Arnoseris
| Arnoseris | |
|---|---|
| |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Eudicots |
| Clade: | Asterids |
| Order: | Asterales |
| Family: | Asteraceae |
| Subfamily: | Cichorioideae |
| Tribe: | Cichorieae |
| Subtribe: | Cichoriinae |
| Genus: | Arnoseris Gaertn. |
| Species: | A. minima
|
| Binomial name | |
| Arnoseris minima (L.) Schweigg. & Korte
| |
| Synonyms[1] | |
| |
Arnoseris is a monotypic genus of flowering plants in the family Asteraceae.[2][3][4]
The only known species is Arnoseris minima, native to Europe, Morocco, and the Middle East; naturalized in parts of northeastern North America (Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, Prince Edward Island, Maine, New Hampshire, Pennsylvania, Ohio, Michigan).[5][6] Common names in the United States: dwarf nipplewort or lamb-succory.[7] Common names in the British Isles: lamb's succory.[8]
It has a maximum height of 30 cm, is herbaceous and does not spread vegetatively.[9]
The species became extinct across the British Isles in 1971.[10] There was an attempt to reintroduce the species, and there has been one recent sighting in England.[11]
Arnoseris minima is an annual weed of cornfields and fallow fields, favouring infertile, sandy, acidic soils.[12]
The word 'succory' is an anglicization of the French 'cichorie' (chicory). The 'lamb' in the name denotes that it is a chicory only suitable for animal consumption.[13] The genus Arnoseris comes from the Ancient Greek 'arnos seris' meaning 'sheep's endive'. The species epithet minima means 'small'.[14]
Secondary metabolites
[edit]Arnoseris minima is a source of the simple coumarin aesculetin and the flavonoids luteolin, luteolin 7-O-β-D-glucoside, luteolin 4'-O-β-D-glucoside, and 3-O-methylquercetin.[15]
References
[edit]- ^ "Global Compositae Checklist". archive.is. 2014-11-08. Archived from the original on 2014-11-08. Retrieved 2018-12-17.
- ^ Gaertner, Joseph. 1791. De Fructibus et Seminibus Plantarum. 2(3): 355 in Latin
- ^ Gaertner, Joseph. 1791. De Fructibus et Seminibus Plantarum. 2(3):plate 157, figure 3 line drawing as illustration
- ^ Tropicos, Arnoseris Gaertn.
- ^ Biota of North America Program 2013 county distribution map
- ^ Altervista Flora Italiana, Arnoseris minima (L.) Schweigg. & Korte includes photos and European distribution map
- ^ Brako, L., A.Y. Rossman & D.F. Farr. 1995. Scientific and Common Names of 7,000 Vascular Plants in the United States 1–294.
- ^ BSBI List 2007 (xls). Botanical Society of Britain and Ireland. Archived from the original (xls) on 2015-06-26. Retrieved 2014-10-17.
- ^ Online Atlas of the British and Irish Flora
- ^ Woodland Trust - 7 Extinct Plants in the UK and the Rarest Plants to Save
- ^ Online Atlas of the British Flora
- ^ Online Atlas of the British Flora
- ^ a New Universal Etymological and Pronouncing Dictionary of the English Language
- ^ Flora of North America
- ^ Zidorn, C; Udovičić, V; Spitaler, R; Ellmerer, E P; Stuppner, H (2005). "Secondary metabolites from Arnoseris minima". Biochemical Systematics and Ecology. 33 (8): 827–829. Bibcode:2005BioSE..33..827Z. doi:10.1016/j.bse.2004.12.026. ISSN 0305-1978.
