Capnobotes fuliginosus
| Capnobotes fuliginosus | |
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Scientific classification 
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| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Orthoptera |
| Suborder: | Ensifera |
| Family: | Tettigoniidae |
| Genus: | Capnobotes |
| Species: | C. fuliginosus
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| Binomial name | |
| Capnobotes fuliginosus (Thomas, 1872)
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| Synonyms[1] | |
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Capnobotes fuliginosus is a species of katydid known as the sooty longwing.[2] It is found in the western United States and Mexico.[1][3][4] It is omnivorous and it is the prey of the wasp Palmodes praestans.
The sooty longwing was first formally described in 1872 by Cyrus Thomas as Locusta fuliginosus.[1][5]
Description
[edit]The species is up to 75 mm (3.0 in) long to its wingtips, brownish gray, has long wings, has a shield back, and its hindwings are darker than its forewings.[6][7] The katydids show their dark hindwings when they are startled.[8] The species' song is loud, continuous, and shrill.[6] It is an omnivore that is known to feed on the nymphs and adults of the grasshopper Bootettix argentatus on foliage during the summer.[6][9]
Habitat and range
[edit]The species can be found in central Nevada, Utah, southern California, New Mexico, Texas, and Colorado.[8][10] They are found in the deserts of California.[6] The species was first found at the Dinosaur National Monument in 1952, according to a 1952 study by Entomological News in which three adults were discovered.[10] They are highly active on hot nights.[6]
Predators
[edit]Nematodes use the species as a host.[11] The wasp Palmodes praestans preys on the species, even though the wasp is smaller.[12] In a 1919 publication from the Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington, it was noted that the species is prey for the wasp despite its "large size" and "formidable nature".[13] In a 2005 study about the mating system of the wasp by the Journal of Natural History, a specimen of the wasp was recorded as having dragged the katydid's instar into its burrow. It was mentioned in the 2005 study because the only report up to that time on the wasp was of it feeding on the katydid.[7]
References
[edit]- ^ a b c Cigliano, M. M.; Braun, H.; Eades, D. C.; Otte, D. "species Capnobotes fuliginosus (Thomas, 1872)". orthoptera.speciesfile.org. Orthoptera Species File. Retrieved 11 January 2019.
- ^ "Sooty Longwing". Encyclopedia of Life. Retrieved 12 January 2019.
- ^ "Species Capnobotes fuliginosus – Sooty Longwing". bugguide.net. Retrieved 12 January 2019.
- ^ "Capnobotes fuliginosus (Thomas, 1872)". Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS). Retrieved 12 January 2019.
- ^ Thomas, Cyrus (1872). "Notes on the Saltatorial Orthoptera of the Rocky Mountain Regions". In Hayden, F. V. (Ferdinand Vandeveer) (ed.). Preliminary report of the United States Geological Survey of Montana, and portions of adjacent territories; being a fifth annual report of progress. Washington : Govt. Print. Off. p. 443. Retrieved 12 January 2019.
- ^ a b c d e Jerry A. Powell; Charles L. Hogue (September 1980). California Insects. University of California Press. p. 69. ISBN 978-0-520-03782-3.
- ^ a b Alcock, John; J. Kemp, Darrell (21 March 2005). "The scramble competition mating system of the sphecid wasp Palmodes praestans (Kohl)" (PDF). Arizona State University. Retrieved 20 December 2018.
- ^ a b R. Eaton, Eric; Kaufman, Kenn (2007). Kaufman Field Guide to Insects of North America. Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. p. 78. ISBN 9780618153107.
- ^ Rivera Garcia, Eduardo (2004). "Records Of Predators And Parasites (Vertebrates And Invertebrates) Of Creosote Bush Grasshopper Bootettix Argentatus Bruner, 1889 (Orthoptera: Acridadae: Gomphocerinae) From The Bolson De Mapimi, DGO. (Chihuahuan Desert), Mexico". Redalyc. Retrieved 20 December 2018.
- ^ a b Alexander, Gordon; Rodeck, Hugo G. (November 1952). "Two Species of Great Basin Orthoptera New to Colorado" (PDF). University of Colorado. Entomological News. Archived from the original (PDF) on 12 June 2010. Retrieved 20 December 2018.
- ^ Poinar, Jr., George; B. Weissman, David (2004). "Hairworm and Nematode Infections of North American Jerusalem Crickets, Field Crickets, and Katydids (Orthoptera: Stenopelmatidae, Gryllidae and Tettigoniidae)". Journal of Orthoptera Research. 13 (1). Orthopterists' Society: 143–147. doi:10.1665/1082-6467(2004)013[0143:HANION]2.0.CO;2. JSTOR 3503712.
- ^ Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences. Washington Academy of Sciences. 1919. p. 150.
- ^ Caudell, A. N. (26 February 1919). "Palmodes praestans and its prey (Orth.)" (PDF). Smithsonian. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington. Retrieved 20 December 2018.