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Subfamily of flowering plants in the heather family Ericaceae
The Arbutoideae are a subfamily in the plant family Ericaceae . Phylogenetic analysis supported all genera of the subfamily as monophyletic , except Arbutus .[ 1] Moreover, it was suggested that the non-sister relationship between Mediterranean and North American species may be explained by a once widespread distribution in the Northern hemisphere before the Neogene .[ 1]
The genera Arbutus , Arctostaphylos , Comarostaphylis form a particular type of mycorrhizal symbiosis with the fungus, Arbutoid mycorrhiza , which resembles ectomycorrhizas .[ 2] [ 3]
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Genus
Living species
Arbutus L.
Species
Common name
Range
andrachne
Greek strawberry tree
Mediterranean and Middle East
canariensis
Canary madrone
Canary Islands of Spain
pavarii
Libya: Jebel Akhdar range in coastal Cyrenaica
unedo
Strawberry tree
Europe, north Africa, Middle East
arizonica
Arizona madrone
Mexico, southwestern United States
bicolor
.
madrensis
Mexico: Durango, Jalisco, Nayarit, Sinaloa
menziesii
Pacific madrone
Coastal areas of British Columbia, Washington, Oregon, California; Sierra Nevada
mollis
Mexico
occidentalis
western Mexico
tessellata
.
northern and central Mexico from Chihuahua to Jalisco, Tlaxcala, and Veracruz
xalapensis
Texas madrone
Central American, Mexico, southwestern United States
Arctostaphylos Adans.
Species
Common name
Range
mendocinoensis
Pygmy manzanita
myrtifolia
Ione manzanita
California (Amador, Calaveras Counties)
nissenana
Nissenan manzanita
California (coastal and inland ranges north of San Francisco Bay)
nummularia
Glossyleaf manzanita
California (Mendocino County)
Subgenus Arctostaphylos , which has 3 sections :
Species
Common name
Range
alpina
Alpine bearberry
bakeri
Baker's manzanita
California (Sonoma County)
densiflora
Sonoma manzanita
California (Sonoma County)
edmundsii
Little Sur manzanita
California (Monterey County)
franciscana
Franciscan manzanita
California (San Francisco County)
gabrielensis
San Gabriel manzanita
California (Los Angeles County)
glauca
Bigberry manzanita
California and Baja California
hispidula
Gasquet manzanita
Coastal mountain ranges of southern Oregon and northern California
hookeri
Hooker's manzanita
California
insularis
Island manzanita
California (Santa Cruz Island)
klamathensis
Klamath manzanita
California (Klamath Mountains)
manzanita
Common manzanita, whiteleaf manzanita
California (Coast Ranges and Sierra Nevada foothills)
mewukka
Indian manzanita
California (Sierra Nevada)
nevadensis
Pinemat manzanita
California
parryana
Parry manzanita
California (southern)
patula
Greenleaf manzanita
Western North America
pumila
Sandmat manzanita
California (Monterey County)
pungens
Pointleaf manzanita
Southwestern United States and to northern and central Mexico
rudis
Shagbark manzanita
California (southern central coast)
stanfordiana
Stanford's manzanita
California (Outer North Coast Ranges north of the San Francisco Bay Area)
uva-ursi
Bearberry
Europe, Asia, North America
viscida
Sticky manzanita, whiteleaf manzanita
California and Oregon
Species
Common name
Range
pringlei
Pringle manzanita
Arctous (A.Gray) Nied.
Comarostaphylis Zucc.
Ornithostaphylos Small
Xylococcus Nutt.
Species
Common name
Range
bicolor
Mission manzanita