Climate of Gujarat
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The climate of Gujarat involves diverse conditions.[1] The plains of Gujarat are very hot and humid in summer and cold and dry in winter. Summer is milder in the hilly regions and the coast. The average daytime temperature during winter is around 29 °C (84 °F) and in nights is around 12 °C (54 °F) with 100 percent sunny days and clear nights. During summers, the daytime temperature is around 49 °C (120 °F) and at night no lower than 30 °C (86 °F). The monsoon season lasts from June to September. Most of Gujarat receives scant rainfall. Southern Gujarat and the hilly regions receive heavy rainfall during the monsoons with high humidity which makes the air feel hotter. There is relief when the monsoon season starts (around mid June). The day temperatures are lowered to around 35 °C (95 °F) but humidity is very high and nights are around 27 °C (81 °F). Most of the rainfall occurs in this season, and the rain can cause severe Floods. The sun is often occluded during the monsoon season. Though mostly dry, it is desertic in the north-west, and wet in the southern districts due to a heavy monsoon season.
Climate data
[edit]| Climate data for Ahmedabad (Köppen BSh/Aw) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 36.1 (97.0) |
40.6 (105.1) |
43.9 (111.0) |
46.2 (115.2) |
50.0 (122.0) |
47.2 (117.0) |
42.2 (108.0) |
40.4 (104.7) |
41.7 (107.1) |
42.8 (109.0) |
38.9 (102.0) |
35.6 (96.1) |
50.0 (122.0) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 28.1 (82.6) |
30.8 (87.4) |
35.8 (96.4) |
39.6 (103.3) |
41.6 (106.9) |
38.8 (101.8) |
33.6 (92.5) |
32.0 (89.6) |
33.8 (92.8) |
35.7 (96.3) |
32.9 (91.2) |
29.5 (85.1) |
34.3 (93.8) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 20.2 (68.4) |
22.5 (72.5) |
27.6 (81.7) |
31.7 (89.1) |
34.3 (93.7) |
33.1 (91.6) |
29.7 (85.5) |
28.5 (83.3) |
29.2 (84.6) |
28.5 (83.3) |
24.8 (76.6) |
21.4 (70.5) |
27.6 (81.7) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 12.4 (54.3) |
14.3 (57.7) |
19.5 (67.1) |
23.9 (75.0) |
27.0 (80.6) |
27.5 (81.5) |
25.9 (78.6) |
25.0 (77.0) |
24.7 (76.5) |
21.4 (70.5) |
16.7 (62.1) |
13.4 (56.1) |
21.0 (69.8) |
| Record low °C (°F) | 3.3 (37.9) |
2.2 (36.0) |
9.4 (48.9) |
12.8 (55.0) |
19.1 (66.4) |
19.4 (66.9) |
20.4 (68.7) |
21.2 (70.2) |
17.2 (63.0) |
12.6 (54.7) |
8.3 (46.9) |
3.6 (38.5) |
2.2 (36.0) |
| Average rainfall mm (inches) | 1.2 (0.05) |
0.6 (0.02) |
1.1 (0.04) |
2.5 (0.10) |
5.5 (0.22) |
84.3 (3.32) |
310.1 (12.21) |
242.2 (9.54) |
120.2 (4.73) |
13.1 (0.52) |
1.9 (0.07) |
0.9 (0.04) |
783.6 (30.85) |
| Average rainy days | 0.2 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 3.9 | 11.3 | 10.3 | 6.1 | 0.9 | 0.3 | 0.1 | 34.0 |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 49 | 43 | 37 | 41 | 47 | 62 | 77 | 81 | 71 | 53 | 48 | 50 | 55 |
| Average dew point °C (°F) | 9 (48) |
10 (50) |
