Göksun

Göksun
Göksun
District and municipality
	Map showing Göksun District in Kahramanmaraş Province
	Göksun Location in Turkey
	Coordinates: 38°01′16″N 36°29′30″E / 38.02111°N 36.49167°E
Country	Turkey
Province	Kahramanmaraş
Government
• Mayor	Selim Cüce (YRP)
Area	1,942 km2 (750 sq mi)
Elevation	1,350 m (4,430 ft)
Population (2022)	50,676
• Density	26/km2 (68/sq mi)
Time zone	UTC+3 (TRT)
Postal code	46600
Area code	0344
Website	www.goksun.bel.tr

Göksun (Greek: Κυκυσός, romanized: Kykysós, or Κουκουσός, Koukousós; Latin: Coxon or Cucusus; Armenian: Կոկիսոն) is a municipality and district of Kahramanmaraş Province, Turkey.^[2] Its area is 1,942 km²,^[3] and its population is 50,676 (2022).^[1] It is near one of the sources of the Ceyhan River (ancient Pyramos), in the ancient region of Cataonia.

History

Cucusus has an ancient history, first included in Cataonia, then in Cappadocia, and then in the Roman province of Armenia Secunda. The Byzantine bishops, Paul the Confessor (died 350 AD), John Chrysostom (died 407 AD) and Emperor Basiliscus (died 476 AD) either died in or were exiled to this remote place. Of its bishops, Domnus took part in the Council of Chalcedon (451), Longinus was a signatory of the joint letter of the bishops of the province of Armenia Secunda to Byzantine Emperor Leo I the Thracian in 458 concerning the murder of Proterius of Alexandria, Ioannes was at the Second Council of Constantinople (553), and another Ioannes at the Trullan Council of 692.^[4]^[5]^[6] No longer a residential bishopric, Cucusus is today listed by the Catholic Church as a titular see.^[7]

In the mid-10th century the town received many Armenian immigrants and by 1097, when the army of the First Crusade marched arrived at Cucusus, they encountered a large prosperous town populated by Armenians.^[8] The town, most likely with its own wall, remained under control of the Armenian princes of Cilicia but was abandoned due to Türkmen raids around 1375, with its inhabitants taking refuge in the towns of Hadjin and Zeitun.^[9] After that, the town became part of the Beylik of Dulkadir before it was conquered by the Ottomans in 1515.^[10] In April 1915, the remaining Armenian population of Cucusus was deported during the Armenian Genocide.^[11]

2009 helicopter crash

On March 25, 2009, a chartered helicopter carrying Great Union Party's (BBP) Muhsin Yazıcıoğlu, three of his party's local leaders, and a reporter crashed at Mount Keş. The pilot and all the passengers but the reporter were killed. Ismail Güneş, who initially survived, made an emergency call reporting the accident. A massive search and rescue operation, attended by thousands and assisted by helicopters and aircraft, was conducted. However, the wreckage and the five bodies were recovered only 47 hours later. The corpse of the reporter was found five days later far from the crash site.

Composition

There are 76 neighbourhoods in Göksun District:^[12]

Acıelma
Ahmetçik
Alıçlıbucak
Altınoba
Apıklar
Arslanbeyçiftliği
Bahçelievler
Berit
Bozarmut
Bozhüyük
Büyükçamurlu
Büyükkızılcık
Çağlayan
Çamdere
Çardak
Cumhuriyet
Değirmendere
Doğankonak
Elmalı
Ericek
Esenköy
Fındıkköy
Fındıklıkoyak
Gölpınar
Göynük
Gücüksu
Güldağı
Güller
Hacıkodal
Hacımirza
Hacıömer
Harbiye
Huğtaş
Kaleboynu
Kaleköy
Kamışcık
Kanlıkavak
Karaahmet
Karadut
Karaömer
Kavşut
Kayabaşı
Kazandere
Keklikoluk
Kemalpaşa
Kınıkkonaz
Kireçköy
Kızılöz
Kömürköy
Köprübaşı
Korkmaz
Küçükçamurlu
Kurtuluş
Mahmutbey
Mehmetbey
Mevlana
Mürselköy
Ortatepe
Payamburnu
Pınarbaşı
Saraycık
Sırmalı
Soğukpınar
Tahirbey
Taşoluk
Temürağa
Tepebaşı
Tombak
Yağmurlu
Yantepe
Yeni
Yeniyapan
Yeşilköy
Yiricek
Yoğunoluk
Yunus Emre

Climate

Göksun has a dry-summer humid continental climate (Köppen: Dsb).^[13] Summers are dry, with hot days and cool nights, and winters are cold and snowy.

