Bible translations into Kurdish
Part of the Bible was first available in the Kurdish language in 1856. Modern translations of the whole Bible are available in standard Kurmanji and Sorani, with many portions in other dialects.
Kurmanji
[edit]Early translations
[edit]Part of the Bible was first available in the Kurdish language in 1856 in the Kurmanji dialect. The Gospels were translated by Stepan, an Armenian employee of the American Bible Society and were published in 1857. Isaac Grout Bliss, of the ABS, translated the rest of the New Testament, and the entire NT was published in Istanbul by A.H. Bohajian in 1872 in the Armenian Alphabet.
A new translation of the New Testament and Psalms, still in Armenian script was published in 1891.
Kamiran Alî Bedirxan
[edit]Proverbs in 1947, and Luke in 1953 were prepared by Kamuran Alî Bedirxan with assistance from a Dominican priest Thomas Bois. Luke was published in both Arabic and Latin scripts. These were published by the Bible Society in Lebanon. This edition of Proverbs was republished in Istanbul in 2014 by Avesta.
Komela Hêvî û Jiyanê
[edit]Komela Hêvî û Jiyanê released a translation of the whole Bible as "Kitêba Pîroz". This was translated into Kurmanji Kurdish by Resûlê Qereqoçanî and Seîdê Dewrêş. It was first published in Germany in 2004 by GBV-Dillenburg,[1] and laterin Turkey by GDK (Gerçeğe Doğru Kitapları).
Bible Society in Turkey
[edit]The Bible Society in Turkey published the New Testament in modern Kurmanji in 2005. The Psalms were added in a subsequent printing (2015). Since then, translation of Old Testament books has been continuing and translations that have been consultant-checked are uploaded to Bible.com[2] (Also referred to as the YouVersion app).[3] As of March 2021, 21 of the 39 books of the Old Testament are available for reading there. Audio readings of those books have been made available on SoundCloud[4] to help oral learners, and to garner feedback on the translations for eventual printing of the whole Bible.
Institute for Bible Translation
[edit]Institute for Bible Translation is translating the Bible for Kurds in the post Soviet Union. The New Testament was completed in 2000 and a revised edition was released in 2011. There is ongoing work on the Old Testament. There work is published in both Cyrillic and Latin editions.
Kurdish Literature Association
[edit]Portions of the Bible have been translated into Behdini (Kurmanji of South Kurdistan): first John's Gospel, Luke/Acts and in 2019, the whole New Testament.[5] This translation of the New Testament was completed by KLA (Kurdish Literature Association) and published by Biblica.[6]
Comparison of translations
[edit]| Translation | John 3:16 |
|---|---|
| American Bible Society (1857) | Զըմա քօ խօտէ վուսան հուպանտ տընէ, հաթա քօ եէքզա Գուռէ խօ տա, Քը հէր քի քօ ժէ ռա իման պինա վունտա նա պա, լէ ժը էպէտի հայաթ ռա մալիք պըպա : |
| American Bible Society (1857, 1872) (transliterated) | Çimkî Xwedê wusan heband dinyayê, heta ko yekza Kurê xwe da, ku her kê ko jê re îman bîne winda nebe, lê ji abadî heyat ra melik bibe. |
| Komela Hêvî û Jiyanê | Ji ber ku Xwedê evqas pirr ji dinê hez kir ku, Lawê xwe yê tekane da; wisa ku, bila tu kes, ji yên bawerî bi wî bîne helaq nebe, lê bila jiyana wî ya abadîn hebe. |
| Kitab-i Mukaddes şirketi (Bible Society in Turkey) | Çimkî Xwedê wusa ji dinyayê hez kir ku Kurê xwe yê yekta da, da her kesê ku baweriyê bi wî bîne helak nebe, lê jiyana wî ya herheyî hebe. |
| Institute for Bible Translation (cyrillic alphabet) | Чьмки Хwәде ӧса дьнйа һ'ьз кьр, кӧ Кӧр'еф хwәйи тайе т'әне бәрва да, wәки һәр кәсе кӧ wи баwәр бькә ӧнда нәбә, ле жийина wийә һ'әта-һ'әтайе һәбә. |
| Institute for Bible Translation (latin alphabet) | Çimkî Xwedê usa dinya h'iz kir, ku Kur'ê Xweyî tayê t'enê berva da, wekî her kesê ku bawerîya xwe Wî bîne unda nebe, lê jîyîna wîye h'eta-hetayê hebe. |
| Kurdish Literature Association, 2019 | خودێ هۆسا حەز ژ جیهانێ كر، كو وی كوڕێ خۆ یێ ئێكانە دایێ، داكو هەر كەسێ باوەریێ پێ بینیت ژ ناڤ نەچیت، لێ ژیانا هەروهەر هەبیت. |
| Kurdish Literature Association, 2019 (transcribed) | Xwedê wusa hez ji cîhanê kir, ku wî Kurê xwe yê êkane dayê, da ku her kesê baweriyê pê bînît ji nav neçît, lê jiyana heruher hebît. |
Sorani
[edit]P. von Oertzen translated the New Testament into Mokri dialect of Sorani Kurdish. The gospel of Mark was published in Bulgaria in 1909 in Arabic letters and the rest of this translation was never published.
