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Chechen diaspora

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The Chechen diaspora (Chechen: Нохчийн диаспора, romanized: Noxçiyn diaspora) is a term used to collectively describe the communities of Chechen people who live outside of Chechnya; this includes Chechens who live in other parts of Russia. There are also significant Chechen populations in other subdivisions of Russia (especially in Dagestan, Ingushetia and Moscow Oblast).

Outside Russia, Chechens are mainly descendants of people who had to leave Chechnya during the 19th century Caucasian War (which led to the annexation of Chechnya by the Russian Empire) and the 1944 Stalinist deportation to the Soviet Central Asia in the case of Kazakhstan. More recently, tens of thousands of Chechen refugees settled in the European Union and elsewhere as the result of the First and Second Chechen Wars, especially in the wave of emigration to the West after 2002.[1]

The Chechen diaspora abroad is rather well integrated into the host countries, while keeping their cultures and traditions of origin, despite the difficulties of learning the language of the host country for many nationals. The Chechens abroad have a reputation of being a rather discreet diaspora, however, it suffers from prejudices and negative stereotypes towards them – the Chechens are generally seen as being physically violent people (with an intensive practice of combat sports, such as wrestling, boxing and MMA), having a clannish and tribal culture, medieval mores, and being fundamentalist Muslims or even radical Islamists.

Geography

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Distribution of Chechens in Russia, 2010

Statistics by country

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Country Official figures % Current est. Chechen population Further information
 Russia 1,674,854 (2021 census)[2] 1.28% —
 Turkey 12,626 (1965 census, Chechen speakers)[3] 0.04% Approx. 100,000[4] Chechens in Turkey
 France — — approx. 67,000[5] Chechens in France
 Kazakhstan 32,252 (2013 annual statistics)[6] 0.2% — —
 Austria — — approx. 30,000 − 40,000[7] Chechens in Austria
 Belgium — — approx. 17,000[5] —
 Jordan — — approx. 12,000 − 30,000[8] Chechens in Jordan
 Germany — — approx. 40,000[9] —
 Egypt — — approx. 5,000[10] —
 Syria — — approx. 4,000[10] Chechens in Syria
 Ukraine 2,877 (2001 census)[11] 0.01% — —
 Kyrgyzstan 1,875 (2009 census)[12] 0% — —
 Georgia 1,271 (2002 census)[13] 0% — —
 Uzbekistan 1,006 (1989 census)[14] 0.01% — —
 Denmark — — approx. 1,000[5] —
 Finland 636 (2017 annual statistics, Chechen speakers)[15] 0.01% — —
 Azerbaijan 456 (1989 census)[16] 0.01% — —
 Turkmenistan 376 (1995 census)[17] 0.01% — —
 Poland 338 (2011 census)[18] 0% — —
 Belarus 265 (2009 census)[19] 0% — —
 Latvia 136–189 (2023 statistics)[20][21] 0% — —
 Tajikistan 128 (2010 census)[22] 0% — —
 Moldova 108 (2004 census)[23] 0% — —
 Lithuania 72 (1989 census)[24] 0% — —
 Estonia 51 (2011 census)[25] 0% — —
 China 10 (2019 census)[25] 0% — —

See also

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References

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  1. ^ Chechnya's Exodus to Europe, North Caucasus Weekly Volume: 9 Issue: 3, The Jamestown Foundation, January 24, 2008
  2. ^ "Russian Census of 2021". (in Russian)
  3. ^ Heinz Kloss & Grant McConnel, Linguistic composition of the nations of the world, vol,5, Europe and USSR, Québec, Presses de l'Université Laval, 1984, ISBN 2-7637-7044-4
  4. ^ Kristiina Markkanen: Chechen refugee came to Finland via Baku and Istanbul
  5. ^ a b c Yahoo! News | French police face worst nightmare: an attacker they never saw coming
  6. ^ Қазақстан Республикасы Статистика агенттігі. ҚАЗАҚСТАННЫҢ ЭТНОДЕМОГРАФИЯЛЫҚ ЖЫЛНАМАЛЫҒЫ Archived 2014-02-22 at the Wayback Machine ЭТНОДЕМОГРАФИЧЕСКИЙ ЕЖЕГОДНИК КАЗАХСТАНА 2013
  7. ^ 30.000 Tschetschenen leben in Österreich (in German)
  8. ^ "Jordan willing to assist Chechnya – King". Reliefweb.int. 2007-08-28. Retrieved 2013-04-20.
  9. ^ Bedrohung durch Kriminelle aus dem Kaukasus (in German)
  10. ^ a b Chechens in the Middle East: Between Original and Host Cultures Archived 2011-07-22 at the Wayback Machine, Event Report, Caspian Studies Program
  11. ^ "The distribution of the population by nationality and mother tongue". Ukrainian Census (2001). Retrieved 9 July 2012.
  12. ^ "4.1. Number of resident population by selected nationality" (PDF). Government of Kyrgyzstan. United Nations. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2012-07-10. Retrieved 9 July 2012.
  13. ^ "Ethnic Groups of Georgia: Censuses 1926 – 2002" (PDF). Retrieved 24 July 2014.
  14. ^ Demoscope. Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 года. Национальный состав населения по республикам СССР (in Russian). Demoscope.ru. Archived from the original on 6 January 2012. Retrieved 8 January 2012.
  15. ^ "Language according to age and sex by region 1990 - 2014". Statistics Finland. Statistics Finland. Archived from the original on 19 July 2018. Retrieved 20 April 2015.
  16. ^ Demoscope. Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 года. Национальный состав населения по республикам СССР (in Russian). Retrieved 8 January 2012.
  17. ^ Итоги всеобщей переписи населения Туркменистана по национальному составу в 1995 году.. asgabat.net (in Russian). asgabat.net. Archived from the original on 2013-03-13. Retrieved 31 July 2012.
  18. ^ "Tabl. 28. ludność według rodzaju i złożoności identyfikacji narodowo- -etnicznych w 2011 roku" (PDF). Glowny Urzad Statysty (in Polish). 17 January 2014.
  19. ^ Национальный статистический комитет Республики Беларусь (PDF). Национальный статистический комитет Республики Беларусь (in Russian). Национальный статистический комитет Республики Беларусь. Archived from the original (PDF) on October 18, 2013. Retrieved 29 January 2015.
  20. ^ "Population by ethnicity at the beginning of year 1935 - 2023". Oficiālās statistikas portāls stat.gov.lv. Retrieved 2023-06-10.
  21. ^ Latvijas iedzīvotāju sadalījums pēc nacionālā sastāva un valstiskās piederības (Inhabitants of Latvia by ethnic composition and citizenship status (01.01.2023.) | Office of Citizenship and Migration Affairs - PMLP
  22. ^ Национальный состав, владение языками и гражданство населения республики таджикистан (PDF). Statistics of Tajikistan (in Russian and Tajik). Statistics of Tajikistan. p. 9. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2013-01-16. Retrieved 27 January 2013.
  23. ^ "Recensămîntul populaţiei. Caracteristici demografice, naţionale, lingvistice, culturale". Statistics of Moldova. p. 301. Retrieved 29 August 2018.
  24. ^ Demoscope. Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 года. Национальный состав населения по республикам СССР (in Russian). Demoscope.ru. Archived from the original on 4 June 2011. Retrieved 8 January 2012.
  25. ^ a b "PCE04: ENUMERATED PERMANENT RESIDENTS BY ETHNIC NATIONALITY AND SEX, 31 DECEMBER 2011". pub.stat.ee. Retrieved 9 November 2012.
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