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Chitra Raghavan

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Chitra Raghavan
Occupation(s)Professor of Psychology, Director of the Forensic Mental Health Counseling Program, and Coordinator of Victimology Studies in Forensic Psychology
Academic background
Alma materYale University School of Medicine

University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign (Ph.D.) Smith College (B.A.)

Université Paris
Academic work
InstitutionsJohn Jay College of Criminal Justice

Chitra Raghavan is a clinical psychologist in New York City, specializing in domestic violence, sex trafficking, sexual harassment, rape, and other types of violent acts against humans. Dr. Raghavan focuses her research on both the tactics used by the perpetrators and the traumatic outcomes it causes the survivors.[1][2]

Dr. Raghavan is a tenured Professor of Psychology at John Jay College of Criminal Justice as well as the Director of the Forensic Mental Health Counseling Program and Coordinator of Victimology Studies in Forensic Psychology at the college.[3] She believes research should only be conducted if it has value that leads to activism, change, and or improves the lives of others.[4] She shares this belief to help her students conduct research that has positive real world application. Her own advances in advocacy and human rights and human trafficking research earned her the title of "New York's New Abolitionists" in 2014 by the New York State Anti-Trafficking Coalition.[4]

Education

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Raghavan received her B.A. in French Language and Literature and Psychology from Smith College in 1992.[5] During her undergraduate she did a year abroad in 1990 at Université Paris participating in the Smith Junior Year Abroad program. She attended graduate school at University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign where she obtained her MA (1995) and Ph.D. (1998) in Clinical and Community Psychology and Quantitative Methods and Personality/Social Ecology. [6] From there she did her Post-doctoral Fellow at Yale University School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry from 1998-1999.[7] Aside from her degrees, Dr. Raghavan knows basic Portuguese and is fluent in four languages including English, Tamil, Malay, and French. She uses her fluency in multiple languages to communicate and translate in the abroad programs she leads through John Jay College.[8]

Career

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After completing her Ph.D., Dr. Raghavan became a research associate at the National Center on Addiction and Substance Abuse at Columbia University for a year in 2001.[9] She then started at John Jay College of Criminal Justice in 2002, where she currently resides, as of 2024.[10] In 2005, she took the Professional Practice in Psychology (EPPP) examination and received her clinical licensure.[7] In 2007 she was tenured as a Professor of Psychology and was appointed Director of the Forensic Mental Health Counseling Program and Coordinator of Victimology Studies in Forensic Psychology. In addition, she is part of the doctoral faculty in Criminal Justice and Forensic Psychology, teaching courses in both areas.[10] Dr. Raghavan teaches a wide range of topics that focus on the psychological analysis of criminal behavior, trauma, and violence, often with an emphasis on gender and multicultural issues. Her courses cover domestic violence, forensic psychology, trauma and dissociation, family dynamics in violence, and the psychological experiences of victims. Dr. Raghavan has also created and led the program to Rabat, Morocco for Gender [11][12] , Islam, and Feminism in 2008 and Bali, Indonesia for Culture, Healing, and Psychopathology in 2010-Ongoing.[13]

Dr. Raghavan supervised over twenty completed MA theses and three doctoral theses as of 2024.[7] She also has served as a doctoral thesis committee member for nine students and guided over fifty non-thesis students at the BA and MA levels from 2007-2024.

Grants

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  • PSC-CUNY Research Grant, John Jay College of Criminal Justice (2013-2019): Received $1,000 for investigating physical and sexual violence among drug using men who have sex with men. [14]
  • PSC-CUNY Research Grant, City University of New York (2007): Received $5,940 to research Gender symmetry, intimate partner violence, and post-traumatic stress disorder.[15]
  • PSC-CUNY Research Grant, City University of New York (2003-2004): Received $4,920 to research community violence as a mediator between individual and neighborhood risk factors contributing to domestic violence.[16]

Research

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Dr. Raghavan's studies examine how coercion, manipulation, and psychological abuse contribute to intimate partner violence.[2] She studies psychological tactics used by perpetrators to control their partners (intimidation, degradation, microregulation, threats, etc.) and the subsequent impact on survivors[17]. Within this research she investigates how coercion operates across gay and heterosexual populations as well as Brazilian, Spaniard, and Moroccan cultures.[18] [12] Her work emphasizes that cultural expectations around gender roles and relationship dynamics can often exacerbate vulnerabilities to abuse, especially in marginalized communities.[19] [20] One of Dr. Raghavan's notable contributions is in the exploration of trauma bonding, where victims develop emotional attachments to their abusers as a result of intermittent rewards and punishment over time [21]. Her research on this phenomenon has aided in explaining why many victims struggle to leave abusive relationships, even when experiencing severe and intense harm.

