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Bulgaria–Croatia relations

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Bulgarian-Croatian relations
Map indicating locations of Bulgaria and Croatia

Bulgaria
Croatia

Bulgaria and Croatia established diplomatic relations on August 13, 1992.[1][2] Bulgaria has had an embassy in Zagreb since 1994.[2] Croatia has had an embassy in Sofia since 1992.[2] Both countries are full members of the European Union and NATO.

History

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In the 9th and 10th centuries, when Bulgaria and Croatia shared a border, the two countries fought in the Croatian–Bulgarian wars. In the Middle Ages, there was commerce between the Bulgarian Empire and the Republic of Ragusa.[3]

In the late 19th and early 20th century, there were strong Bulgarian-Croatian relations in politics, culture, education and sport. Stjepan Radić, one of the most prominent Croatian politicians of the era, wrote in his 1917 book that of all Slavs, Bulgarians were closest to Croats. Bulgarian-Croatian relations suffered in the pre-World War II Yugoslav state (1918–1941), ruled by the Karađorđević dynasty, due to earlier conflicts between Bulgaria and Serbia.[4]

The Kingdom of Bulgaria was one of the first countries to recognize the Independent State of Croatia. The Bulgarian embassy in Zagreb operated from 1941 to 1944.[4] The Croatian Embassy in Sofia operated from 1941 to 1944. But even after 1944, the friendly relations between the MPO - the organization of the Bulgarian Macedonian emigration, closely related to Ivan Mihailov's VMRO, and the Croatian clerical nationalist emigration continued, as they mutually fought against Tito's Yugoslavia for decades - including rejecting the Macedonian nation and language newly created by Yugoslavia after WWII.[5][6]

For the rest of the period prior to 1992, there had been no special crisis or event that required bilateral diplomacy from Croatians and Bulgarians as self-representing nations. However, as two South Slavic nations in relatively close proximity, both nations have been party to some form of diplomatic mission throughout the centuries, whether between the Ottoman Empire and the Republic of Venice (which controlled Croatia's coastal region for some centuries), or during the 20th century when Croatia had been part of Yugoslavia and various attempts were made from within Yugoslavia and Bulgaria to incorporate Bulgaria into the Pan-South Slavic nation.[citation needed]

the European Union and NATO

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Bulgaria joined the EU in 2007. Croatia joined the EU in 2013. Bulgaria joined NATO in 2004. Croatia joined NATO in 2009. Bulgaria fully supported Croatia's application to join NATO, which resulted in membership on 1 April 2009, and then the European Union, which resulted in membership on 1 July 2013.

Resident diplomatic missions

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  • Bulgaria has an embassy in Zagreb.
  • Croatia has an embassy in Sofia.

See also

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References

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  1. ^ "Overview of Bilateral Treaties of the Republic of Croatia by Country: Bulgaria". mvep.hr. Croatian Ministry of Foreign and European Affairs. Retrieved 21 February 2019.
  2. ^ a b c Metodiev 2016, p. 339.
  3. ^ Metodiev 2016, p. 331.
  4. ^ a b Metodiev 2016, p. 332.
  5. ^ Отпорот на македонските Бугари и Хрватите кон посетата на диктаторот Тито во Бразил
  6. ^ Хрватите-сојузници на македонските Бугари

Sources

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  • Metodiev, Kalojan (2016). "Bugarsko-hrvatski politički odnosi 1990. – 2015" [Bulgarian-Croatian political relations (1990-2015)] (PDF). Časopis za suvremenu povijest (in Croatian). 48 (2). Zagreb: Croatian Institute of History: 331–353. Retrieved 15 February 2019.
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