Battle of Maciejowice
| Battle of Maciejowice | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Part of the Kościuszko Uprising | |||||||
 Kosciusko's capture in battle | |||||||
| |||||||
| Belligerents | |||||||
 Poland |
 Russian Empire | ||||||
| Commanders and leaders | |||||||
|
Tadeusz Kościuszko (POW) |
Ivan Fersen Fyodor Denisov | ||||||
| Strength | |||||||
| 7,000[1]: 194 | 14,000[1]: 194 | ||||||
| Casualties and losses | |||||||
| 4,000 killed, wounded and captured[1]: 208 | Unknown | ||||||
The Battle of Maciejowice was fought on 10 October 1794, between Poland and the Russian Empire during the Polish Uprising of 1794.
The Poles were led by Tadeusz Kościuszko. Kościuszko with 6,200 men, who planned to prevent the linking of three larger Russian corps, commanded by generals Fyodor Denisov, Ivan Fersen and Alexander Suvorov. He also had requested the support of Adam Poniński (who had 4,000 soldiers), but Poniński failed to arrive on the battlefield in time.[1]: 205
Battle
[edit]Kosciuszko had spent the night in an abandoned manor house of the Zamoyskis with his army in the field in front flanked by woods, and a river behind the house.[1]: 206 Denisov and then Fersen attacked the next morning, and the Poles burned the village on their left flank to prevent it being used as cover.[1]: 207 Initially, the Russian advance was slowed by the mud, but after three hours the Poles ran out of ammunition for their cannons.[1]: 207 The Russian infantry then made a bayonet charge and slaughtered the Poles for the next three hours.[1]: 208
After three horses were shot from under him, Kosciuszko finally tried leaving the battlefield, but his horse tripped.[1]: 208 A Cossack stabbed him with a pike from behind, followed by a second Cossack who stabbed him in the left hip.[1]: 208 Attempting to take his own life, Kosciuszko found his pistol empty, and then passed out in the mud, but was not identified as the Polish commanding general.[1]: 208 He was stripped by two unknown horsemen, but then saved and carried away from the battlefield by Denisov's Cossacks and later taken prisoner.[1]: 208
Aftermath
[edit]Kosciuszko was taken to St. Petersburg by General Alexei Khrushchev and two thousand Russian soldiers.[1]: 210 The news of the fall of Warsaw reached him on 17 November.[1]: 211
The Battle of Maciejowice is commemorated on the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier, Warsaw, with the inscription "MACIEJOWICE 10 X 1794”.
References
[edit]External links
[edit]- 10.10.1794. Battle of Maciejowice, Fersen's Corps OOB
- Соловьев С.М. История падения Польши». — Москва, 1863.
- Рапорт А. В. Суворова П. А. Румянцеву, 3 октября 1794 г., № 433 (РГВИА. ф. ВУА, д. № 2731. ч. I. л. 188).
- Донесение Ф.П. Денисова А. В. Суворову, 30 сентября 1794 г. (РГВИА, ф. ВУА. д. № 2731, ч. I. лл. 180 — 182).
- Рапорт генерал-поручика И. Е. Ферзена А. В. Суворову, 12 октября 1794 г. о сражении при Мацеевицах.