Raghavan has extensively studied the psychological methods traffickers use to exploit and control their victims, including grooming, manipulation, threats, and violence [22]. Her research sheds light on how traffickers employ strategies such as false promises, debt bondage, and emotional manipulation to entrap victims.[23] Through qualitative and quantitative studies, Dr. Raghavan has captured the lived experiences of trafficking survivors, emphasizing the deep psychological trauma they endure. She explores the complex trauma responses exhibited by survivors, such as dissociation, learned helplessness, and PTSD, contributing to a more comprehensive understanding of their psychological needs.[24]

Peer reviewed books and book chapters

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  • Kerns, J. G., Karcher, N., Raghavan, C., & Berenbaum, H. (2014), Cardeña, E., Lynn, L., Kripper, S. (eds), "Anomalous experiences, peculiarity, and psychopathology", Varieties of anomalous experience: Examining the scientific evidence (2nd ed.)., Washington: American Psychological Association, pp. 57-76. [25]
  • Raghavan C. & Cohen, S.J. (eds.) (2013). Domestic Violence: Methodologies in Dialogue. Northeastern Series on Gender, Crime, and Law, Northeastern University Press.[19]
  • Markus, K., Loveland, J., Ha, D. & Raghavan, C. Publication Trends in Intimate Partner Violence: Bridging the Division in Qualitative and Quantitative Methods. In C. Raghavan and S. Cohen (eds.). (2013). Domestic Violence: Methodologies in Dialogue. Northeastern Series on Gender, Crime, and Law, Northeastern University Press.[20]
  • Raghavan, C. & Levine, J. (eds.). (2012). Self-Determination and Women’s Rights in the Muslim World. HBI Series on Gender, Culture Religion, and Law. Boston: Brandeis University Press.[18]
  • Berenbaum, H., Kerns, J., & Raghavan, C. (2000). Anomalous experiences, peculiarities, and psychopathology. In J. Cardena, Lynn, & S. Krippner (eds.), The varieties of anomalous experience, (pp.25-46). Washington, D.C.: American Psychological Association.[26]
  • Berenbaum, H., Raghavan, C., Le, H.N., Vernon, L., & Gomez, J. (1999). Disturbances in emotion. In D. Kahneman, E. Diener, & N. Schwarz (eds.), Well-being: The foundation of hedonic psychology (pp.267-287). New York: Russell Sage.[27]

