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Claudine Hermann

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Claudine Hermann
Hermann in 2013
Alma materÉcole normale supérieure de jeunes filles
Scientific career
InstitutionsÉcole Polytechnique
ThesisPompage optique dans l'antimoniure de gallium : détection optique de la résonance électronique (1976)

Claudine Hermann (19 December 1945 – 17 July 2021) was a French physicist and Honorary Professor at École Polytechnique, the well-known grande école founded in 1794 and located in Palaiseau, France. In 1992 she became the first woman to be appointed Professor. She was also the Vice President of the European Platform of Women Scientists.

Early life and education

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Hermann was the daughter of a pharmacist. She studied at the École normale supérieure de jeunes filles and graduated in 1965.[1] She completed her doctoral studies at Paris Diderot University, with a thesis that considered gallium antimonide.[2] She was appointed a lecturer at École Polytechnique in 1980.[3] She taught classes in semiconductor physics.[4]

Research and career

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Hermann was the first woman to be appointed Professor at École Polytechnique in 1992.[5] She worked on the optical properties of solids, in particular the photo-emission of polarised electrons.[6][7] She developed techniques to optically measure the spin resonance in semiconductors.[8][9] She spent a year as a visiting researcher at Nagoya University in 1998.[10] She demonstrated the hole effective mass (0.051) of Indium gallium arsenide.[11]

She obtained[9] the value of the Landé g-factor g=-0.44 for electrons in Gallium Arsenide which is important for spin physics in the quantum Hall regime.

Advocacy for women in physics

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Alongside her research into condensed matter, Hermann worked to make the environment better for women physicists.[12][13] In 1999 she was appointed to the European Union Helsinki Group on women and science, and remained a member until 2006.[14] She co-founded the platform Femme & Sciences with Huguette Delavault in 2000.[1] She was a member of the expert group who produced the ETAN report on women in academia for the European Union in 2000. Hermann was also the President of Honour of the European Platform of Women Scientists.[15][16]

Books

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  • 2010 Statistical Physics: Including Applications to Condensed Matter[17]
  • 2003 Physics of Semiconductors[4]

Awards

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References

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  1. ^ a b "L'annuaire | a-Ulm". www.archicubes.ens.fr. Archived from the original on 2015-05-20. Retrieved 2018-12-14.
  2. ^ Hermann, Claudine (1976). Pompage optique dans l'antimoniure de gallium: détection optique de la résonance électronique (Thèse. Sc. phys. Paris VI. 1976 thesis). Paris, pays inconnu: Paris VI.
  3. ^ "Claudine Hermann, une femme enseignante à Polytechnique » VousNousIls". VousNousIls (in French). 2007-04-06. Archived from the original on 2018-12-15. Retrieved 2018-12-14.
  4. ^ a b Sapoval, B.; Hermann, C. (1995). Physics of Semiconductors. New York: Springer-Verlag. ISBN 9780387940243.
  5. ^ consulatboston (2017-06-15). "Claudine Hermann". Education and Gender Equality - International Symposium. Retrieved 2018-12-14.
  6. ^ "Accelerating ERA development". Accelerating Era Development. Retrieved 2018-12-14.
  7. ^ "science – The Social Metwork". 6 February 2018. Retrieved 2018-12-14.
  8. ^ Hermann, Claudine; Lampel, Georges (1971-08-16). "Measurement of the g Factor of Conduction Electrons by Optical Detection of Spin Resonance in p-Type Semiconductors". Physical Review Letters. 27 (7): 373–376. Bibcode:1971PhRvL..27..373H. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.27.373.
  9. ^ a b Weisbuch, Claude; Hermann, Claudine (1977-01-15). "Optical detection of conduction-electron spin resonance in , , and ". Physical Review B. 15 (2): 816–822. doi:10.1103/PhysRevB.15.816.
  10. ^ "Research Activities". www.vbl.nagoya-u.ac.jp. Retrieved 2018-12-14.
  11. ^ Hermann, Claudine; Pearsall, Thomas P. (1981). "Optical pumping and the valence-band light-hole effective mass in GaInAsP". Applied Physics Letters. 38 (6): 450–452. doi:10.1063/1.92393.
  12. ^ "Claudine Hermann | a-Ulm". www.archicubes.ens.fr. Retrieved 2018-12-14.
  13. ^ "Breaking the glass ceiling for women and girls in science | Friends of Europe". www.friendsofeurope.org. Archived from the original on 2018-12-15. Retrieved 2018-12-14.
  14. ^ "Claudine HERMANN | La Jaune et la Rouge". www.lajauneetlarouge.com. Retrieved 2018-12-14.
  15. ^ "Claudine Hermann". Expertes France (in French). Retrieved 2018-12-14.
  16. ^ Citoyennes pour l'Europe, Claudine Hermann: Europe of Women Scientists, retrieved 2018-12-14
  17. ^ Hermann, Claudine (2010-09-30). Statistical Physics: Including Applications to Condensed Matter. Springer New York. ISBN 9781441919809.
  18. ^ www.legiondhonneur.fr http://www.legiondhonneur.fr/sites/default/files/promotion/lh_20150101.pdf. Retrieved 2018-12-14. {{cite web}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
  19. ^ Secretaire, A. propos de l’auteur. "Claudine Hermann, décorée par le Président François Hollande | Association Femmes & Sciences" (in French). Archived from the original on 2020-10-20. Retrieved 2018-12-14.
  20. ^ FemmesetSciences, Discours du Président-Remise de décoration Claudine Hermann-20 mai 2015, retrieved 2018-12-14
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