Carmen Jean-François
Carmen Jean-François | |
|---|---|
 | |
| First Lady of Haiti | |
| In role May 1957 – 14 June 1957 | |
| President | Daniel Fignolé |
| Preceded by | Dieudonne Auxilus Occide Jeanty |
| Succeeded by | Marie Yvonne Charles |
| Personal details | |
| Born | 25 March 1922 Thomazeau, Haiti |
| Died | 9 June 1992 (aged 70) United States |
| Political party | MOP |
| Spouse | Daniel Fignolé |
| Children | 7 |
| Profession | Teacher |
Carmen Jean-François (25 March 1922 – 9 June 1992) was a Haitian teacher and political figure, who served as First Lady of Haiti from May to June 1957 as the wife of Haitian president Daniel Fignolé.
Biography
[edit]Carmen was born on March 25, 1922,[1] and according to Carlo A. Désinor, her hometown was Thomazeau.[2] Carmen was a teacher at Collège Notre-Dame du Perpétuel Secours in Bel Air, where she taught Preparatory Course I.[2]
Carmen was married to Daniel Fignolé, also a teacher, with whom she had 7 children, including five daughters and two sons.[3] Her husband, Fignolé, later emerged as a prominent figure in Haitian politics, founding the Mouvement Ouvrier Paysan (MOP), a Haitian labor party, in the 1940s. Carmen Fignolé led the Women's Wing of the MOP, officially designated Bureau d'Action Féminine.[4] She also directed La Famille, a MOP's journal that focused on family issues, including parental guidance, gender questions, and child rearing.[5]
Following Fignolé's ascension to the presidency, Carmen held the office of First Lady from May to June 1957.[1] Fignolé's tenure lasted just nineteen days, ending abruptly in a military coup orchestrated by General Antonio Kébreau. Both Carmen and Fignolé were accompanied by the Haitian Coast Guard into exile in the United States.[3] Carmen, who remained in the United States, died on June 9, 1992.[1]
References
[edit]Footnotes
[edit]- ^ a b c "Les Premières Dames d'Haiti". Haiti-Reference (in French). Archived from the original on 2022-09-29. Retrieved 2024-11-20.
- ^ a b Désinor 1986, p. 19, "Originaire de Thomazeau ... Carmen est institutrice au cours préparatoire I chez les soeurs de Notre-Dame du Perpétuel Secours, les filles de Marie au Bel-Air".
- ^ a b Haiti Sun 16 June 1957, pp. 1–2, 15.
- ^ Sanders Johnson 2023, p. 16.
- ^ Smith 2009, p. 123.
General bibliography
[edit]- Désinor, Carlo A. (1986). Daniel Fignolé, Volume 1 (in French). L'Imprimeur II.
- Smith, Matthew J. (2009). Red & Black in Haiti: Radicalism, Conflict, and Political Change, 1934–1957. University of North Carolina Press. ISBN 978-0807832653.
- Sanders Johnson, Grace (2023). White Gloves, Black Nation: Women, Citizenship, and Political Wayfaring in Haiti. University of North Carolina Press. ISBN 9781469673691.
- Diederich, Bernard, ed. (16 June 1957). "Haiti Sun No. 35". Haiti Sun – via University of Florida Digital Collections.
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