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Bossiney

Coordinates: 50°39′59″N 4°44′24″W / 50.66639°N 4.74000°W / 50.66639; -4.74000
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Bossiney
Looking across fields towards Bossiney
Bossiney is located in Cornwall
Bossiney
Bossiney
Location within Cornwall
OS grid referenceSX066888
Civil parish
Shire county
Region
CountryEngland
Sovereign stateUnited Kingdom
Post townTINTAGEL
Postcode districtPL34
Dialling code01840
PoliceDevon and Cornwall
FireCornwall
AmbulanceSouth Western
UK Parliament
List of places
UK
England
Cornwall
50°39′59″N 4°44′24″W / 50.66639°N 4.74000°W / 50.66639; -4.74000

Bossiney (Cornish: Boskyny, meaning Cyni's dwelling) is a village in north Cornwall, England, United Kingdom. It is north-east of the larger village of Tintagel which it adjoins: further north-east are the Rocky Valley and Trethevy.[1] Until 1832 the village, with its neighbour Tintagel, returned two MPs as a Rotten Borough, for the Bossiney constituency. The beach of Bossiney Haven is located nearby.

Toponymy

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Bossiney, which in Domesday Book was 'Botcinnii', has been explained in Cornish as: 'Bod-' ('dwelling') and 'Cini' (a man's name). The spelling varied in the past (Bossinney was at one time very common). Novelist John Galsworthy used 'Bosinney' as the surname of a character in the Forsyte Saga.

History

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Replica of the borough seal

Bossiney was mentioned in Domesday Book as 'Botcinnii', a manor held by the Count of Mortain from St. Petroc's Church (i.e. Bodmin Monastery),[2] the manor at this time including Trevena.[3] From ca. 1552, two members were elected to the unreformed House of Commons by the burgesses of Bossiney and Trevena, until the Reform Act 1832 stripped it of its representation as a rotten borough. Bossiney was the Parliamentary seat of Francis Drake who in 1584 gave his election speech from Bossiney Mound. It was also the Parliamentary seat in 1584 of Sir Francis Bacon.[4]

The mace and seal of the borough are still preserved and show the name of the borough as 'Tintaioel' (they are thought to be from the 16th century).[5] Despite electing two MPs, the Borough of Bossiney in the 18th century was described as a very small place with scarcely twenty houses and those no better than cottages![6]

Places of interest

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Hendra Cross

Bossiney lies within the Cornwall Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty (AONB). A nearby beach is known as Bossiney Haven.

Notable buildings include the Old Borough House, Bossiney Court (both houses are 17th century and later) and the Methodist chapel (1860).[7] All these are listed Grade II. At the nearby crossroads stands Hendra Cross or Pentaly Cross (towards Trevillet): it has been moved from its former position due to road widening in 1959 ("about one and half miles north east of Bossiney, at Pentaly").[8][9] Sime folklore relating to this cross has been recorded: a writer in 1921 recollects that about 40 years earlier he had stopped at the cross to sketch it and was told by the farmer of the nearby fields that the cross had been overthrown some time before and when it was set up again a number of small bottles full of water containing many pins had been found buried beneath it (the bottles being a charm against being ill-wished).[10]

Willapark on the coast nearby was an Iron Age cliff castle and at Lye Rock the barque 'Iota' was wrecked in 1893 (see the Tintagel article). Willapark Manor stands in wooded grounds and is now an hotel; Jill Pool is the site of the former borough gaol.

To the east of Bossiney lie the remains of an earthen Norman fortification (Bossiney Castle), which were discovered during archaeological excavations during the 1840s. It is likely to have been a motte castle as there are no signs of a bailey. The castle is not mentioned in surviving contemporary documents, and it is uncertain when or by whom it was built. However, it was probably built in the late 11th or 12th century.[11][12]

See also

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References

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Fore Street, Trevena, in 1862; Plan of Bossiney Castle
  1. ^ Ordnance Survey: Landranger map sheet 200 Newquay & Bodmin ISBN 978-0-319-22938-5
  2. ^ "Cornwall A-K". The Domesday Book Online. domesdaybook.co.uk. Retrieved 19 January 2020.
  3. ^ Thorn, C., et al., eds. (1979) Cornwall. Chichester: Phillimore
  4. ^ "Bossiney and Benoath". This is North Cornwall. Kestrel Promotions. Retrieved 19 January 2020.
  5. ^ Canner, A. C. (1982) The Parish of Tintagel, pp. 62–65
  6. ^ Gilbert, Davies (1838). The Parochial History of Cornwall, Founded on the Manuscript Histories of Mr Hals and Mr Tonkin; with additions and various appendices. London: J B Nichols and Son. p. 340.
  7. ^ "HeritageGateway - Home *". Heritagegateway.org.uk. Retrieved 28 June 2019.
  8. ^ Langdon, A. G. (1896). Old Cornish Crosses. Truro: Joseph Pollard. pp. 98–9.
  9. ^ Canner, A. C. (1982). The Parish of Tintagel. Camelford: A. C. Canner. p. 16.
  10. ^ Preston-Jones, Ann; Langdon, Andrew & Okasha, Elisabeth (2021) Ancient and High Crosses of Cornwall: Cornwall's earliest, tallest and finest medieval stone crosses. Exeter: University of Exeter ISBN 1905816618l pp. 232-33
  11. ^ Rose (1992) "Bossiney Castle", p. 141
  12. ^ "Motte castle known as Bossiney Castle, Tintagel - 1006708 | Historic England". historicengland.org.uk. Retrieved 14 June 2023.

Bibliography

  • Rose, Peter (1992) "Bossiney Castle", Cornish Archaeology 31 pp. 138–142.
  • Williams, Michael (ca. 1970) Bossiney. ([9] pp., illus.) [Tintagel: the author]
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