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Canon de 194 mm Modèle 1893–1896

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Canon de 194 mm Modèle 1893–1896
One of the two single turrets aboard the Gloire.
TypeNaval gun
Place of originFrance
Service history
In service1893–?
Used byFrance
WarsWorld War I
Production history
Designed1892
Produced1893–1896
Specifications
Mass12.6 t (13.9 short tons)
Length8.12 m (26.6 ft)
Barrel length7.7 m (25 ft) 40 caliber

Shellseparate-loading, bagged charge
Shell weight75–90 kg (165–198 lb)
Caliber194 mm (7.6 in)
Elevation-6° to +15°
Traverse-150° to +150°
Rate of fire2 rpm
Muzzle velocity840–875 m/s (2,760–2,870 ft/s)

The Canon de 194 mm Modèle 1893–1896 was a turret mounted medium-caliber naval gun used as the primary armament of a number of armored cruisers of the French Navy during World War I.

Design

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The mle 1893–1896 guns were typical built-up guns of the period with several layers of steel reinforcing hoops. The guns used an interrupted screw breech and fired separate loading bagged charges and projectiles.

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Ships that carried the Mle 1893–1896 include:

  • Gloire class – The primary armament of this class of five armored cruisers consisted of two, 194/40 guns, in single turrets, fore and aft.
  • Gueydon class – The primary armament of this class of three armored cruisers consisted of two, 194/40 guns, in single turrets, fore and aft.
  • Léon Gambetta class – The primary armament of this class of three armored cruisers consisted of four, 194/40 guns, in twin turrets, fore and aft.
  • Jeanne d'Arc – The primary armament of this armored cruiser consisted of two, 194/40 guns, in single turrets, fore and aft.
  • Pothuau – The primary armament of this armored cruiser consisted of two, 194/40 guns, in single turrets, fore and aft.

Ammunition

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The Mle 1893–1896 used separate-loading ammunition with a bagged charge weighing 33.8-kilogram (75 lb).

Shell type Weight Muzzle velocity
Armor-piercing, capped 90 kg (200 lb) 840 m/s (2,800 ft/s)
Common shell 75 kg (165 lb) 875 m/s (2,870 ft/s)
Semi-armor-piercing, capped 89.5 kg (197 lb) 840 m/s (2,800 ft/s)

References

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  • Friedman, Norman (2011). Naval Weapons of World War One. Barnsley, South Yorkshire, UK: Seaforth. ISBN 978-1-84832-100-7.
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