Bernard Konrad Świerczyński
Bernard Konrad Świerczyński | |
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| Born | Bernard Konrad Świerczyński August 20, 1922 |
| Died | October 31, 2002 (aged 80) Warsaw, Republic of Poland |
| Burial place | Powązki Cemetery |
| Other names |
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| Occupation | Journalist |
| Organization | Syndicalist Brigade |
| Notable work |
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| Spouse | Halina Goldberg |
| Parents |
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| Righteous Among the Nations |
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| By country |
Bernard Konrad Świerczyński (20 August 1922 – 31 October 2002) was a journalist, writer, and anarchist activist. During the occupation of Poland he provided help to Jews in Warsaw and was subsequently awarded the title of Righteous Among the Nations by Yad Vashem.
Biography
[edit]Early life
[edit]Świerczyński was raised in a left-wing family in the Wola district of Warsaw. The only surviving child of 8 siblings his family spoke the Wiech variant (named after Stefan Wiechecki) of the Warsaw subdialect at home.[1] His father, Konrad, was a member of the Polish Association of Freethinkers and the Anarchist Federation of Poland. As a teenager he was removed from school by his parents to avoid religious classes and was instead tutored by the anarchist Aniela Wolberg.[2]
WWII
[edit]Following the Nazi occupation of Poland and the establishment of the Warsaw Ghetto on the orders of the General Government, Świerczyński began smuggling food, medicines, weapons and communications to Jewish friends and acquaintances living there.[3] Through his acquaintance with the left-wing activist Stanisław Skrypij, Świerczyński was aware of the mass murder of Jews at Treblinka.[4] As such he helped Jews who escaped the Ghetto by hiding them in his family home. Jewish people he helped included fellow anarchists Marek Lőw, Stefania Marek and her mother following their escape from a concentration camp at Falenty. He also helped Jews he had known before the war such as Freda Hoffman Zgodzinski and his future wife Halina Goldberg.[5]
After the war
[edit]On 30 January 1972, Yad Vashem awarded Świerczyński the title of Righteous Among the Nations[6]
Death
[edit]Świerczyński died on 31 October 2002 in his native Warsaw.[7]
Publications
[edit]- Świerczyński, Bernard Konrad (2017). Monument to the Unknown Smuggler. Warsaw.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
References
[edit]- ^ "Imię: Bernard Konrad Nazwisko: Świerczyński". getto.pl (in Polish). Retrieved 21 April 2024.
- ^ Aleksiun, Natalia (November 2016). "The story of Bernard Konrad Świerczyński". sprawiedliwi.org.pl. Retrieved 21 April 2024.
- ^ Schmidt, Michael (2021). "The Untold Story of Polish Anarchist Resistance". pp. 6–7. Retrieved 21 April 2024.
- ^ Świerczyński, Bernard Konrad (1 April 2019). "Dlatego trzeba…" (in Polish). Tygodnik Przegląd. Retrieved 21 April 2024.
- ^ Aleksiun, Natalia (November 2016). "The story of Bernard Konrad Świerczyński". sprawiedliwi.org.pl. Retrieved 20 April 2024.
- ^ Aleksiun, Natalia (November 2016). "The story of Bernard Konrad Świerczyński". sprawiedliwi.org.pl. Retrieved 21 April 2024.
- ^ Marek, Pawel Lew (July 2007). "Biographies of Syndicalists and anarcho-syndicalists". theanarchistlibrary.org. Retrieved 21 April 2024.