
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| 20 November 1927 to 3 October 1930 | Pierre-Louis Bordes, Governor-General of Algeria |
.jpg) | |
| 3 October 1930 to 21 September 1935 | Jules Carde, Governor-General of Algeria |
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| 21 September 1935 to 19 July 1940 | Georges le Beau, Governor-General of Algeria |
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| 19 July 1940 to 16 July 1941 | Jean-Marie Charles Abrial, Governor-General of Algeria |
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| 16 July 1941 to 20 September 1941 | Maxime Weygand, Governor-General of Algeria |
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| 20 September 1941 to 20 January 1943 | Yves-Charles Chatel, acting Governor-General of Algeria |
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| 20 January 1943 to 3 June 1943 | Bernard-Marcel-Edmond Peyrouton, Governor-General of Algeria |
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| 3 June 1943 to 8 September 1944 | Georges Albert Julien Catroux, Governor-General of Algeria |
1st term |  |
| 8 September 1944 to 11 February 1948 | Yves Chataigneau, Governor-General of Algeria |
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| 11 February 1948 to 9 March 1951 | Marcel-Edmond Naegelen, Governor-General of Algeria |
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| 12 April 1951 to 26 January 1955 | Roger Léonard, Governor-General of Algeria |
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| 26 January 1955 to 1 February 1956 | Jacques Soustelle, Governor-General of Algeria |
.jpg) | |
| 1 February 1956 to 9 February 1956 | Georges Albert Julien Catroux, Governor-General of Algeria |
2nd term | |
| 9 February 1956 to 13 May 1958 | Robert Lacoste, Governor-General of Algeria |
 | |
| 13 May 1958 to 1 June 1958 | André Mutter, Governor-General of Algeria |
||
| 13 May 1958 to 23 May 1958 | Jacques Massu, President of the Committee of Public Safety |
In rebellion during the May 1958 crisis |  |
| 23 May 1958 to 7 June 1958 | Committee of Public Safety:- |  | |
| Jacques Massu, President of the Central Committee of Public Safety | |||
| Sid Cara, President of the Central Committee of Public Safety | |||
| 7 June 1958 to 12 December 1958 | Raoul-Albin-Louis Salan, Delegate-general of Algeria |
 | |
| 12 December 1958 to 23 November 1960 | Paul Delouvrier, Delegate-general of Algeria |
.jpg) | |
| 23 November 1960 to 19 March 1962 | Jean Morin, Delegate-general of Algeria |
.jpg) | |
| 21 April 1961 to 25 April 1961 | Directorate:- | In rebellion during the Algiers putsch of 1961 | |
| Maurice Challe |  | ||
| André Zeller | |||
| Edmond Jouhaud |  | ||
| Raoul Salan | | ||
| 19 March 1962 to 3 July 1962 | Christian Fouchet, High Commissioner |
 | |
| 3 July 1962 to 25 September 1962 | Abderrahmane Farès, High Commissioner and Chairman of the Provisional Executive |
 |
For continuation after independence, see: List of heads of state of Algeria
See also
[edit]- Ottoman Algeria
- French Algeria
- Pacification of Algeria
- Beylik of Tunis
- French protectorate of Tunisia
- Kingdom of Tunisia
- French protectorate in Morocco
Sources
[edit]- http://www.rulers.org/rula1.html#algeria
- African States and Rulers, John Stewart, McFarland
- Heads of State and Government, 2nd Edition, John V da Graca, MacMillan Press (2000)