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Cole Bros. Circus

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The Cole Bros. Circus was a medium-sized American circus. It was founded in 1884 as "W.W. Cole's New Colossal Shows", by William Washington Cole. Ownership of this circus was passed around and c1900 the Circus was bought by two Canadian showmen, Martin and James Down which was when the name was changed to Cole Bros. Circus.[1] In the 1930s, the circus employed two noted animal trainers, Clyde Beatty and Allen King, both of whom traveled in their own railroad cars.[2] During their shows the Cole Bros. Circus would often parade from their 35 large cars in the rail yards to where the circus was being performed.[3] A 1935 image shows the flatcars and stock cars that the circus used to travel. The stock cars had elephants and baggage horses. This scene was seen daily, morning and night, as the circus traveled. 1935 was the first year Beatty was associated with the Cole Bros. Circus and they visited town all across the United States.[4] Another well-known performer with the circus was Bob Strehlau Juggles the Clown.[5] In 1957 the show was renamed Clyde Beatty Cole Bros. Circus and bought by the Acme Circus Operating Corporation, an organization formed by Jerry Collins, Frank McColsky, Randolph Calhoun, and Walter Kernan.[6] The Clyde Beatty-Cole Bros. Circus was then the largest tent show on the road at that time.[7]

1884 advertisement

By 2014, Cole Bros. Circus was one of the few traditional circuses in the United States that remained under the big top tent.[8] In 2016, the show was essentially defunct, largely in response to animal rights activists advocating against the use of animals for live performances.[citation needed]

In 1940, in Fulton County, Indiana, a fire killed many of the animals in the Cole Brothers circus.[9] Throughout most of the Cole Bros. Circus's time they had many incidents not meeting the minimal federal standards for the care of animals as established in Animal Welfare Act. They failed to provide veterinary care, adequate shelter from the elements, proper food and water, as well as failing to handle the animals in a way that would prevent trauma, and harm, and ensure public safety.[10]

The Circus had a lot of issues providing for one specific elephant named Jewel throughout at least 2004-2011. They frequently were cited by the USDA due to lack of veterinary care and proper food and water for the physically ill elephant. In June 2004 there was even an eyewitness to an elephant handler beating Jewel across the head with a PVC pipe. The circus also had many instances of animals escaping, one of the most recent being in April 2010 when an elephant named Viola ran away from her handlers. There was a frequent amount of animals who ran away or tried to escape this circus from elephants to tigers.[11]

Alternative names

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  • W.W. Cole's New Colossal Shows
  • Clyde Beatty Cole Bros. Circus - 1957
  • Cole Bros. Circus
  • Cole Bros. Circus Worlds Largest Circus Under The Big Top
  • Cole Bros. Circus Of The Stars[12]

Performers

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Many performers traveled with Cole Bros. Circus. In 1908, featured on a herald as performing were the Seven Bostock-Sangers, the Heuman Family, Professor Charles Tinney's Concert Band, and prominently Mlle. De Zizi. On a herald published in 1959, Pinito De Oro, Gallaso, Tonito, 8 Moroccans, Beatty, Flying Palustres and Hugo Zacchini were some other performers highlighted. Some additional performers who traveled and/or performed with the circus over time were the Flying Thrillers, the Imperial Harolds, the Esqueda Family, Harietta, the Nelson Family, J. M. Christiansen, Cese O'Dell, Harold Barnes, Rozina and Estrella.

Advertising techniques

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The Cole Bros. Circus used many advertising formats in order to draw as much attention and customers as possible. One of the advertising techniques they used the most were heralds. The Cole Bros. Circus heralds often did not have color. These posters often talked about how incredibly enormous the circus was in performance quality and in comparison to other circuses. The posters included quotes such as, "FUN FOR THE WHOLE FAMILY - STUPENDOUSLY PRESENTING THE WORLD'S FAMOUS, BIGGEST AND GREATEST FEATURES", "THIS COUNTRY'S REPRESENTATIVE AMUSEMENT, ENDORSED BY THE CRITICS OF THE UNIVERSE" and "BIGGEST AND BEST CIRCUS IN THE WORLD".[13] Some posters featured lions and said "GREATEST SHOW ON EARTH." They used bright reds and yellows to help advertise the circus.[14]

Visited by the Cole Bros. Circus (1935)

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Known for

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The Cole Bros. Circus, like most other American circuses in the 1930s, would set up side poles, dozens of feet tall, to put a big tent on top. Nevertheless, although intriguingly enormous, this was a common scene. However, in the 1930s the Cole Bros. railroad circus was known for its giant street parade from the railroad yard to the circus grounds.

In 1987, they appeared on Episode 1585 of Mister Rogers' Neighborhood, receiving a Special Thanks in the credits.[15] As part of the episode, several performances segments are shown including jugglers, acrobats, elephants and various clowns, as well as ringleader Jimmy James.

See also

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References

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  1. ^ "Cole Bros. Circus (c1884-1957)". University of Sheffield. Retrieved 22 May 2024.
  2. ^ Atwell, Harry A. (1935). "Cole Bros. Circus". World Digital Library. Retrieved 22 January 2014.
  3. ^ Quigley, Barbara (9 April 2014). "Cole Bros. Circus Photographs CA. 1935-1949 (Prints Made as Late as 1960s)" (PDF). Retrieved 28 November 2022.
  4. ^ Atwell, Harry. "Cole Bros. Circus". Library of Congress.
  5. ^ Spychalla, Craig (24 September 2010). "Send in the Clown: Bob the Clown's daughter talks about discovering the man behind the face paint and his Hall of Fame induction in Baraboo". Portage Daily Register. Retrieved 22 January 2014.
  6. ^ "Clyde Beatty Cole Bros. Circus (Established c1957)". University of Sheffield. Retrieved 1 December 2022.
  7. ^ Kuiper, Kathleen. "Clyde Beatty". Encyclopedia Brittanica. Retrieved 22 May 2024.
  8. ^ "Cole Bros. History: W.W. Cole's Legacy Lives On". Cole Bros. Circus of Stars. Retrieved 22 January 2014.
    - Bauer, Peter (19 March 2010). "Circus Brings Back Tigers". The DeLand-Deltona Beacon. Archived from the original on 2 February 2014. Retrieved 22 January 2014.
    - Audrey Parente (9 March 2013). "A Look Behind the Scenes as the Cole Brothers Circus starts its Spring Tour". The Daytona Beach News-Journal. Archived from the original on 1 February 2014. Retrieved 22 January 2014.
  9. ^ Wilson, Drew C. (30 March 2016). "Off again, off again, Cole Brothers Circus cancels Havelock shows". Havelock News. Archived from the original on 2 April 2016.
  10. ^ "Cole Bros. Circus Fact Sheet". Born Free USA. Retrieved 22 May 2024.
  11. ^ "Cole Brothers Circus Fact Sheet". Born Free USA. Retrieved 22 May 2024.
  12. ^ "Circus: Cole Bros. Circus, 1935-1952". The Circus in America. Retrieved 22 January 2014.
  13. ^ "Online Collections". Circus World Museum. Archived from the original on 6 June 2023. Retrieved 6 June 2023.
  14. ^ "Clyde Beatty-Cole Bros. Circus". The Huntington.
  15. ^ "A visit to the circus". Mister Rodgers' Neighborhood. Retrieved 16 September 2024.
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