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Chen Tingjing

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Chen Tingjing
Grand Secretary of the Wenyuan Library
In office
1703–1710
Minister of Revenue
In office
23 March – 18 October 1687
Serving with Ke'erkun
Preceded byYu Guozhu
Succeeded byWang Rizao
In office
30 December 1693 – 25 December 1699
Serving with Maci
Preceded byWang Zhi
Succeeded byLi Zhenyu
Minister of Personnel
In office
18 October 1687 – 6 June 1688
Serving with Ke'erkun (until 1688), Liaodan (1688)
Preceded byLi Zhifang
Succeeded byZhang Shizhen
In office
25 December 1699 – 5 June 1703
Serving with Kurene (until 1700), Silda (since 1700)
Preceded byXiong Cili
Succeeded byLi Guangdi
Personal details
Born(1638-12-31)31 December 1638
Zezhou, Shanxi
Died23 May 1712(1712-05-23) (aged 73)
Beijing, Zhili

Chen Tingjing (Chinese: 陳廷敬; pinyin: Chén Tíngjìng; Wade–Giles: Ch’ên T’ing-ching, 31 December 1638 – 23 May 1712) was a Han Chinese politician and scholar who served as tutor to the Kangxi Emperor and was chief editor of the Kangxi Dictionary.

Biography

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Chen Tingjing
Traditional Chinese陳廷敬
Simplified Chinese陈廷敬
Transcriptions
Standard Mandarin
Hanyu PinyinChén Tíngjìng
Posthumous name
Chinese文貞
Transcriptions
Standard Mandarin
Hanyu PinyinWénzhēn

Chen Jing was born in Zezhou in Shanxi province. He obtained a jinshi degree in the imperial examination in 1658 and was given the vocable "Ting" by the Shunzhi Emperor to differentiate him from another successful candidate with the same name.[1] He served in a number of official posts during his long career, working in the Imperial Diary Office in 1672 before being appointed sub-chancellor of the Grand Secretariat in 1676. Shortly after, he was also appointed chancellor of the Hanlin Academy. In 1678, Chen was sent to serve in the Imperial Study with Ye Fang'ai, but returned home to observe a mourning period for his mother who recently died. In 1682, Chen became chief-examiner of metropolitan examination and was also tasked with compiling music for court festivals and gatherings.[1] He served a stint at the Imperial Mint in 1684 and was involved in currency reform. To discourage the practice of melting down currency to profit from the higher price of the metal, Chen successfully petitioned a decrease in the weight of copper coins and suggested that copper mines be opened to private operation.[1] In 1684, Chen was also appointed senior president of the Censorate and president of the Board of Works two years later. At the same time, he served as a director of the Historiographical Board, helping compile the History of Ming. In 1688, the governor of Hubei, Zhang Qian, was implicated in a bribery case, which also involved Xu Qianxue and Gao Shiqi.[2] Chen, being a relative of the accused, resigned from his post. He was soon recalled to office two years later but temporarily resigned again to undertake a period of mourning. In 1694, Chen again became a director in the Historiographical Board and continued working on literary projects sponsored by the government.[1]

In 1703, Chen Tingjing was made Grand Secretary of the Wenyuan Library. He accompanied the emperor during his fifth tour of the South in 1705 before retiring on grounds of ill-health in 1710. However, Chen was immediately recalled to office to look after government affairs after the death of one Grand Secretary, Zhang Yushu, and the absence of another, Li Guangdi. During his final years, he served as one of the chief editors of the Kangxi Dictionary. He died in office in 1712.[1] After Chen's death, the emperor personally wrote an elegy dedicated to him and ordered his third son, Yunzhi, and other high officials to attend his funeral.[3][2] He was honoured with the posthumous name Wénzhēn.

Poetry

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Chen was a highly accomplished poet during his lifetime, believing that the fundamental purpose of poetry was to encourage moral virtue.[4] He took an exceptional interest in Tang poetry and considered Du Fu to be the epitome of poetic excellence.[4] The Kangxi Emperor regarded his poetic talents to be the best out of all his high officials and he was gifted the Imperial Poetry Collection (Yuzhi shiji) in 1678.[5] Later in his life, he was also entrusted with editing the Peiwen Yunfu and the Yuxuan Tangshi, an anthology of Tang poetry.[4]

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Chen Tingjing is remembered as an upright and honest official. In 2018, CCTV produced a 39-episode television series, Yi dai ming xiang Chen Ting Jing (一代名相陈廷敬), which dramatizes his life and official career. His residence, the House of the Huangcheng Chancellor, in Shanxi is a popular tourist attraction today and was given an AAAAA rating in 2011 by the China National Tourism Administration.[6]

See also

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References

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  1. ^ a b c d e Tu, Lien-chê (1943). "Ch'ên T'ing-ching" . In Hummel, Arthur W. Sr. (ed.). Eminent Chinese of the Ch'ing Period. United States Government Printing Office.
  2. ^ a b Zhao, Erxun (1928). zh:清史稿/卷267  – via Wikisource.
  3. ^ Huang, Martin W. (2004). Snakes' Legs: Sequels, Continuations, Rewritings, and Chinese Fiction. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press. p. 191. ISBN 0824828127.
  4. ^ a b c Chow, Kai-Wing (2019). "Identities and Literary Culture in Qing China: Manchu Emperors as Chinese Poets, Readers, and Publishers". Journal of Chinese Literature and Culture. 6 (2): 359–382. doi:10.1215/23290048-8041957. S2CID 243305324.
  5. ^ "Timeline of the Ming & Qing Palace Events - Kangxi Reign". The Palace Museum. The Palace Museum. Retrieved December 4, 2022.
  6. ^ "House of the Huangcheng Chancellor". China Daily (Shanxi). Retrieved 21 January 2023.
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