10 (50) |
14 (57) |
19 (66) |
23 (73) |
25 (77) |
25 (77) |
24 (75) |
19 (66) |
14 (57) |
11 (52) |
17 (62) |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 287.3 | 274.3 | 277.5 | 297.2 | 329.6 | 238.3 | 130.1 | 111.4 | 220.6 | 290.7 | 274.1 | 288.6 | 3,019.7 |
| Average ultraviolet index | 6 | 8 | 11 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 11 | 9 | 7 | 6 | 10 |
| Source 1: India Meteorological Department (record high and low up to 2012)[2][3][4][5] Time and Date (dewpoints, 2005-2015)[6] | |||||||||||||
| Source 2: NOAA (sun and humidity 1971–1990),[7] IEM ASOS (May record high)[8] Weather Atlas[9] | |||||||||||||
| Climate data for Surat (Köppen Aw) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 38.3 (100.9) |
41.7 (107.1) |
44.0 (111.2) |
45.6 (114.1) |
45.6 (114.1) |
45.6 (114.1) |
38.9 (102.0) |
37.2 (99.0) |
41.1 (106.0) |
41.4 (106.5) |
39.4 (102.9) |
38.9 (102.0) |
45.6 (114.1) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 30.8 (87.4) |
32.3 (90.1) |
35.4 (95.7) |
36.7 (98.1) |
35.8 (96.4) |
34.0 (93.2) |
31.2 (88.2) |
30.8 (87.4) |
32.3 (90.1) |
35.1 (95.2) |
34.1 (93.4) |
31.9 (89.4) |
33.4 (92.1) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 15.2 (59.4) |
16.7 (62.1) |
20.7 (69.3) |
24.0 (75.2) |
26.8 (80.2) |
27.0 (80.6) |
25.9 (78.6) |
25.5 (77.9) |
25.4 (77.7) |
23.3 (73.9) |
19.6 (67.3) |
16.5 (61.7) |
22.2 (72.0) |
| Record low °C (°F) | 4.4 (39.9) |
5.6 (42.1) |
8.9 (48.0) |
15.0 (59.0) |
19.4 (66.9) |
20.2 (68.4) |
19.9 (67.8) |
21.0 (69.8) |
20.6 (69.1) |
14.4 (57.9) |
10.6 (51.1) |
6.7 (44.1) |
4.4 (39.9) |
| Average rainfall mm (inches) | 1.9 (0.07) |
0.3 (0.01) |
0.7 (0.03) |
0.5 (0.02) |
2.4 (0.09) |
255.9 (10.07) |
466.3 (18.36) |
281.7 (11.09) |
186.7 (7.35) |
40.7 (1.60) |
5.1 (0.20) |
1.1 (0.04) |
1,243.3 (48.95) |
| Average rainy days | 0.2 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 8.0 | 15.0 | 12.3 | 8.1 | 2.0 | 0.5 | 0.1 | 46.7 |
| Average relative humidity (%) (at 17:30 IST) | 41 | 34 | 33 | 42 | 58 | 70 | 80 | 79 | 70 | 52 | 44 | 43 | 53 |
| Average dew point °C (°F) | 9 (48) |
10 (50) |
10 (50) |
14 (57) |
19 (66) |
23 (73) |
25 (77) |
25 (77) |
24 (75) |
19 (66) |
14 (57) |
11 (52) |
17 (62) |
| Average ultraviolet index | 6 | 7 | 7 | 8 | 8 | 7 | 6 | 6 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 6 | 7 |
| Source 1: India Meteorological Department[10][11][12] Time and Date (dewpoints, 2005-2015)[13] | |||||||||||||
| Source 2: Weather Atlas[14] | |||||||||||||
| Climate data for Vadodara (Köppen BSh/Aw) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 37.4 (99.3) |
40.6 (105.1) |
44.2 (111.6) |
45.9 (114.6) |
46.2 (115.2) |
45.6 (114.1) |
40.1 (104.2) |
39.1 (102.4) |
41.1 (106.0) |
41.4 (106.5) |
39.4 (102.9) |
37.2 (99.0) |
46.2 (115.2) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 29.7 (85.5) |
32.0 (89.6) |
36.3 (97.3) |
39.1 (102.4) |
39.9 (103.8) |
