Attack on Åbo

Attack on Åbo
	Part of the Swedish–Novgorodian Wars
	; The Cathedral of Turku
Date	1318
Location	Åbo
Result	Inconclusive
Belligerents
Sweden	Novgorod
Commanders and leaders
Lyder von Küren	Unknown
Strength
Unknown	Unknown
Casualties and losses
Unknown	Unknown

The Attack on Åbo was launched by the Novgorod Republic on the Swedish city of Åbo (Finnish: Turku) in 1318. The Novgorodian goal of capturing the city failed, but they managed to burn the outskirts.

Prelude

At the beginning of the 13th century, the eastern Swedish expansion began to slow down. This was mainly due to the fact that when Sweden extended further east, the more resistance was given by Novgorod.^[1] With the uprising against the Swedish king in 1317, the Novgorodians decided to take advantage of the chaotic situation in Sweden.^[1]

Attack

In the summer of 1318, the Novgorodians invaded along the coast and on 11 July the defenders of Åbo were overwhelmed, the nearby bishopric Kustö was captured and burned down, in the fire, the bishops archives which included all of Finlands earlier history were destroyed.^[1]^[2]^[3] However, the commander of Åbos castle, Lyder von Kuren, was able to defend the castle, and soon after, the Novgorodians retreated.^[1] The Novgorodian attack was likely an attempt to consolidate their control over the region.^[4]

Aftermath

After the attack, the Novgorodians offensive capability was quickly exhausted, which forced them to adopt a restrictive campaign against the Swedes. The Novgorod First Chronicle speaks of a Swedish attack against the areas around Ladoga in 1317, which was likely another reason for the Novgorodian attack on Åbo.^[1] Since the two powers were incapable of annihilating the other, the two, with instigation from the Hanseatic League, signed the Treaty of Nöteborg in 1323. This agreement for the first time formally established the border between the two, cutting the Karelian Isthmus in two, following the course of the Vuoksi, crossing the Savo towards the northwest, and reaching the north of the Gulf of Bothnia. following the Pyhäjoki.^[5]

References

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e Sundberg, Ulf (1999). Medeltidens Svenska krig (in Swedish) (1st ed.). Stockholm: Hjalmarson & Högberg. p. 127. ISBN 9189080262.
^ "Svenska - Uppslagsverket Finland". uppslagsverket.fi. Retrieved 2024-03-04.
^ Harrison, Dick (2016-12-29). "Då var Åbo centrum för östra delen av svenska riket". Svenska Dagbladet (in Swedish). ISSN 1101-2412. Retrieved 2024-03-04.
^ Showalter, Professor Dennis (2013-09-16). Medieval Wars 500–1500. Amber Books Ltd. ISBN 978-1-78274-119-0.
^ Calloc’h, Bernard Le (2017-05-03). Histoire de la Finlande (in French). Éditions Glyphe. ISBN 978-2-36934-081-2.

[:0-1] Sundberg, Ulf (1999). Medeltidens Svenska krig (in Swedish) (1st ed.). Stockholm: Hjalmarson & Högberg. p. 127. ISBN 9189080262.

[2] "Svenska - Uppslagsverket Finland". uppslagsverket.fi. Retrieved 2024-03-04.

[3] Harrison, Dick (2016-12-29). "Då var Åbo centrum för östra delen av svenska riket". Svenska Dagbladet (in Swedish). ISSN 1101-2412. Retrieved 2024-03-04.

[4] Showalter, Professor Dennis (2013-09-16). Medieval Wars 500–1500. Amber Books Ltd. ISBN 978-1-78274-119-0.

[5] Calloc’h, Bernard Le (2017-05-03). Histoire de la Finlande (in French). Éditions Glyphe. ISBN 978-2-36934-081-2.

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