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Charlotte Viall Wiser

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Charlotte Viall Wiser
Born1892
Chicago, Illinois
Died1981
Occupation(s)anthropologist, author and Presbyterian missionary
SpouseWilliam H. Wiser
AwardsKaisar-i-Hind Medal
Academic background
EducationUniversity of Chicago
Alma materCornell University, New York

Charlotte Viall Wiser (née Charlotte Melina Viall; 1892–1981) was an American anthropologist and Presbyterian missionary to Uttar Pradesh in North India.[1][2] She authored several books, notably, Behind Mud Walls and The Foods of a Hindu Village of North India. She received the Kaiser-i-Hind Medal, an award given for public service in India.[1]

Early life

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Charlotte Melina Viall was born in Chicago, Illinois, and was educated at the University of Chicago. She was sent as a Presbyterian missionary to India in 1916.[3] She married William H. Wiser, another Presbyterian missionary in India, at Allahabad in 1916. They had three sons – Arthur, Alfred, and Edward.[1][4]

Missionary work

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Her first term of missionary work was spent doing social work in Kanpur and teaching courses at the Allahabad Agricultural Institute. During their second missionary term (1925–1930), they worked in Mainpuri, and lived in village Karimpur, near Agra, to get to know the village people and village life.[2][4][5]

She and her husband spent most of their time researching in North India villages. Initially, they did survey of a farming community to better understand the agriculture conditions. Later, they conducted extensive studies on the social, economic, and religious life of peasants between 1925 and 1930. Based on their survey, research, and experience in Indian Anthropology, Wister published several books, such as Behind Mud Walls, in collaboration with her husband William Wiser. Their research books have become influential sources about North Indian village life,[6] and were used to teach in colleges and universities across the United States, especially in Iowa.[1][2][5] While in furlough, Wister completed her Master of Science degree in Nutrition from Cornell University, submitting the work The Foods of a Hindu Village of North India as her thesis.

Wister worked among Indian women and children from rural areas to help raise the standard of health. She ran baby shows like fairs demonstrating Western hygiene and childcare techniques. From 1945 to 1960, both Charlotte and her husband played pivotal and responsible role in the development and direction of Indian Village Service, a demonstration project for the improvement of village life. It later became a model for agencies involving in rural community development program—India's Block Development Program at Marehra, Etah district.[1][2][4][5] [7]

She returned to the United States in 1970 and died in December 1981, aged 89.[4]

Works

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  • For All of Life a Presbyterian Mission study book, in 1943.
  • Four families of Karimpur, in 1978.
  • Behind Mud Walls, in 1930–1960, 1970–1980.
  • The Foods of a Hindu Village of North India, in 1936.[1][2][8][9]

References

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  1. ^ a b c d e f "Charlotte Melina Viall Wiser". las.iastate.edu. Archived from the original on May 14, 2013. Retrieved May 2, 2012. 1892 – 1981 Charlotte Melina Viall was born in Chicago IL in 1892. She graduated from the University of Chicago She went to India as a Presbyterian Missionary in 1916.
  2. ^ a b c d e Anderson, Gerald H. (1999). Biographical Dictionary of Christian Missions. Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing. p. 746. ISBN 978-0-8028-4680-8.
  3. ^ Hess, Gary R. (1968). "American Agricultural Missionaries and Efforts at Economic Improvement in India". Agricultural History. 42 (1): 23–34. ISSN 0002-1482.
  4. ^ a b c d "Yale University Divinity School Library – Historical Sketch". NY Times Co. Archived from the original on December 15, 2012. Retrieved May 2, 2012. JCharlotte Wiser also taught courses at the Allahabad Agricultural Institute – Charlotte Wiser received a M.S. degree in nutrition from Cornel
  5. ^ a b c Wadley, Susan Snow (1994). Struggling With Destiny in Karimpur, 1925–1984. University of California Press. p. xviii. ISBN 978-0-520-08407-0. William wiser, Presbyterian Missionary, north india.
  6. ^ Siegel, Benjamin (May 2016). "'Self-Help which Ennobles a Nation': Development, citizenship, and the obligations of eating in India's austerity years". Modern Asian Studies. 50 (3): 975–1018. doi:10.1017/S0026749X14000493. ISSN 0026-749X.
  7. ^ Chaudhuri, Nupur (1992). Western Women and Imperialism: Complicity and Resistance. Indiana University Press. p. 205. ISBN 978-0-253-20705-0.
  8. ^ "WISER, WILLIAM WITH CHARLOTTE WISER". abebooks.com. Retrieved May 1, 2012.
  9. ^ "Most widely held works by Charlotte Viall Wiser". orlabs.oclc.org. Retrieved May 2, 2012.
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