37.2 (99.0) |
32.6 (90.7) |
31.5 (88.7) |
33.4 (92.1) |
35.9 (96.6) |
33.7 (92.7) |
30.9 (87.6) |
34.4 (93.9) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 13.2 (55.8) |
14.9 (58.8) |
19.2 (66.6) |
23.6 (74.5) |
27.0 (80.6) |
27.5 (81.5) |
26.0 (78.8) |
25.3 (77.5) |
25.0 (77.0) |
22.2 (72.0) |
17.6 (63.7) |
14.1 (57.4) |
21.3 (70.3) |
| Record low °C (°F) | 2.8 (37.0) |
3.9 (39.0) |
9.3 (48.7) |
14.4 (57.9) |
19.4 (66.9) |
21.2 (70.2) |
22.2 (72.0) |
21.7 (71.1) |
18.1 (64.6) |
12.8 (55.0) |
6.0 (42.8) |
5.5 (41.9) |
2.8 (37.0) |
| Average rainfall mm (inches) | 1.2 (0.05) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.1 (0.00) |
1.0 (0.04) |
6.3 (0.25) |
118.6 (4.67) |
298.5 (11.75) |
265.5 (10.45) |
122.4 (4.82) |
24.9 (0.98) |
6.7 (0.26) |
0.8 (0.03) |
846.0 (33.31) |
| Average rainy days | 0.2 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.1 | 0.3 | 4.1 | 12.5 | 11.8 | 5.6 | 1.2 | 0.4 | 0.1 | 36.3 |
| Average relative humidity (%) (at 17:30 IST) | 36 | 29 | 25 | 23 | 32 | 51 | 74 | 75 | 63 | 44 | 41 | 41 | 45 |
| Source: India Meteorological Department[15][16] | |||||||||||||
| Climate data for Rajkot (Köppen BSh) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 36.4 (97.5) |
40.0 (104.0) |
43.9 (111.0) |
44.7 (112.5) |
47.9 (118.2) |
45.8 (114.4) |
40.6 (105.1) |
38.8 (101.8) |
42.8 (109.0) |
41.9 (107.4) |
38.4 (101.1) |
36.4 (97.5) |
47.9 (118.2) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 28.4 (83.1) |
30.9 (87.6) |
35.5 (95.9) |
39.1 (102.4) |
40.5 (104.9) |
37.8 (100.0) |
33.0 (91.4) |
31.6 (88.9) |
33.6 (92.5) |
35.9 (96.6) |
33.2 (91.8) |
29.9 (85.8) |
34.1 (93.4) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 12.8 (55.0) |
15.0 (59.0) |
19.2 (66.6) |
22.6 (72.7) |
25.4 (77.7) |
26.5 (79.7) |
25.4 (77.7) |
24.4 (75.9) |
23.8 (74.8) |
22.4 (72.3) |
18.4 (65.1) |
14.4 (57.9) |
20.9 (69.6) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −0.6 (30.9) |
1.1 (34.0) |
6.1 (43.0) |
10.0 (50.0) |
16.1 (61.0) |
20.0 (68.0) |
19.4 (66.9) |
20.1 (68.2) |
16.7 (62.1) |
12.2 (54.0) |
7.2 (45.0) |
2.8 (37.0) |
−0.6 (30.9) |
| Average rainfall mm (inches) | 0.8 (0.03) |
0.3 (0.01) |
0.1 (0.00) |
1.4 (0.06) |
5.4 (0.21) |
108.4 (4.27) |
253.4 (9.98) |
165.3 (6.51) |
115.1 (4.53) |
19.3 (0.76) |
6.3 (0.25) |
0.3 (0.01) |
676.1 (26.62) |
| Average rainy days | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.0 | 0.2 | 0.1 | 4.4 | 9.6 | 8.0 | 5.0 | 1.3 | 0.3 | 0.1 | 29.1 |
| Average relative humidity (%) (at 17:30 IST) | 27 | 24 | 21 | 21 | 30 | 51 | 70 | 71 | 58 | 32 | 29 | 29 | 38 |
| Source: India Meteorological Department[17][18][19] | |||||||||||||
References
[edit]- ^ Singh, Mehtab; Singh, R.B.; Hassan, M.I., eds. (2014). "Landscape Ecology and Water Management". Advances in Geographical and Environmental Sciences: 60–65. doi:10.1007/978-4-431-54871-3. ISBN 978-4-431-54870-6. ISSN 2198-3542. S2CID 128636937.
