Bhojpuri numerals
Bhojpuri number words include numerals and other words derived from them, along with the words which are borrowed from other numbers.
Cardinal numbers
[edit]Base numbers
[edit]| Bhojpuri numeral | Arabic numeral | Bhojpuri word | Romanized word |
|---|---|---|---|
| ० | 0 | 𑂮𑂳𑂢𑂹𑂢𑂰 | sunnā |
| १ | 1 | 𑂉𑂍 | eka |
| २ | 2 | 𑂠𑂴 | dū |
| ३ | 3 | 𑂞𑂲𑂢 | tīna |
| ४ | 4 | 𑂒𑂰𑂩 | cāra |
| ५ | 5 | 𑂣𑂰𑂒 | pāca |
| ६ | 6 | 𑂓𑂫 | chava |
| ७ | 7 | 𑂮𑂰𑂞 | sāta |
| ८ | 8 | 𑂄𑂘 | āṭha |
| ९ | 9 | 𑂢𑂫 | nava |
1-99
[edit]| +0 | +1 | +2 | +3 | +4 | +5 | +6 | +7 | +8 | +9 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| +0 | sunnā | ek | dū/dūi | tīna | cāra | pāṅch | chava/Chay | sāta | āṭha | nava |
| +10 | das | egāraha | bāra' | tera' | caüda' | panra' | sora' | satra' | aṭhāra' | ūnaïs |
| +20 | bīs | ekaïs | bāīs | teīs | caübīs | pachīs | chhabbīs | sattāīs | aṭṭhāīs | ūntīs |
| +30 | tīs | ekatīs | battīs | teṅtīs | chaüṅtīs | païṅtīs | chattīs | saiṅtīs | aṅṛtīs | uncālīs |
| +40 | chālīs | ektālīs | beyālīs | teṅtālīs | chaüwālīs | paiṅtālīs | chhiyālīs | saiṅtālīs | aṅṛtālīs[1] | ūnchās |
| +50 | pachās | ekāwan, | bāwan | tirepan | chaüwan | pachpan | chappan | santāwan | anṭhāwan | ūnsaṭh |
| +60 | sāṭh | eksaṭh | bāsaṭh | tiresaṭh | chaüṅsaṭh | paiṅsaṭh | chāchaṭh | saṛsaṭh | anṛsaṭh[2] | ūnhattar |
| +70 | sattar | ek'hattar | bahattar | tihattar | chaühattar | pach'hattar | chhihattar | sat'hattar | aṭhhattar | ūnāsī |
| +80 | assī | ekāsī, | berāsī | tirāsī | chaürāsī | pachāsī | chiyāsī | satāsi | aṭhāsī | nawāsī |
| +90 | nabbe | ekānbe | bānbe, | tirānbe | chaürānbe | panchānbe | chhiānbe | santābe[3] | anṭhānbe[4] | ninānbe[4] |
The Old Bhojpuri word for Twenty is kor̤ī, which is still used in Trinidadian Bhojpuri.[5][6] In Western Standard Bhojpuri, egara, baara end with "e" instead of "a', hence, egare, baare, tere e.t.c are used till eighteen.[7] The word for Hundred in Bhojpuri is Sai.
Higher numbers
[edit]The word for thousand is Hajār, which is a Persian loanword, the Old Bhojpuri word is Sahas. The word for One Hundred Thousand is Lākh.
| 1000 | Hajār |
| 100,000 | Lākh |
| 10000000 | karor |
Numbers above Hundred are formed by subjoining the lower number with the higher ones.
| 101 | Ek Sai Ek |
| 102 | Ek Sai Du |
| 103 | Ek Sai Teen |
| 110 | Ek Sai Das |
| 1396 | Ek Hajar Teen Sai Panchanbe |
| 305256 | Tee Lakh Paanch Hajar Chhappan |
Base 20 counting
[edit]A counting system considering 20 as a base is also used in Bhojpuri. Hence, 65 is expressed as (3*20)+5, i.e. Teen Bees/Kori aa Panch, Some time number lesser than 20 but near twenty are also expressed in terms of twenty. For example, Eightneen can be expresses has Du Kam Bees/Kori.[8]
Ordinals
[edit]First four ordinals are:
| 1st | pahil |
| 2nd | dūsar |
| 3rd | tīsar |
| 4th | caüth |
The rest of the ordinals are made by adding -wā to the cardinals, for ex. pachwā (fifth).
Multiplicative numerals
[edit]Multiplicatives are formed are adding hālī, hālā, ber, beri, tor, torī with the numbers.
Notes
[edit]- ^ Gvozdanovic 1992, p. 261.
- ^ Gvozdanovic 1992, p. 267.
- ^ Gvozdanovic 1992, p. 273.
- ^ a b Gvozdanovic 1992, p. 274.
- ^ Mohan, Peggy Ramesar (1978). Trinidad Bhojpuri: A Morphological Study. University of Michigan.
- ^ Mohan 2021, p. 217.
- ^ Tiwari 1960, p. 118.
- ^ Tiwari 1960, p. 120.
References
[edit]- Gvozdanovic, Jadranka (1992). Indo-European Numerals. Berlin: Mouton De Gruyter.
- Mohan, Peggy (2021). Wanderers, Kings, Merchants: The story of India through its languages. Penguin. ISBN 9780670093687.
- Tiwari, Uday Narayan (1960). Origin and Development of Bhojpuri. The Asiatic Society. ISBN 8172361076.