Ceratobatrachidae

Ceratobatrachidae
	Cornufer guentheri
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Amphibia
Order:	Anura
Clade:	Ranoidea
Family:	Ceratobatrachidae; Boulenger, 1884
Type genus
	Ceratobatrachus; Boulenger, 1884
Genera
	5, see text.
Synonyms
	Ceratobatrachinae

The Ceratobatrachidae are a family of frogs^[1]^[2] found in the Malay Peninsula, Borneo, the Philippines, Palau, Fiji, New Guinea, and the Admiralty, Bismarck, and Solomon Islands.^[1]

Taxonomy

Ceratobatrachidae was formerly treated as a subfamily (i.e., Ceratobatrachinae) in the family Ranidae (true frogs), but have now been re-classified as a separate family. The following genera are recognised:^[1]

Subfamily Alcalinae Brown, Siler, Richards, Diesmos, and Cannatella, 2015
- Alcalus (5 species)
Subfamily Ceratobatrachinae Boulenger, 1884
- Cornufer Tschudi, 1838 (> 50 species)
- Platymantis Günther, 1858 (> 30 species)
Subfamily Liuraninae Fei, Ye, and Jiang, 2010
- Liurana Dubois, 1987 (4 species)

Formerly, the following genera were also recognized in the family Ceratobatrachidae, but have now been merged into the genera above.

Batrachylodes Boulenger, 1887 (8 species)
Palmatorappia Ahl, 1927 (1 species)
Ceratobatrachus Boulenger, 1884 (1 species)
Discodeles Boulenger, 1918 (5 species)

Distribution

Ceratobatrachidae is distributed across Island Southeast Asia,^[3] as well as in the Eastern Himalayas.

Genus Liurana

Eastern Himalayas: 4 species

Genus Alcalus

Borneo: 2 species (Alcalus baluensis and Alcalus rajae)
Palawan: 1 species (Alcalus mariae)

Genus Platymantis

Philippines:

Genus Cornufer

Palau: 1 species
Maluku: 3-4 species
New Guinea: 6-8 species
Bismarck Archipelago: 18-22 species
Solomon Islands: 20-25 species
Fiji: 2 species

Life history

All Ceratobatrachidae lay eggs outside of water and undergo direct development where eggs hatch directly into froglets, without free-living tadpole stages.^[4]

References

^ ^a ^b ^c Frost, Darrel R. (2014). "Ceratobatrachidae Boulenger, 1884". Amphibian Species of the World: an Online Reference. Version 6.0. American Museum of Natural History. Retrieved 22 February 2014.
^ "Ceratobatrachidae Boulenger, 1884". Integrated Taxonomic Information System.
^ Brown, Rafe M.; Siler, Cameron D.; Richards, Stephen J.; Diesmos, Arvin C.; Cannatella, David C. (2015). "Multilocus phylogeny and a new classification for Southeast Asian and Melanesian forest frogs (family Ceratobatrachidae)". Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. 174 (1): 130–168. doi:10.1111/zoj.12232.
^ Fuiten, Allison Marie (2012). Skeletal Variation in Melanesian Forest Frogs (Anura: Ceratobatrachidae). M.A. thesis , University of Kansas. p. 69. Retrieved 22 February 2014.

[frost-1] Frost, Darrel R. (2014). "Ceratobatrachidae Boulenger, 1884". Amphibian Species of the World: an Online Reference. Version 6.0. American Museum of Natural History. Retrieved 22 February 2014.

[2] "Ceratobatrachidae Boulenger, 1884". Integrated Taxonomic Information System.

[BrownEtAl2015-3] Brown, Rafe M.; Siler, Cameron D.; Richards, Stephen J.; Diesmos, Arvin C.; Cannatella, David C. (2015). "Multilocus phylogeny and a new classification for Southeast Asian and Melanesian forest frogs (family Ceratobatrachidae)". Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. 174 (1): 130–168. doi:10.1111/zoj.12232.

[4] Fuiten, Allison Marie (2012). Skeletal Variation in Melanesian Forest Frogs (Anura: Ceratobatrachidae). M.A. thesis , University of Kansas. p. 69. Retrieved 22 February 2014.

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