Codonopsis
| Codonopsis | |
|---|---|
| |
| Codonopsis pilosula | |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Eudicots |
| Clade: | Asterids |
| Order: | Asterales |
| Family: | Campanulaceae |
| Subfamily: | Campanuloideae |
| Genus: | Codonopsis Wall. (1824) |
| Synonyms[1] | |
| |
Codonopsis is a genus of flowering plant in the family Campanulaceae. As currently recognized, Codonopsis includes two other groups sometimes separated as distinct genera, i.e. Campanumoea and Leptocodon.[1][2][3][4] The enlarged genus Codonopsis is widespread across eastern, southern, central, and southeastern Asia, including China, Japan, the Russian Far East, Kazakhstan, the Indian Subcontinent, Iran, Indochina, Indonesia, etc.
Uses
[edit]Medicinal uses
[edit]Codonopsis pilosula (Chinese: 党参; pinyin: dǎngshēn) is an important medicinal herb in traditional Chinese medicine.[5]
Food uses
[edit]
Codonopsis lanceolata (Korean: deodeok) is used as a food in Korean cuisine.
Species
[edit]49 species are accepted.[6]
- Codonopsis affinis Hook.f. & Thomson – China, Himalayas, Myanmar (Chinese: 大叶党参)
- Codonopsis alpina Nannf. – (高山党参) – west-central China, northern Myanmar, and Tibet
- Codonopsis argentea P.C.Tsoong – (银背叶党参) – west-central China
- Codonopsis atriplicifolia Yan Yu & Qiang Wang
- Codonopsis bactriana F.O.Khass., U.Kodyrov & A.Myrz.
- Codonopsis benthamii Hook.f. & Thomson – China, Himalayas, Myanmar
- Codonopsis bhutanica Ludlow – Bhutan, Nepal, Tibet
- Codonopsis bomiensis D.Y.Hong
- Codonopsis bragaensis Grey-Wilson – Nepal
- Codonopsis bulleyana Forrest ex Diels – (管钟党参)
- Codonopsis campanulata D.Y.Hong
- Codonopsis canescens Nannf. – (灰毛党参)
- Codonopsis cardiophylla Diels ex Kom. – (光叶党参)
- Codonopsis chimiliensis J.Anthony – Yunnan, Myanmar (滇湎党参)
- Codonopsis chlorocodon C.Y.Yu – (绿钟党参)
- Codonopsis clematidea (Schrenk) C.B.Clarke – Central Asia, Tibet, Xinjiang, Iran, Afghanistan, Pakistan, western Himalayas (新疆党参)
- Codonopsis cordifolioidea P.C.Tsoong – (心叶党参)
- Codonopsis deltoidea Chipp – (三角叶党参)
- Codonopsis elliptica D.Y.Hong
- Codonopsis farreri J.Anthony (synonym Codonopsis gombalana C.Y.Wu) – Yunnan, Myanmar – (秃叶党参, 贡山党参)
- Codonopsis foetens Hook.f. & Thomson – China, eastern Himalayas (臭党参)
- Codonopsis gongshanica Qiang Wang & D.Y.Hong
- Codonopsis gracilis Hook.f. & Thomson – Yunnan, Myanmar, Nepal, Bhutan, Assam
- Codonopsis hemisphaerica P.C.Tsoong ex D.Y.Hong
- Codonopsis henryi Oliv. (synonym Codonopsis levicalyx L.D.Shen) – (川鄂党参, 光萼党参)
- Codonopsis hongii Lammers
- Codonopsis inflata Hook.f. & Thomson – Tibet, Nepal, Bhutan, Assam
- Codonopsis javanica (Blume) Hook.f. & Thomson – widespread across China, Japan, Himalayas, Indochina, Java, Sumatra
- Codonopsis kawakamii Hayata – Taiwan (台湾党参)
- Codonopsis lanceolata (Siebold & Zucc.) Benth. & Hook.f. ex Trautv. – China, Korea, Japan, Russian Far East (羊乳)
- Codonopsis lixianica D.Y.Hong
- Codonopsis macrophylla Lammers & L.l.Klein – Tibet
- Codonopsis meleagris Diels – (珠鸡斑党参)
- Codonopsis micrantha Chipp – (小花党参)
- Codonopsis microtubulosa Z.T.Wang & G.J.Xu
- Codonopsis obtusa (Chipp) Nannf.
- Codonopsis ovata Benth. – Pakistan, Kashmir
- Codonopsis pilosula (Franch.) Nannf. – China, Mongolia, Korea, Primorye (党参)
- Codonopsis rotundifolia Benth. – Tibet, Yunnan, Himalayas (India, Pakistan, Nepal, Bhutan)
- Codonopsis subglobosa W.W.Sm. – (球花党参)
- Codonopsis subscaposa Kom. – (抽葶党参)
- Codonopsis subsimplex Hook.f. & Thomson – Tibet, Himalayas (India, Nepal, Bhutan) (藏南党参)
- Codonopsis thalictrifolia Wall. – Tibet, Himalayas (India, Nepal, Bhutan) – (唐松草党参)
- Codonopsis tsinglingensis Pax & K.Hoffm. – (秦岭党参)
- Codonopsis tubulosa Kom. – (管花党参)
- Codonopsis ussuriensis (Rupr. & Maxim.) Hemsl. – China, Japan, Korea, Primorye (雀斑党参)
- Codonopsis viridiflora Maxim. – (绿花党参)
- Codonopsis viridis Wall. – Tibet, Himalayas (India, Pakistan, Nepal, Bhutan)
Formerly placed here
[edit]- Himalacodon dicentrifolius (C.B.Clarke) D.Y.Hong & Qiang Wang (as Codonopsis dicentrifolia (C.B.Clarke) W.W.Sm.) – (珠峰党参)
- Pankycodon purpureus (Wall.) D.Y.Hong & X.T.Ma (as Codonopsis purpurea Wall.) – Tibet, Yunnan, Himalayas (India, Nepal, Bhutan) (紫花党参)
- Pseudocodon convolvulaceus (Kurz) D.Y.Hong & H.Sun (as Codonopsis convolvulacea Kurz) – Tibet, Yunnan, Nepal, Bhutan, Assam, Myanmar (鸡蛋参)
- Pseudocodon convolvulaceus subsp. forrestii (Diels) D.Y.Hong (as Codonopsis forrestii Diels) – China, Myanmar
- Pseudocodon rosulatus (W.W.Sm.) D.Y.Hong (as Codonopsis rosulata W.W.Sm.) – (莲座状党参)
References
[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Codonopsis.
- ^ a b Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families
- ^ K.E. Morris and T.G. Lammers (1997). "Circumscription of Codonopsis and the allied genera Campanumoea and Leptocodon (Campanulaceae: Campanuloideae). I. Palynological data". Bot. Bull. Acad. Sin. 36: 277–284.
- ^ Govaerts, R. (1999). World Checklist of Seed Plants 3(1, 2a & 2b): 1-1532. Continental Publishing, Deurne.
- ^ Flora of China v 19 p 505, 桔梗科 jie geng ke, Campanulaceae
- ^ Li, C. Y., et al. (2009). Quality assessment of Radix Codonopsis by quantitative nuclear magnetic resonance. Journal of Chromatography A 1216(11) 2124-29.
- ^ Codonopsis Wall. Plants of the World Online. Retrieved 23 August 2024.
External links
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