Peer reviewed articles

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  • Pipitone, J.M., & Raghavan, C. (2020): Art as a cultural tool: deconstructing exotified notions of Balinese society during an American study abroad programme, Pedagogy, Culture & Society[13]
  • Legg, A., & Raghavan, C. (2020). Not Safe for All: A Mixed Methods Study of Violence in Men in Commercial Sex. Psychology of Sexual Orientation and Gender Diversity. Advance Online Publication.[28]
  • Hagan, E., Raghavan, C., & Doychak, K. (2019). Functional Isolation: Understanding isolation in trafficking survivors. Sexual Abuse[1]
  • Raghavan, C., Beck, C. J. A., Menke, J. M., & Loveland J. E. (2019). Coercive controlling behaviors in intimate partner violence in male same-sex relationships: A mixed methods study. Journal of Gay and Lesbian Social Services[29]
  • Doychak, K & Raghavan, C. (2018). “No voice or cote:” trauma-coerced attachment in victims of sex trafficking. Journal of Human Trafficking[21]
  • Barbaro, L. & Raghavan, C. (2018). Patterns in coercive controlling behaviors among men mandated for batterer treatment: Denial, minimization, and consistency of tactics across relationships. Partner Abuse, 9(3), 270-290.[30]
  • Kaplenko, H., Loveland, J. E., & Raghavan, C. (2018). Relationships among shame, restrictiveness, authoritativeness, and coercive control in men mandated to batterer treatment. Violence and Victims, 33(2), 296-309.[31]
  • Kavanagh, A. M., Loveland, J. E., & Raghavan, C. (2017). Male rape in men who have sex with men: Help-seeking and social support responses. Criminal Justice and Law Enforcement Annual: Global Perspectives, 7(2), 75-103.[32]
  • Pipitone, J. M. & Raghavan, C. (2017). Socio-spatial analysis of study abroad student experiences in/of place in Morocco. Journal of Experiential Education.[12]
  • Loveland, J. E., & Raghavan, C. (2017). Coercive control, physical violence, and masculinity. Violence and Gender, 4(1), 1-6[33].
  • Viñas-Racionero, R., Raghavan, C., Soria-Verde, M. Á., & Prat-Santaolaria, R. (2017). The association between stalking and violence in a sample of Spanish partner violence cases. International journal of offender therapy and comparative criminology, 61(5), 561-581.[34]
  • Raghavan, C., Cohen, S., & Tamborra, T. (2015). Development and preliminary validation of the multidimensional sexual coercion questionnaire (MSCQ). Journal of Sexual Aggression, 21(3), 271-289.[35]
  • Loveland, J.E., & Raghavan, C. (2014). Near-lethal violence in a sample of high-risk men in same-sex relationships. Psychology of Sexual Orientation and Gender Diversity, 1, 51-62.[36]
  • Johnson, M., Raghavan, C., Citron, K., Kavanagh, A-M., and Massey, C. (2014). Interrogation Expectations: Individual and race/ethnic group variation among an adult sample. Journal of Ethnicity in Criminal Justice, 1-14[37]
  • Jones, C.A. & Raghavan, C. (2012). Sexual Orientation, Social Support Networks and Dating Violence in an Ethnically Diverse Group of College Students. Journal of Gay and Lesbian Social Services, 24, 1-22.[38]
  • Tanha, M., Beck, C.J.A., & Figueredo, A.J., & Raghavan, C. (2010). Coercive control as motivational factor for intimate partner violence. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 25, 1836-1854.[39]
  • Allen, C.T., Swan, S.C., Raghavan, C. (2009). Gender symmetry, sexism and intimate partner violence. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 24, 1816-1834.[15]
  • Raghavan, C., Mennerich, A., Sexton, E., & James, S. (2006). Community violence and it's direct, indirect, and mediating effects on intimate partner violence. Violence Against Women, 12, 1-18.[16]
  • James, S. E., Johnson, J., Raghavan, C., & Woolis, D. (2004). "I couldn't go anywhere": social networks, violence and drug abuse. Violence Against Women, 10, 991-1014.[40]