- ^ "Ahmedabad Climatological Table Period: 1981–2010". India Meteorological Department. Archived from the original on 2 April 2015. Retrieved 25 March 2015.
- ^ "Ever recorded Maximum and minimum temperatures up to 2010" (PDF). India Meteorological Department. Archived from the original (PDF) on 16 March 2014. Retrieved 16 May 2014.
- ^ "Extremes of Temperature & Rainfall for Indian Stations (Up to 2012)" (PDF). India Meteorological Department. December 2016. p. M48. Archived from the original (PDF) on 5 February 2020. Retrieved 26 December 2020.
- ^ "Ahmedabad(42647)". India Meteorological Department. Retrieved 8 August 2022.
- ^ "Climate & Weather Averages in Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India". Time and Date. Retrieved 18 July 2022.
- ^ "Ahmedabad Climate Normals 1971–1990". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Retrieved 25 March 2015.
- ^ "VAAH Data for May 18, 2016". IEM. Archived from the original on 1 July 2016. Retrieved 21 May 2016.
- ^ "Climate and monthly weather forecast Ahmedabad, India". Weather Atlas. Retrieved 12 June 2022.
- ^ "Station: Surat Climatological Table 1981–2010" (PDF). Climatological Normals 1981–2010. India Meteorological Department. January 2015. pp. 729–730. Archived from the original (PDF) on 5 February 2020. Retrieved 19 March 2020.
- ^ "Extremes of Temperature & Rainfall for Indian Stations (Up to 2012)" (PDF). India Meteorological Department. December 2016. p. M260. Archived from the original (PDF) on 5 February 2020. Retrieved 19 March 2020.
- ^ "Surat Climatological Table Period: 1981–2010". India Meteorological Department. Archived from the original on 2 April 2015. Retrieved 25 March 2015.
- ^ "Climate & Weather Averages in Surat, Gujarat, India". Time and Date. Retrieved 5 August 2022.
- ^ "Climate and monthly weather forecast Surat, India". Weather Atlas. Retrieved 14 June 2022.
- ^ "Station: Baroda (A) Climatological Table 1981–2010" (PDF). Climatological Normals 1981–2010. India Meteorological Department. January 2015. pp. 111–112. Archived from the original (PDF) on 5 February 2020. Retrieved 28 September 2020.
- ^ "Extremes of Temperature & Rainfall for Indian Stations (Up to 2012)" (PDF). India Meteorological Department. December 2016. p. M49. Archived from the original (PDF) on 5 February 2020. Retrieved 28 September 2020.
- ^ "Station: Rajkot (A) Climatological Table 1981–2010" (PDF). India Meteorological Department. December 2016. pp. 651–652. Archived from the original (PDF) on 5 February 2020. Retrieved 28 December 2020.
- ^ "Extremes of Temperature & Rainfall for Indian Stations (Up to 2012)" (PDF). India Meteorological Department. December 2016. p. M60. Archived from the original (PDF) on 5 February 2020. Retrieved 28 December 2020.
- ^ "Rajkot Climatological Table Period: 1981–2010". India Meteorological Department. Archived from the original on 14 April 2015. Retrieved 10 April 2015.