Charaxes anticlea

Small flame-bordered charaxes
	Figure 4
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Arthropoda
Class:	Insecta
Order:	Lepidoptera
Family:	Nymphalidae
Genus:	Charaxes
Species:	C. anticlea
Binomial name
	Charaxes anticlea; (Drury, 1782)
Synonyms
	Papilio anticlea Drury, 1782; Papilio horatius Fabricius, 1793; Charaxes anticlea f. horatianus Stoneham, 1936; Charaxes anticlea reducta van Someren, 1971;

Charaxes anticlea, the small flame-bordered charaxes, is a butterfly in the family Nymphalidae. It is found in Senegal, Guinea-Bissau, Guinea, Sierra Leone, Liberia, Ivory Coast, Ghana, Togo, Nigeria, Cameroon, Gabon, the Republic of the Congo, the Central African Republic, Angola, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Uganda, Kenya, Tanzania and Zambia.^[3]

Description

Ch. anticlea Drury male: wings above deep black; forewing at the hinder angle between the hind margin and vein 3 with a triangular orange submarginal band, which is only 1 mm. from the distal margin; hindwing above with an orange band, anteriorly narrower, in the middle about 8 mm. in breadth, which encloses 4—6 black, white-centred submarginal spots; above strongly recalls the male of protoclea In the female the wings are black-brown above, with a common, nearly straight, light orange median band, which on the hindwing is 9 mm. in breadth and in cellules 5—7 of the forewing is divided into two branches; hindwing with a continuous orange marginal line only about 2 mm. in breadth. Sierra Leone and Ashanti. — adusta Rothsch. only differs in the male in having the orange submarginal band of the forewing 2 mm. from the distal margin and in the female in the orange marginal line of the hindwing being partly broken up into spots. Gameroons to Angola and Uganda.^[4] A full description is also given by Walter Rothschild and Karl Jordan, 1900 Novitates Zoologicae Volume 7:287-524. [1] page 492 et seq. (for terms see Novitates Zoologicae Volume 5:545-601 [2])

Biology

The habitat consists of forests, including dry forests, and dense riverine vegetation.

Both sexes are attracted to rotting fruit and tree sap.

The larvae feed on Acacia poetzi, Acacia pennata, Mezoneuron benthamianum, Acacia goetzei, Acacia brevispica, Mezoneuron welwitschianum and Mezoneuron angolense.

Subspecies

Charaxes anticlea anticlea (Senegal, Guinea-Bissau, Guinea, Sierra Leone, Liberia, Ivory Coast, Ghana, Togo, Nigeria)
Charaxes anticlea adusta Rothschild, 1900^[5] (Democratic Republic of the Congo, Uganda, western Tanzania)
Charaxes anticlea mwera Vingerhoedt & Thiry, 1996^[6](Democratic Republic of the Congo: Shaba)
Charaxes anticlea proadusta van Someren, 1971^[7] (Nigeria, Cameroon, Gabon, Congo, western Central African Republic, northern Angola, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Zambia
Charaxes anticlea suna van Someren, 1975^[8](south-western Kenya)

Taxonomy

Charaxes anticlea is a member of the large species group Charaxes etheocles

Realm

Afrotropical realm

References

^ Drury, D. 1782. Illustrations of Natural History 3: xxvi, 1-769 + 2pp. London
^ "Charaxes Ochsenheimer, 1816" at Markku Savela's Lepidoptera and Some Other Life Forms
^ "Afrotropical Butterflies: File H - Charaxinae - Tribe Charaxini". Archived from the original on 2013-11-09. Retrieved 2012-05-23.
^ Aurivillius, [P.O.]C. 1908-1924. In: Seitz, A. Die Großschmetterlinge der Erde Band 13: Abt. 2, Die exotischen Großschmetterlinge, Die afrikanischen Tagfalter, 1925, 613 Seiten, 80 Tafeln (The Macrolepidoptera of the World 13).Alfred Kernen Verlag, Stuttgart. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
^ Rothschild, W and JORDAN, K. 1900 Novitates zoologicae 7 (3) : [i-iv], 287-524 (494) Full text
^ Vingerhoedt , E., & Thiry, J. 1996. [Description of a new subspecies of Charaxes anticlea (Drury, 1782). (Lepidoptera Nymphalidae).] Entomologia Africana 1: 9-12.
^ van Someren, V.G.L. 1971. Revisional notes on African Charaxes (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae). Part VII. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) (Entomology) 26:181-226.
^ van Someren, V.G.L. 1975. Revisional notes on African Charaxes, Palla and Euxanthe (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae). Part X. Bulletin of the British Museum of Natural History (Entomology) 32 (3): 65-136.

Victor Gurney Logan Van Someren, 1971 Revisional notes on African Charaxes (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae). Part VII. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) (Entomology)181-226.[3]

External links

Images of C. anticlea adusta Royal Museum for Central Africa (Albertine Rift Project)
Images of C. anticlea mwera Royal Museum for Central Africa (Albertine Rift Project)
Images of C.anticlea proadusta Royal Museum for Central Africa (Albertine Rift Project)
Images of C. anticlea suna Royal Museum for Central Africa (Albertine Rift Project)
Charaxes anticlea images at Charaxes page Consortium for the Barcode of Life subspecies and forms
African Butterfly Database Range map via search

This article related to members of the butterfly subfamily Charaxinae is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.

[1] Drury, D. 1782. Illustrations of Natural History 3: xxvi, 1-769 + 2pp. London

[funet-2] "Charaxes Ochsenheimer, 1816" at Markku Savela's Lepidoptera and Some Other Life Forms

[ATBUT-3] "Afrotropical Butterflies: File H - Charaxinae - Tribe Charaxini". Archived from the original on 2013-11-09. Retrieved 2012-05-23.

[4] Aurivillius, [P.O.]C. 1908-1924. In: Seitz, A. Die Großschmetterlinge der Erde Band 13: Abt. 2, Die exotischen Großschmetterlinge, Die afrikanischen Tagfalter, 1925, 613 Seiten, 80 Tafeln (The Macrolepidoptera of the World 13).Alfred Kernen Verlag, Stuttgart. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.

[5] Rothschild, W and JORDAN, K. 1900 Novitates zoologicae 7 (3) : [i-iv], 287-524 (494) Full text

[6] Vingerhoedt , E., & Thiry, J. 1996. [Description of a new subspecies of Charaxes anticlea (Drury, 1782). (Lepidoptera Nymphalidae).] Entomologia Africana 1: 9-12.

[7] van Someren, V.G.L. 1971. Revisional notes on African Charaxes (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae). Part VII. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) (Entomology) 26:181-226.

[8] van Someren, V.G.L. 1975. Revisional notes on African Charaxes, Palla and Euxanthe (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae). Part X. Bulletin of the British Museum of Natural History (Entomology) 32 (3): 65-136.

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

[7]

[8]