References

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  1. ^ a b Hagan, Elizabeth; Raghavan, Chitra; Doychak, Kendra (March 2021). "Functional Isolation: Understanding Isolation in Trafficking Survivors". Sexual Abuse. 33 (2): 176–199. doi:10.1177/1079063219889059. ISSN 1079-0632.
  2. ^ a b Mitchell, Jenny E.; Raghavan, Chitra (February 2021). "The Impact of Coercive Control on Use of Specific Sexual Coercion Tactics". Violence Against Women. 27 (2): 187–206. doi:10.1177/1077801219884127. ISSN 1077-8012.
  3. ^ Chitra Raghavan, John Jay College of Criminal Justice, https://www.jjay.cuny.edu/faculty/chitra-raghavan
  4. ^ a b Raghavan, Chitra (2017). "Dr. Chitra Raghavan". craghavan.
  5. ^ Psychology, Smith College https://www.smith.edu/academics/psychology#chitra-raghavan-%E2%80%9992-4
  6. ^ Chitra, Raghavan, Ph.D., Practising Law Institute, https://www.pli.edu/faculty/chitra-raghavan-ph.d.-i1319623
  7. ^ a b c Raghavan, Chitra. Curriculum vitae.https://www.jjay.cuny.edu/sites/default/files/media/faculty/cv/vita2021active.pdf
  8. ^ Chitra Raghavan, Psychologist, Psychology Todayhttps://www.psychologytoday.com/us/therapists/chitra-raghavan-new-york-ny/385705
  9. ^ Faculty Biographies, New York State Unified Court System, https://www.nycourts.gov/LegacyPDFS/IP/womeninthecourts/2.%20Faculty%20Bios.pdf
  10. ^ a b "Raghavan Chitra CUNY Graduate".
  11. ^ "John Jay College of Criminal Justice". Newsroom Archive.
  12. ^ a b c Pipitone, Jennifer M.; Raghavan, Chitra (September 2017). "Socio-Spatial Analysis of Study Abroad Students' Experiences in/of Place in Morocco". Journal of Experiential Education. 40 (3): 264–278. doi:10.1177/1053825917709823. ISSN 1053-8259.
  13. ^ a b Pipitone, Jennifer M.; Raghavan, Chitra (2022-10-20). "Art as a cultural tool: deconstructing exotified notions of Balinese society during an American study abroad programme". Pedagogy, Culture & Society. 30 (5): 659–680. doi:10.1080/14681366.2020.1844788. ISSN 1468-1366.
  14. ^ https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Chitra-Raghavan-2/publication/328251237_Kavanagh_A_M_Loveland_J_E_Raghavan_C_2017_Male_rape_in_men_who_have_sex_with_men_Help-seeking_and_social_support_responses_Criminal_Justice_and_Law_Enforcement_Annual_Global_Perspectives_72_75-103/links/5bc0ce3c458515a7a9e3427f/Kavanagh-A-M-Loveland-J-E-Raghavan-C-2017-Male-rape-in-men-who-have-sex-with-men-Help-seeking-and-social-support-responses-Criminal-Justice-and-Law-Enforcement-Annual-Global-Perspectives-72-7.pdf
  15. ^ a b Allen, Christopher T.; Swan, Suzanne C.; Raghavan, Chitra (November 2009). "Gender Symmetry, Sexism, and Intimate Partner Violence". Journal of Interpersonal Violence. 24 (11): 1816–1834. doi:10.1177/0886260508325496. ISSN 0886-2605.
  16. ^ a b Raghavan, Chitra; Mennerich, Amy; Sexton, Ellen; James, Susan E. (December 2006). "Community Violence and Its Direct, Indirect, and Mediating Effects on Intimate Partner Violence". Violence Against Women. 12 (12): 1132–1149. doi:10.1177/1077801206294115. ISSN 1077-8012.
  17. ^ Kingston, Sharon; Raghavan, Chitra (February 2009). "The relationship of sexual abuse, early initiation of substance use, and adolescent trauma to PTSD". Journal of Traumatic Stress. 22 (1): 65–68. doi:10.1002/jts.20381. ISSN 0894-9867.
  18. ^ a b Raghavan, Chitra; Levine, James P., eds. (2012). Self-determination and women's rights in Muslim societies. Brandeis series on gender, culture, religion, and law. Waltham, Massachusetts: Brandeis University Press. ISBN 978-1-61168-281-6.
  19. ^ a b Raghavan, Chitra, ed. (2013). Domestic violence: methodologies in dialogue. The Northeastern series on gender, crime and law. Boston: Northeastern University Press. ISBN 978-1-55553-830-9.
  20. ^ a b Markus, K.; Loveland, J.; Ha, D.; Raghavan, C. (2013). "Domestic Violence: Methodologies in Dialogue". Publication Trends in Intimate Partner Violence: Bridging the Division in Qualitative and Quantitative Methods. Boston, Massachusetts: Northeastern University Press.
  21. ^ a b Doychak, Kendra; Raghavan, Chitra (2020-05-26). ""No voice or vote:" trauma-coerced attachment in victims of sex trafficking". Journal of Human Trafficking. 6 (3): 339–357. doi:10.1080/23322705.2018.1518625. ISSN 2332-2705.
  22. ^ Pomerantz, Jessica B.; Cohen, Shuki J.; Doychak, Kendra; Raghavan, Chitra (2021-12-01). "Linguistic Indicators of Coercive Control: Evidenced in Sex Trafficking Narratives". Violence and Gender. 8 (4): 175–186. doi:10.1089/vio.2020.0105. ISSN 2326-7836.
  23. ^ Unger, Leslie D.; Doychak, Kendra; Raghavan, Chitra (2023-07-03). "Isolation and Support Dynamics among Women in a Pimp-Based Commercial Sex Ring". Journal of Human Trafficking. 9 (3): 328–347. doi:10.1080/23322705.2021.1918966. ISSN 2332-2705.