In 1919, Ludvig Olsen Fossum of the United Norwegian Lutheran Church of America finished the whole New Testament and it was published in Arabic script under the title Injil Muqqades.
Kurdish Sorani Standard Bible (KSS) is a recent translation of the complete Bible in Sorani Kurdish by Biblica (International Bible Society). It was released in Arabic script version in April 2017.[7]
Comparison of translations
[edit]| Translation | John 3:16 |
|---|---|
| Fossum translation - Sorani (Mukri), 1919 | چونکه خڵا دنيايی وھا حُباند که کوری تاقانی خوی دا ھتاکو ھر کس که به وی ايمان بينی ھلاك نبی بڵا ژيانی ابدي ببی. |
| IBS Modern - Sorani | چونكه خودا به‌م جۆره جیهانی خۆشویست، ته‌نانه‌ت كوڕه تاقانه‌كه‌ی به‌ختكرد، تاكو هه‌ر كه‌سێك باوه‌ڕی پێ بهێنێت له‌ناو نه‌چێت، به‌ڵكو ژیانی تاهه‌تایی هه‌بێت. |
| Biblica - Kurdi Sorani Standard | لەبەر ئەوەی خودا ئەوەندە جیهانی خۆشویست، تەنانەت کوڕە تاقانەکەی بەختکرد، تاکو هەرکەسێک باوەڕی پێ بهێنێت لەناو نەچێت، بەڵکو ژیانی هەتاهەتایی هەبێت، |
| Bible Society in Lebanon - Sorani, 2017 | چونكه خودا وه‌ها جیهانی خۆشویست، ته‌نانه‌ت ڕۆڵه تاقانه‌كه‌ی به‌ختكرد، تاكو هه‌ر كه‌سێک باوه‌ڕی پێ بهێنێت له‌ناونه‌چێت، به‌ڵكو ژیانی جاویدانیی هه‌بێت. |
Zaza
[edit]The gospel of Luke has been translated into Zazaki Kurdish. [citation needed]
Southern Kurdish
[edit]The gospel of John was translated into Kermanshahi Kurdish in 1894. It was translated by Yahya Khan Kirmanshahi from Persian. Later this translation was revised and the rest of the gospels were translated by W. Claire Tisdall and Mirza Ismail. This was published in 1900 by the British and Foreign Bible Society.
See also
[edit]External links
[edit]- Kurdish Bible Online
- 1857 Version
- 1872 Version
- 1919 Version
- Kitabi Piroz (Biblica's Kurdish Bible Online website)
- A KIRMAŞANÎ TRANSLATION OF THE GOSPEL OF JOHN Article by Mustafa Dehqan
References
[edit]- ^ Kurdish Kurmanji Bible with Ferhengok. Kurdish Bible Society Germany. January 2004.
- ^ "Destpêk 1 | KURNT Bible | YouVersion". bible.com. Archived from the original on 2021-07-06.
- ^ "Download the Bible App Now - 100% Free".
- ^ "Stream Dengê Rastiyê | Listen to podcast episodes online for free on SoundCloud".
- ^ "Kitebi Piroz |".
- ^ The Lords Prayer in Northern Kurdish, by N. Bailey, https://rodyaz.ru/pdf/21-2/RY_212_5_Bailey.pdf
- ^ "First full translation of the Bible into Kurdish Sorani is published". Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq: Rudaw Media Network. 22 April 2017. Retrieved 15 July 2024.