Carcinomyces

Carcinomyces
	Carcinomyces polyporinus on its poroid host
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Fungi
Division:	Basidiomycota
Class:	Tremellomycetes
Order:	Tremellales
Family:	Carcinomycetaceae
Genus:	Carcinomyces; Oberw. & Bandoni (1982)
Type species
	Carcinomyces effibulatus; (Ginns & Sunhede) Oberw. & Bandoni (1982)
Species
	Carcinomyces arundinariae; Carcinomyces effibulatus; Carcinomyces nordestensis; Carcinomyces polyporinus;

Carcinomyces is a genus of fungi in the order Tremellales. Species are parasites of other fungi and produce anamorphic yeast states. Four species of Carcinomyces are recognized worldwide. The generic placement of a fifth species, Carcinomyces mycetophilus, is currently uncertain.

Taxonomy

History

Carcinomyces was introduced in 1982 by Franz Oberwinkler and Robert Bandoni for two species forming conspicuous, gelatinous galls on fruit bodies of the agaric, Gymnopus dryophilus. The genus was differentiated from Syzygospora and Christiansenia by its agaric hosts and, microscopically, by its lack of zygoconidia (twinned conidia).^[1] In 1986, James Ginns placed the genus in synonymy with Syzygospora.^[2] Molecular research, based on cladistic analysis of DNA sequences, has, however, shown that Syzygospora is polyphyletic (and hence artificial) and has accepted Carcinomyces as a separate, monophyletic (natural) genus, though no longer restricted to agaric hosts.^[3] Two recently described species are known only from their yeast states.^[3]

References

^ Oberwinkler F, Bandoni R (1982). "Carcinomycetaceae: a new family in the Heterobasidiomycetes". Nordic Journal of Botany. 2: 501–516. doi:10.1111/j.1756-1051.1982.tb01216.x.
^ Ginns J (1986). "The genus Syzygospora (Heterobasidiomycetes: Syzygosporaceae)". Mycologia. 78: 619–636. doi:10.2307/3807775.
^ ^a ^b Liu XZ, Wang QM, Göker M, Groenewald M, Kachalkin AV, Lumbsch HT, Millanes AM, Wedin M, Yurkov AM, Boekhout T, Bai FY (2015). "Towards an integrated phylogenetic classification of the Tremellomycetes". Studies in Mycology. 81: 85–147. doi:10.1016/j.simyco.2015.12.001. PMC 4777781. PMID 26955199. S2CID 21998745.

[Oberw1982-1] Oberwinkler F, Bandoni R (1982). "Carcinomycetaceae: a new family in the Heterobasidiomycetes". Nordic Journal of Botany. 2: 501–516. doi:10.1111/j.1756-1051.1982.tb01216.x.

[Ginns1986-2] Ginns J (1986). "The genus Syzygospora (Heterobasidiomycetes: Syzygosporaceae)". Mycologia. 78: 619–636. doi:10.2307/3807775.

[Liu2015-3] Liu XZ, Wang QM, Göker M, Groenewald M, Kachalkin AV, Lumbsch HT, Millanes AM, Wedin M, Yurkov AM, Boekhout T, Bai FY (2015). "Towards an integrated phylogenetic classification of the Tremellomycetes". Studies in Mycology. 81: 85–147. doi:10.1016/j.simyco.2015.12.001. PMC 4777781. PMID 26955199. S2CID 21998745.

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