  24. ^ Berenbaum, H. (2003-05-01). "A Taxonomy of Emotional Disturbances". Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice. 10 (2): 206–226. doi:10.1093/clipsy/bpg011.
  25. ^ Kerns, John G.; Karcher, Nicole; Raghavan, Chitra; Berenbaum, Howard (2014), Cardeña, Etzel; Lynn, Steven Jay; Krippner, Stanley (eds.), "Anomalous experiences, peculiarity, and psychopathology.", Varieties of anomalous experience: Examining the scientific evidence (2nd ed.)., Washington: American Psychological Association, pp. 57–76, doi:10.1037/14258-003, ISBN 978-1-4338-1529-4, retrieved 2024-09-30
  26. ^ Cardeña, Etzel; Lynn, Steven J.; Krippner, Stanley, eds. (2000). Varieties of anomalous experience: examining the scientific evidence. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association. ISBN 978-1-55798-625-2.
  27. ^ Kahneman, Daniel; Diener, Ed; Schwarz, Norbert, eds. (2003). Well-being: the foundations of hedonic psychology (1. papercover ed.). New York, NY: Russell Sage Foundation. ISBN 978-0-87154-423-0.
  28. ^ Legg, Alexander; Raghavan, Chitra (December 2020). "Not safe for all: A mixed-methods study of violence against men in commercial sex". Psychology of Sexual Orientation and Gender Diversity. 7 (4): 407–417. doi:10.1037/sgd0000374. ISSN 2329-0390.
  29. ^ Raghavan, Chitra; Beck, Connie J.; Menke, James Michael; Loveland, Jennifer E. (2019-07-03). "Coercive controlling behaviors in intimate partner violence in male same-sex relationships:A mixed-methods study". Journal of Gay & Lesbian Social Services. 31 (3): 370–395. doi:10.1080/10538720.2019.1616643. ISSN 1053-8720.
  30. ^ Barbaro, Larissa; Raghavan, Chitra (June 2018). "Patterns in Coercive Controlling Behaviors Among Men Mandated for Batterer Treatment: Denial, Minimization, and Consistency of Tactics Across Relationships". Partner Abuse. 9 (3): 270–290. doi:10.1891/1946-6560.9.3.270. ISSN 1946-6560.
  31. ^ Kaplenko, Hannah; Loveland, Jennifer E.; Raghavan, Chitra (2018-04-01). "Relationships Between Shame, Restrictiveness, Authoritativeness, and Coercive Control in Men Mandated to a Domestic Violence Offenders Program". Violence and Victims. 33 (2): 296–309. doi:10.1891/0886-6708.VV-D-16-00123. ISSN 0886-6708.
  32. ^ Kavanagh, A.; Loveland, J.; Raghavan, C. (2017). "Male rape in men who have sex with men: Help-seeking and social support responses". Criminal Justice and Law Enforcement Annual: Global Perspectives. 7 (2): 75–103.
  33. ^ Loveland, Jennifer E.; Raghavan, Chitra (March 2017). "Coercive Control, Physical Violence, and Masculinity". Violence and Gender. 4 (1): 5–10. doi:10.1089/vio.2016.0019. ISSN 2326-7836.
  34. ^ Viñas-Racionero, Rosa; Raghavan, Chitra; Soria-Verde, Miguel Ángel; Prat-Santaolaria, Remei (April 2017). "The Association Between Stalking and Violence in a Sample of Spanish Partner Violence Cases". International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology. 61 (5): 561–581. doi:10.1177/0306624X15598165. ISSN 0306-624X.
  35. ^ Raghavan, Chitra; Cohen, Shuki; Tamborra, Tracy (2015-09-02). "Development and preliminary validation of The Multidimensional Sexual Coercion Questionnaire (MSCQ)". Journal of Sexual Aggression. 21 (3): 271–289. doi:10.1080/13552600.2014.917341. ISSN 1355-2600.
  36. ^ Loveland, Jennifer E.; Raghavan, Chitra (March 2014). "Near-lethal violence in a sample of high-risk men in same-sex relationships". Psychology of Sexual Orientation and Gender Diversity. 1 (1): 51–62. doi:10.1037/sgd0000012. ISSN 2329-0390.
  37. ^ Johnson, Matthew B.; Citron-Lippmann, Kimberly; Massey, Christina; Raghavan, Chitra; Kavanagh, Ann Marie (2015-01-02). "Interrogation Expectations: Individual and Race/Ethnic Group Variation Among an Adult Sample". Journal of Ethnicity in Criminal Justice. 13 (1): 16–29. doi:10.1080/15377938.2014.936641. ISSN 1537-7938.
  38. ^ Jones, Cassandra A.; Raghavan, Chitra (January 2012). "Sexual Orientation, Social Support Networks, and Dating Violence in an Ethnically Diverse Group of College Students". Journal of Gay & Lesbian Social Services. 24 (1): 1–22. doi:10.1080/10538720.2011.611107. ISSN 1053-8720.
  39. ^ Tanha, Marieh; Beck, Connie J. A.; Figueredo, Aurelio José; Raghavan, Chitra (October 2010). "Sex Differences in Intimate Partner Violence and the Use of Coercive Control as a Motivational Factor for Intimate Partner Violence". Journal of Interpersonal Violence. 25 (10): 1836–1854. doi:10.1177/0886260509354501. ISSN 0886-2605.
  40. ^ James, Susan E.; Johnson, Janice; Raghavan, Chitra (September 2004). ""I Couldn't go Anywhere": Contextualizing Violence and Drug Abuse: A Social Network Study". Violence Against Women. 10 (9): 991–1014. doi:10.1177/1077801204267377. ISSN 1077-8012.
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