Cathaica pyrrhozona
| Cathaica pyrrhozona Temporal range:
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_fasciola_pyrrhozona_(Philippi,_1845)_-_Bradybaenidae_-_Mollusc_shell_(cropped).jpeg)
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| Cathaica pyrrhozona shells | |
Scientific classification 
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| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Mollusca |
| Class: | Gastropoda |
| Order: | Stylommatophora |
| Family: | Camaenidae |
| Genus: | Cathaica |
| Species: | C. pyrrhozona
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| Binomial name | |
| Cathaica pyrrhozona R. A. Philippi (1845)
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| Synonyms | |
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Cathaica pyrrhozona is a species of air-breathing land snail, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Camaenidae, which is similar to Cathaica fasciola on shell morphology. [1] [2] But this species has single proximal accessory sac instead of two.
Taxonomy
[edit]This species was described under the name Helix pyrrhozona by German–Chilean paleontologist and zoologist Rodolfo Amando Philippi in 1845.
Distribution
[edit]This species was considered as synonym of Cathaica fasciola which was considered as widely distributed in China.[3][4] However, Zhang and Wade (2023) [2] found that Cathaica fasciola and Cathaica pyrrhozona are two different species.
Description
[edit]The shell is same with Cathaica fasciola,[2] thin,[5] but solid.[4] The color of the shell is white, rather opaque, with a broad chestnut-brown band at the periphery, and a faint brownish band below the suture.[4] The shape of the shell is depressed above and below.[4] The spire is low-conoid.[4] The surface is shining, sculptured above with close rib-striae, becoming more delicate below.[4] The shell has 5½ whorls.[5][4] The earliest whorl is smooth, shining, forming a subacute apex.[4] The following whorls are slightly convex, slowly increasing, separated by an impressed suture.[4] The last whorl is much wider, rounded at the periphery, hardly descending in front.[4] The aperture is slightly oblique, lunate-oval.[4] The peristome is white and thickened with a strong white lip.[5][4] The umbilicus is rapidly narrowing to a narrow, deep perforation.[4] The width of umbilicus is one-eighth the greatest diameter.[4]
The width of the shell is 15 mm (0.59 in).[5][4] The height of the shell is 8.5 mm (0.33 in).[4]
The radula and jaw was depicted by George Washington Tryon and Henry Augustus Pilsbry in 1894.[6]
The penis is slender, ending in a long retractor and the terminal vas deferens.[6] The dart sac is large, opening into the atrium.[6] There is a dense cluster of about ten club-shaped, glandular mucous glands near the atrium base.[6] The spermatheca duct is long.[6] Only one proximal accessory sac is found, which let this species be distinguished from C. fasciola.[2]
References
[edit]- ^ MolluscaBase eds. (2023). MolluscaBase. Cathaica pyrrhozona (R. A. Philippi, 1845). Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at: https://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=1674203 on 2023-10-19
- ^ a b c d Zhang, Guoyi; Wade, C.M. (2023-09-01). "Molecular phylogeny and morphological evolution of the Chinese land snail Cathaica Möllendorff, 1884 (Eupulmonata: Camaenidae) in Shandong Province, China". Biological Journal of the Linnean Society. doi:10.1093/biolinnean/blad067.
- ^ Zhang, Min-Zhao; Du, Yan-Li; Qin, Xiao-Chun; Zhao, Yu-Jia; Wang, Jin-Zhong; Zhang, Zhi-Yong (2015-10-02). "Study on the behaviour of dormancy breaking in Cathaica fasciola (Draparnaud 1801) (Gastropoda: Stylommatophora)". Molluscan Research. 35 (4): 213–217. doi:10.1080/13235818.2015.1044886. ISSN 1323-5818. S2CID 86206848.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p Tryon G. W. & Pilsbry H. A. (1892). Volume 8. Helicidae – Volume VI. – Manual of Conchology, structural and systematic, with illustrations of the species. Second series: Pulmonata. pages 204-205, plate 47, figures 60-63.
- ^ a b c d Tryon G. W. (1887) Volume 3. Helicidae – Volume I. – Manual of Conchology, structural and systematic, with illustrations of the species. Second series: Pulmonata. page 208, plate 47, figures 57-59.
- ^ a b c d e Tryon G. W. & Pilsbry H. A. (1894). Volume 9. Helicidae – Volume VII. – Manual of Conchology, structural and systematic, with illustrations of the species. Second series: Pulmonata. pages 205-206, plate 55, figures 6-7, plate 65, figures 7-8, plate 66, figure 32.
External links
[edit]- Philippi, R. A. (1845-1847). Abbildungen und Beschreibungen neuer oder wenig gekannter Conchylien. Zweiter Band. 2. Cassel: Fischer. 1-231, pls. 1-48.
- (in English) Zhang, G. & Wade, C.M. (2023) Molecular phylogeny and morphological evolution of the Chinese land snail Cathaica Möllendorff, 1884 (Eupulmonata: Camaenidae) in Shandong Province, China. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society doi:10.1093/biolinnean/blad067/7246466
Media related to Cathaica pyrrhozona at Wikimedia Commons