Climate data for Göksun (1991–2020)
Month	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Year
Mean daily maximum °C (°F)	2.2 (36.0)	4.1 (39.4)	9.4 (48.9)	15.1 (59.2)	20.2 (68.4)	25.5 (77.9)	29.9 (85.8)	30.4 (86.7)	26.2 (79.2)	19.8 (67.6)	11.4 (52.5)	4.6 (40.3)	16.6 (61.9)
Daily mean °C (°F)	−3.3 (26.1)	−1.8 (28.8)	3.5 (38.3)	8.7 (47.7)	13.0 (55.4)	17.5 (63.5)	21.2 (70.2)	21.0 (69.8)	16.5 (61.7)	11.1 (52.0)	4.3 (39.7)	−0.7 (30.7)	9.3 (48.7)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F)	−8.0 (17.6)	−6.9 (19.6)	−1.6 (29.1)	2.6 (36.7)	5.9 (42.6)	9.0 (48.2)	11.5 (52.7)	11.1 (52.0)	7.3 (45.1)	3.7 (38.7)	−1.4 (29.5)	−5.0 (23.0)	2.4 (36.3)
Average precipitation mm (inches)	78.59 (3.09)	61.99 (2.44)	70.39 (2.77)	63.23 (2.49)	55.21 (2.17)	16.76 (0.66)	5.51 (0.22)	6.19 (0.24)	13.32 (0.52)	42.32 (1.67)	61.96 (2.44)	80.74 (3.18)	556.21 (21.90)
Average precipitation days (≥ 1.0 mm)	9.3	8.1	7.6	7.7	8.2	3.6	1.6	1.9	3.0	5.3	6.5	8.8	71.6
Average relative humidity (%)	78.9	75.2	70.0	65.6	64.8	57.5	50.5	53.0	58.4	68.1	71.8	78.6	65.9
Mean monthly sunshine hours	100.7	119.3	172.1	205.9	260.3	318.2	363.9	326.4	281.6	213.6	155.4	92.6	2,610.2
Source: NOAA^[14]

References

^ ^a ^b "Address-based population registration system (ADNKS) results dated 31 December 2022, Favorite Reports" (XLS). TÜİK. Retrieved 19 September 2023.
^ Büyükşehir İlçe Belediyesi, Turkey Civil Administration Departments Inventory. Retrieved 19 September 2023.
^ "İl ve İlçe Yüz ölçümleri". General Directorate of Mapping. Retrieved 19 September 2023.
^ Raymond Janin, v. Cucuse in Dictionnaire d'Histoire et de Géographie ecclésiastiques, vol. XIII, 1956, coll. 1084-1085
^ Michel Lequien, Oriens christianus in quatuor Patriarchatus digestus, Paris 1740, Vol. I, coll. 451-452
^ Pius Bonifacius Gams, Series episcoporum Ecclesiae Catholicae, Leipzig 1931, p. 441
^ Annuario Pontificio 2013 (Libreria Editrice Vaticana 2013 ISBN 978-88-209-9070-1), p. 838
^ Sinclair 1989, p. 513.
^ Sinclair 1989, p. 517.
^ Sinclair 1989, pp. 517–519.
^ Kévorkian 2011, p. 588.
^ Mahalle, Turkey Civil Administration Departments Inventory. Retrieved 19 September 2023.
^ "Table 1 Overview of the Köppen-Geiger climate classes including the defining criteria". Nature: Scientific Data.
^ "World Meteorological Organization Climate Normals for 1991-2020 — Göksun". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Retrieved January 15, 2024.

Sources

Kévorkian, Raymond (2011). The Armenian Genocide: A Complete History. Bloomsbury Publishing. ISBN 9780857719300.
Sinclair, T.A. (1989). Eastern Turkey: An Architectural and Archaeological Survey, Volume II. ISD LLC. ISBN 9781904597735.

External links

District municipality's official website (in Turkish)

[tuik-1] "Address-based population registration system (ADNKS) results dated 31 December 2022, Favorite Reports" (XLS). TÜİK. Retrieved 19 September 2023.

[2] Büyükşehir İlçe Belediyesi, Turkey Civil Administration Departments Inventory. Retrieved 19 September 2023.

[3] "İl ve İlçe Yüz ölçümleri". General Directorate of Mapping. Retrieved 19 September 2023.

[4] Raymond Janin, v. Cucuse in Dictionnaire d'Histoire et de Géographie ecclésiastiques, vol. XIII, 1956, coll. 1084-1085

[5] Michel Lequien, Oriens christianus in quatuor Patriarchatus digestus, Paris 1740, Vol. I, coll. 451-452

[6] Pius Bonifacius Gams, Series episcoporum Ecclesiae Catholicae, Leipzig 1931, p. 441

[7] Annuario Pontificio 2013 (Libreria Editrice Vaticana 2013 ISBN 978-88-209-9070-1), p. 838

[FOOTNOTESinclair1989513-8] Sinclair 1989, p. 513.

[FOOTNOTESinclair1989517-9] Sinclair 1989, p. 517.

[FOOTNOTESinclair1989517–519-10] Sinclair 1989, pp. 517–519.

[FOOTNOTEKévorkian2011588-11] Kévorkian 2011, p. 588.

[12] Mahalle, Turkey Civil Administration Departments Inventory. Retrieved 19 September 2023.

[13] "Table 1 Overview of the Köppen-Geiger climate classes including the defining criteria". Nature: Scientific Data.

[WMONormals-14] "World Meteorological Organization Climate Normals for 1991-2020 — Göksun". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Retrieved January 15, 2024.

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