Chilean torpedo boat Guacolda
The Guacolda was a torpedo boat bought by Peru at the beginning of the War of the Pacific, but captured by the Chilean Navy in the Ecuadorian port of Ballenita before being commissioned.
Construction and controversy
[edit]In mid-1879, when Peru was at war with Chile, Peru’s Vice President José Francisco Canevaro and Captain Ruperto Alzamora bought a torpedo boat from the Herreshof shipyards in Bristol, Rhode Island[1]: 162 [2] at a cost of £9,000.[3]: 349
The ship was sent, in packaged parts, together with other war material procured in the United States in the English merchant ship Colombia, chartered by the Peruvian sailor Luis Germán Astete bound for Colón, from where it was to be transported by rail to the Pacific, assembled and sailed to Peru.[citation needed]
Chilean agents in the US had reported the purchases and shipments as being in violation of the neutrality laws of the US and of any port used in transit for the materials procured in the United States. For this reason, Antonio Jimenéz, Chilean consul in Panama, protested and demanded the seizure of the shipment. Panama still officially belonged to Colombia, but in practice it had its own government, whose Secretary of State, es:José María Alemán, agreed that onward shipment would not be allowed, as had been established in the Treaty of Friendship, Commerce and Navigation between the Republic of New Granada and Chile of February 16, 1844. However there was also a more recent agreement between Panama and the United States in which Panama agreed not to interrupt the movement of goods between the two oceans.[1]: 163 Eventually the transfer of the ship’s parts was authorised by rail to Panama City on the Pacific coast on October 26, 1879.
Peruvian First Lieutenant Manuel de la Barrera was ordered to assemble the parts, name it the Alay and transfer it from Panama to Peru. After it departed on November 29, 1879 at 4 pm for Ecuador, its condenser failed at 9 pm and it had to return to Panama before leaving again on 2 December.[citation needed]
Meanwhile the Chilean government, kept up to date in developments by its agents, had sent the Amazonas north to prevent the Alay from joining up with the rest of the Peruvian navy. The Amazonas, commanded by Manuel Thomson, reached Paita on December 17 hunting for the Peruvian torpedo boat. After inspecting the boats in the bay, it continued its search further north.
Capture
[edit]The Alay sailed for Manta, Ecuador, but on the way it ran out of coal and had to burn firewood. On December 13, 1879, the two engineers abandoned it and went aboard the steamer Casma, while an engineer from the Casma, Juan Cabello, voluntarily took over the ship. The Alay arrived in Manta, where it was supplied with coal and food.[3] On December 15 at 7 pm the Peruvian officers, First Lieutenant de la Barrera and the Frigate Lieutenant Vidal, were prevented from re-embarking by around thirty Ecuadorians, who surrounded the ship. De la Barrera and Vidal traveled to Guayaquil and when they did not find the boat, assumed it had already gone to Paita. On December 24, they arrived in Paita and a few hours later, the Amazonas entered the bay towing the Alay.[citation needed] The Amazonas had captured the Alay the previous day in the Ecuadorian port of Ballenita with only 3 sailors on board, as the others had fled.[4]
Due to the loss of the ship, Manuel de la Barrera was dismissed, stripped of his rank and declared unfit for any military position in November 1880. The government of Ecuador protested against the Chilean incursion into its waters, but to no effect.[5]
Service history
[edit]The ship was undergoing repairs in Chile until March 1880, when it was renamed the Guacolda.[6] It was placed under the command of First Lieutenant Luis A. Goñi and first saw service in the flotilla of the Blockade of Callao, which began with an attempt to torpedo the Peruvian corvette Unión on April 10, 1880.[7][8] The Guacolda sank in late March 1881 off the coast of Chincha.[9]
See also
[edit]Torpedo boats in the War of the Pacific
References
[edit]- ^ a b Parvex, Guillermo (2017). Servicio Secreto Chileno en la Guerra del Pacífico. Santiago de Chile: Penguin Random House. ISBN 978-956-9977-00-8.
- ^ del Campo Rodríguez, Juan (2002). Batallas legendarias del Perú y del mundo: episodios y anécdotas. Fondo Editorial Fundación Academia Diplomática del Perú. p. 158. ISBN 9789972810091. Retrieved 10 October 2021.
- ^ a b Vicuña Mackenna, Benjamín (1881). Historia de la Campaña de Tacna y Arica. Santiago de Chile: Santiago de Chile, R. Jover.
- ^ Tromben Corbalán, Carlos (2017). La Armada de Chile: una historia de dos siglos: Tomo I: desde el período Colonial a la Guerra del Pacífico. Santiago de Chile: RiL Editores. p. 26. ISBN 978-956-01-0431-1. Retrieved 10 October 2021.
- ^ Tapia Figueroa, Claudio Andrés (2016). "Política exterior ecuatoriana durante la guerra del Pacífico". São Paulo, Brasil: Revista Brasileira de História.
{{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires|journal=(help) - ^ Guajardo, Ernesto (2010). Huáscar: las cartas perdidas, 1879-1884. Santiago de Chile: RiL Editores. p. 212. ISBN 978-956-284-681-3. Retrieved 10 October 2021.
- ^ Madan, Lieutenant (1882). "Incidents of the War Between Chili and Peru, 1879-80". Journal of the Royal United Service Institution. 25: 703. Retrieved 10 October 2021.
- ^ Farret, Étienne (1884). Etude sur les opérations de guerre maritime de 1860 à 1863. Paris: Berger-Levraukt et Cie. p. 12. Retrieved 10 October 2021.
- ^ Vidal Gormaz, Francisco (1901). Algunos naufrajios ocurridos en las costas chilenas desde su descubrimiento hasta nuestros dias. Santiago de Chile: mprenta Elzeviriana. p. 530. Retrieved 10 October 2021.
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