The design of the D50 was based on the JNR Class 9600 which was introduced in 1916. A total of 380 Class D50 locomotives were built. Between 1951 and 1956 78 were rebuilt to JNR Class D602-8-4 Berkshire’s by the JNR. This class would later form the JNR Class D51.
In 1923, sixteen D50 class locomotives were exported to the Jichang Jidun Railway in Manchuria, which designated them class 500 and numbered 501 through 516. Ten were built by Kawasaki (works nos. 970−971, 1140−1170) and six by Kisha Seizō (w/n 965−970), and though very similar to the Japanese D50 class, there were some slight differences in dimensions due to the larger loading gauge on Chinese lines. After the establishment of Manchukuo, the Jichang Jidun Railway was nationalised along with other private railways to form the Manchukuo National Railway. The MNR classified these Mikana (ミカナ) class, numbered 6540−6555, renumbered 501−516 in 1938.[1] After the establishment of the People's Republic of China, China Railways designated them ㄇㄎ5 (MK5) class in 1951,[2] and subsequently 解放5 (JF5) class in 1959.
In 1939, D50 193 was converted to standard gauge and shipped to the Central China Railway, where it operated primarily between Nanjing and Shanghai. This engine lasted in service on China Railways until 1955.[3]
After the establishment of the People's Republic of China, all the railways of China were taken over by the China Railway, which classified the D50s as ㄇㄎ16 (MK16) class in 1951,[2] later becoming class 解放16(JF16).
D50 25 in Kitami, Hokkaido
D50 140 at Umekoji Steam Locomotive Museum
Japanese Government Railway Steam Locomotives
