Bhattan De Savaiye
| Bhattan de Savaiye ਭੱਟਾਂ ਦੇ ਸਵਈਏ | |
|---|---|
| by Sikh Bhatts | |
| Original title | Savaiye Mahalla 1 to Savaiye Mahalla 5 |
| First published in | Adi Granth, 1604 |
| Country | India |
| Language | Gurmukhi |
| Genre(s) | Religion |
| Meter | Savaiye |
| Lines | 123 Savaiye |
| Pages | 1389-1409 |
| Preceded by | Savaiye Sri Mukhbakya Mahalla 5(ਸਵਯੇ ਸ੍ਰੀ ਮੁਖਬਾਕ੍ਯ੍ਯ ਮਹਲਾ ੫) |
| Followed by | Salok Vaaran Te Vadheek (ਸਲੋਕ ਵਾਰਾਂ ਤੇ ਵਧੀਕ) |
| Part of a series on the |
| Guru Granth Sahib ਗੁਰੂ ਗ੍ਰੰਥ ਸਾਹਿਬ |
|---|
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| Popular compositions |
| Other compositions |
| Various aspects |
| Poetical metres, modes, measures, and rhythms |
Bhattan de Savaiye (Punjabi: ਭੱਟਾਂ ਦੇ ਸਵਈਏ; bhaṭāṁ dē sava'ī'ē), also known as Bhatt Bani (Gurmukhi: ਭੱਟ ਬਾਣੀ; bhaṭa bāṇī), is a name given to 123 Savaiyas composed by various Bhatts, which are present in Guru Granth Sahib, scripture of Sikhs.[1][2] According to various scholars, these Savaiyas are eulogies of first five Gurus of Sikhism.
Generally, it is accepted that there were 11 Bhatts whose hymns are present in Adi Granth,[3][4] but controversy still exist that there are 12 or 17.[5][6]
Structure
[edit]The savaiye starts from page 1389 from Savaiye Mahalla Pehla Ke[7] and ends at page 1409 of Guru Granth Sahib. The savaiyas are under five titles:
- Savaiya Mahalla Pehle Ke 1 (Punjabi: ਸਵਈਏ ਮਹਲੇ ਪਹਿਲੇ ਕੇ ੧)
- Savaiye Mahalle Duje Ke 2 (Punjabi: ਸਵਈਏ ਮਹਲੇ ਦੂਜੇ ਕੇ ੨)
- Savaiye Mahalle Teeje Ke 3 (Punjabi: ਸਵਈਏ ਮਹਲੇ ਤੀਜੇ ਕੇ ੩)
- Savaiye Mahalle Chauthe Ke 4 (Punjabi: ਸਵਈਏ ਮਹਲੇ ਚਉਥੇ ਕੇ ੪)
- Savaiye Mahalle Panjve Ke 5 (Punjabi: ਸਵਈਏ ਮਹਲੇ ਪੰਜਵੇ ਕੇ ੫)
Following is list of Bhatts and their number of savaiyas composed by them:
| Name | Mahalla Pehla | Mahalla 2 | Mahalla 3 | Mahalla 4 | Mahalla 5 | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bhatt Tal | 10 | 10 | 9 | 13 | 12 | 54 |
| Bhatt Balh | - | - | - | 5 | - | 5 |
| Bhatt Bhalh | - | - | 1 | - | - | 1 |
| Bhatt Bhika | - | - | 2 | - | - | 2 |
| Bhatt Gayand | - | - | - | 13 | - | 13 |
| Bhatt Harbans | - | - | - | - | 2 | 2 |
| Bhatt Jalap | - | - | 5 | - | - | 5 |
| Bhatt Kirat | - | - | 4 | 4 | - | 8 |
| Bhatt Mathura | - | - | - | 7 | 7 | 14 |
| Bhatt Nalh | - | - | - | 16 | - | 16 |
| Bhatt Salh | - | - | 1 | 2 | - | 3 |
Author controversy
[edit]- Tall or Kal: A Swaiya in name of Bhatt Tall,[8] which according to some scholars is a Gurmukhi typo as it is Kal i.e Bhatt Kalshar.[9]
- No. of Bhatts: Few author believe there are 17 Bhatts[5] including above. Others are Bhatt Sevak, Bhatt Jalh, Bhatt Jalan.
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ Chauhan, Dr. G.S. (2006). Bani Of Bhagats. Hemkunt Press. p. 125.
- ^ Singh, Jagraj (2009). "The Bhatts of the Punjab". A complete guide to Sikhism. Chandigarh, India: Unistar Books. pp. 245–46. ISBN 81-7142-754-5. OCLC 319683249.
The Bhatts are Brahmins, who sang praises of their patrons (Jajmans) and maintained the registers called Vahees, mentioning accounts of various happenings in different parts of the Punjab including birth and death records of their Jajmans, since ancient times. There are two major subdivisions of Brahmins namely Gaur and Sarsut (Saraswat) Brahmins. The Gaur Brahmins lived on the banks of the river Ganges on the eastern side of the Saraswati River (now Ghagar) in the Ganga-Jamna divide, while the Sarsut Brahmins lived on the western side of the Saraswati river in the Punjab. The Bhatts are a sub-sect of the Sarsut Brahmins. In the pre-modem times they inhabited numerous villages in the Punjab along the banks of Saraswati River in and around Pehowa, in Karnal district. Some of the Bhatts came to Guru's Darbar during the pontificate of Guru Arjan Dev soon after the demise of Guru Ram Dass and their hymns are found recorded in Guru Granth Sahib, under the heading, "Bhattan Dey Sawayye". A Bhatt Vahee related with the events in the ...
- ^ Chauhan, John (2012). Fighting Words: Religion, Violence, and the Interpretation of Sacred Texts. p. 202.
- ^ Van Doel, Sarah M. (2008). Sikh Music: History, Text, and Praxis. p. 43.
- ^ a b Singha, H. S. (2000). The Encyclopedia of Sikhism (over 1000 Entries). Hemkunt Press. p. 182.
- ^ Hinnells, John (2007). Religion and Violence in South Asia: Theory and Practice. Routledge. p. 111.
- ^ Singh, Sahib. Guru Granth Sahib Darpan (Exegesis) (in Punjabi). India.
ਗੁਰੂ ਨਾਨਕ ਸਾਹਿਬ ਦੀ ਉਸਤਤਿ ਵਿਚ ਉਚਾਰੇ ਹੋਏ ਸਵਈਏ।
- ^ ਟਲ' ਜੀ ਕਹਤੇ ਹੈਂ ਹੇ ਭਾਈ ਐਸੇ ਸਤਿਗੁਰੋਂ ਕੋ ਸਹਜ ਸੁਭਾਵਕ ਨਿਰੰਤਰ ਹੀ ਸੇਵੀਐ ਹੇ ਭਾਈ ਸਤਿਗੁਰੋਂ ਕੇ ਦਰਸਨ ਕਰਨੇ ਤੇ ਜਨਮ ਮਰਨ ਦੁਖ ਜਾਤਾ ਰਹਿਤਾ ਹੈ॥੧੦॥: Page 1392, Teeka Fareedkoti, Adi Granth
- ^ Page 1392: ਟਲ = ਹੇ ਟੱਲ! ਹੇ ਕਲ੍ਯ੍ਯ! ਹੇ ਕਲ੍ਯ੍ਯਸਹਾਰ!: Teeka by Professor Sahib Singh, Adi Granth